Volume 30, Issue 7 (10-2023)
RJMS 2023, 30(7): 1-10 |
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Research code: 01
Ethics code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1401.001
Clinical trials code: 01
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Haddadi K, Niusha B, Shaterian Mohammadi F. The Effectiveness Mixed Method of Time Perspective and Mindfulness Education on Marital Commitment and Affective Control in Mothers with Low Marital Satisfaction. RJMS 2023; 30 (7) :1-10
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8159-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8159-en.html
Department of Psychology, college of Human Sciences, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran , Beheshteh-niusha@yahoo.com
Abstract: (241 Views)
Background & Aims: From the distant past, the concept of marital commitment has attracted the attention of many people from the fields of family and marriage studies and has been considered a decision for life's survival and durability. Marital commitment is one of the important variables in understanding marriage and has a special and unavoidable relationship with marital satisfaction. Marital commitment means how much couples value their marital relationship and how motivated they are to maintain and continue it. In other words, commitment in married life is the concept of emotional feeling and motivation based on which couples focus on maintaining and remaining in their relationship. The idea of marital commitment is understood as a basic pillar in marriage and the first emotional and legal commitment that is concluded in adulthood, and it is considered the starting point in the growth and psychological maturity of people in society. The first ones who studied the importance of commitment in marital relationships were Dean and Spanier (1974), who defined marital commitment as the stable desire of couples to maintain and continue marriage. According to them, commitment is a smart and conscious choice, which increasingly regulates the marital relationship. A person commits to different things in life, but the issue becomes critical when the commitment is raised in marriage. Regarding the integrated training of time perspective and mindfulness, it has not been widely used so far and the effects of this training on marital variables require more research; therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment and emotion control in mothers with low marital satisfaction.
Methods: This research was quasi-experimental and implemented in the form of a pre-test-post-test-follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population consisted of mothers with low marital satisfaction in the 5th district of Tehran in 1401. 30 people were selected by the available sampling method by observing the entry and exit criteria and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Before the start of the intervention, both groups participated in the pre-test phase, and after that, the experimental group underwent integrated time perspective and mindfulness training in 12 60-minute sessions. The control group also did not receive any intervention. Then both experimental groups participated in the post-test stage and after 3 months the follow-up stage was done. To measure marital commitment, the standard questionnaire of marital commitment by Adams and Jones (1997) was used, and Williams' emotion control scale (1997) was used for emotion control. The data was analyzed by mixed analysis of variance.
Results: The mean scores of marital commitment and emotion control variables in the integrated training group of time perspective and mindfulness increased compared to the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test stage. To investigate the effectiveness of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment and emotional control in mothers with low marital satisfaction, a variance test with intergroup repeated measurement was used. Before performing the analysis of variance test with inter-group repeated measurement, the presumption of normality of the data was performed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. This assumption implies that the observed difference between the distribution of scores of the sample group and the normal distribution in the population is equal to zero. The results of this test showed that all the variables follow the normal distribution in pre-test-post-test and follow-up. The results showed that the effect of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment (F=0.001, P<0.001) and emotion control (F=50.65, P<0.001) is significant.
Conclusion: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment and emotional control of mothers with low marital satisfaction. To achieve this goal in the form of a quasi-experimental design, two groups of 15 women with low marital satisfaction were selected using available methods and were assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 12 one-hour sessions of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training, and after the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up analyses, the results of the analyses showed that a group of mothers with low marital satisfaction who participated in the training sessions had a significant improvement in They showed marital commitment and emotional control. This finding is consistent with the results of previous research. Mindfulness training for women with marital boredom can increase their marital commitment along with intimacy and marital happiness. In explaining the effect of the combined training of time perspective and mindfulness on marital commitment, it can be said: that this training method is focused on cognitive abilities, attention, alertness, perception, and capacity of people to pay attention to the present time. Therefore, this method can create changes in the processes thought patterns, and attitudes of a person. In other words, instead of changing the content of the mind, the goal of mindfulness training is to develop non-prejudiced attitudes and the connection between thoughts and emotions when they occur. In this way, living in the present and ignoring judgmental and ineffective thoughts in women with low marital satisfaction can lead to more marital commitment. In addition, this training can lead to more self-compassion in mothers, and the increase in self-compassion makes them blame themselves less when they fail and with the increase in marital satisfaction, the level of their marital commitment also increases. The combined training of time perspective and mindfulness can strengthen cognitive coping processes such as positive reappraisal and strengthen emotion regulation skills such as distress tolerance, problem-solving training, and ignoring techniques training, at the time of the onset of marital problems from the individual against mood dysfunction caused by Protect from stress and rumination. From these results, it can be concluded that marital commitment and emotional control of mothers with low marital satisfaction can be increased with integrated training methods of time perspective and mindfulness.
