Background: Oral
mucosa of cigarette and hookah users is more susceptible for malignant changes,
so the purpose of this study is to assess the impact of cigarette and hookah on
morphometry features of oral mucosa.
Methods: In this
Historical Cohort study, Cytological smears prepared from three regions of oral
mucosa (Buccal mucosa, lateral border of tongue and floor of the mouth) in 40 smokers, 40 hookah users ,
40 non-smoker and non-hooka users were stained by Papanicolaou method. A
quantitative and qualitative change in cytology smears was evaluated in each
slide. Quantitative evaluation of 50 cells per slide was performed with Motic
Plus2 software. Practitioners were matched with age and sex.
Results: Increased
nuclear size, nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, Ferret ratio, reduced size of
cytoplasm was observed in cigarette users, hookah users, non-smokers and non
hookah users respectively (p<0.001). No Significant difference in
karyorrhexis, multilobed nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuolization in buccal
mucosa,tongue and floor of the mouth of cigarrete, hookan users(p=0.8) and non
smoker-non hookan users was seen. (p3=0.9) but inflammation(p< 0/001) and
candidiasis (p=0/002)were more in smokersand hookah users than non smoker and
non hookah users respectively.
Conclusions: Cigarette and hookah
are effective in cyto-morphometric changes of oral mucosa, but in this area,
The effect of cigarette is more than hookah.
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