Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Oral mucosa of cigarette and hookah users is more susceptible for malignant changes, so the purpose of this study is to assess the impact of cigarette and hookah on morphometry features of oral mucosa.

Methods: In this Historical Cohort study, Cytological smears prepared from three regions of oral mucosa (Buccal mucosa, lateral border of tongue and floor of the mouth) in 40 smokers, 40 hookah users , 40 non-smoker and non-hooka users were stained by Papanicolaou method. A quantitative and qualitative change in cytology smears was evaluated in each slide. Quantitative evaluation of 50 cells per slide was performed with Motic Plus2 software. Practitioners were matched with age and sex.

Results: Increased nuclear size, nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, Ferret ratio, reduced size of cytoplasm was observed in cigarette users, hookah users, non-smokers and non hookah users respectively (p<0.001). No Significant difference in karyorrhexis, multilobed nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuolization in buccal mucosa,tongue and floor of the mouth of cigarrete, hookan users(p=0.8) and non smoker-non hookan users was seen. (p3=0.9) but inflammation(p< 0/001) and candidiasis (p=0/002)were more in smokersand hookah users than non smoker and non hookah users respectively.

Conclusions: Cigarette and hookah are effective in cyto-morphometric changes of oral mucosa, but in this area, The effect of cigarette is more than hookah.