Methods: This research was quasi-experimental and implemented in the form of a pre-test-post-test-follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population consisted of mothers with low marital satisfaction in the 5th district of Tehran in 1401. 30 people were selected by the available sampling method by observing the entry and exit criteria and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Before the start of the intervention, both groups participated in the pre-test phase, and after that, the experimental group underwent integrated time perspective and mindfulness training in 12 60-minute sessions. The control group also did not receive any intervention. Then both experimental groups participated in the post-test stage and after 3 months the follow-up stage was done. To measure marital commitment, the standard questionnaire of marital commitment by Adams and Jones (1997) was used, and Williams' emotion control scale (1997) was used for emotion control. The data was analyzed by mixed analysis of variance.
Results: The mean scores of marital commitment and emotion control variables in the integrated training group of time perspective and mindfulness increased compared to the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test stage. To investigate the effectiveness of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment and emotional control in mothers with low marital satisfaction, a variance test with intergroup repeated measurement was used. Before performing the analysis of variance test with inter-group repeated measurement, the presumption of normality of the data was performed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. This assumption implies that the observed difference between the distribution of scores of the sample group and the normal distribution in the population is equal to zero. The results of this test showed that all the variables follow the normal distribution in pre-test-post-test and follow-up. The results showed that the effect of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment (F=0.001, P<0.001) and emotion control (F=50.65, P<0.001) is significant.
Conclusion: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of time perspective and mindfulness training on marital commitment and emotional control of mothers with low marital satisfaction. To achieve this goal in the form of a quasi-experimental design, two groups of 15 women with low marital satisfaction were selected using available methods and were assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 12 one-hour sessions of integrated time perspective and mindfulness training, and after the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up analyses, the results of the analyses showed that a group of mothers with low marital satisfaction who participated in the training sessions had a significant improvement in They showed marital commitment and emotional control. This finding is consistent with the results of previous research. Mindfulness training for women with marital boredom can increase their marital commitment along with intimacy and marital happiness. In explaining the effect of the combined training of time perspective and mindfulness on marital commitment, it can be said: that this training method is focused on cognitive abilities, attention, alertness, perception, and capacity of people to pay attention to the present time. Therefore, this method can create changes in the processes thought patterns, and attitudes of a person. In other words, instead of changing the content of the mind, the goal of mindfulness training is to develop non-prejudiced attitudes and the connection between thoughts and emotions when they occur. In this way, living in the present and ignoring judgmental and ineffective thoughts in women with low marital satisfaction can lead to more marital commitment. In addition, this training can lead to more self-compassion in mothers, and the increase in self-compassion makes them blame themselves less when they fail and with the increase in marital satisfaction, the level of their marital commitment also increases. The combined training of time perspective and mindfulness can strengthen cognitive coping processes such as positive reappraisal and strengthen emotion regulation skills such as distress tolerance, problem-solving training, and ignoring techniques training, at the time of the onset of marital problems from the individual against mood dysfunction caused by Protect from stress and rumination. From these results, it can be concluded that marital commitment and emotional control of mothers with low marital satisfaction can be increased with integrated training methods of time perspective and mindfulness.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Clinical Psychiatry
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