Volume 31, Issue 1 (3-2024)
RJMS 2024, 31(1): 1-17 |
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Research code: 01
Ethics code: IR.IAU.TON.REC.1401.035
Clinical trials code: 01
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Salamian S, Heydari M, Noruzi A. A Comparative Study of the Approach of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Schema Therapy on Improving Adaptive Behavior in People with Drug Abuse. RJMS 2024; 31 (1) :1-17
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8540-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8540-en.html
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tonkabon Branch, Tonkabon, Iran , dr.heidari20sh@gmail.com
Abstract: (229 Views)
Background & Aims: Today, drug abuse has become one of the most important issues related to health by decreasing the quality of life, increasing the death rate, reducing social and moral values, and increasing criminal behaviors. Psychiatric disorders along with drug abuse have had destructive effects on physical, psychological, social, family, and social communication issues, and the consequences of this disease will cause enormous costs for governments. This research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people with drug abuse.
Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up plan with a control group. The current research was of the type of applied research and in terms of the research method, it was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The population of the present study includes all people who are suffering from drug abuse and went to government addiction treatment centers in District 5 of Tehran for treatment of their addiction within three months (December to March 1400). After determining the research sample and the desired treatment center, by checking the general characteristics of the participants and conducting an initial interview, the clients with the necessary conditions for the research were identified, and then three groups of 15 people were separated based on the random sampling method from the available population. The participants were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. All the subjects completed all the research tools two times (before and after the treatment). The schema therapy sessions are tried to be following Yang's therapy model. In the same way, the intervention process is implemented using cognitive and experimental strategies and behavioral pattern-breaking. The intervention included 15 schema therapy sessions for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. The meetings were held for two hours and once a week. Also, the experimental group received 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in a group based on Michael Frey's instructions (2005), but the control group did not receive any intervention. Before the beginning of the treatment sessions, the researcher explained the nature and objectives of the sessions to the participants and answered the questions raised by the subjects. Bell's compatibility questionnaire (1961) was used to collect data. SPSS software and multivariate covariance analysis tests were used for data analysis.
Results: By removing the effect of pre-test scores, the difference between the average scores of the post-test in the adaptive behavior variable and its components in the two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy and the control group is significant (0.5 0≥p). In other words, the results show that the difference in the adjusted averages of the post-test in the score of adaptive behaviors and its components by groups was significant (p ≥ 0.05). The amount of this effect in improving adaptive behaviors in the post-exam stage is 25%, in the family component 52%, in the health (physical) component 16%, in the emotional (emotional) component 0.31, in the occupational component 0.68 and in the social component it is 22 percent. Also, based on the results of the above table, by removing the effect of the pre-test scores, the difference between the mean follow-up scores in the adaptive behavior variable and some of its components in the two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy and the control group is significant (01/ 0 ≥p). In other words, the results indicate that the difference between the adjusted averages of follow-up in the score of adaptive behaviors and family, emotional, and occupational components by group was significant (p ≥ 0.01). The amount of this effect in improving adaptive behaviors is 30% in the follow-up phase, 31% in the family component, 0.33% in the emotional component, and 0.38% in the occupational component, but by removing the effect of the pre-test scores, the difference between the average scores Follow-up in health (physical) and social components is not meaningful. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from substance abuse.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse improved significantly after cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy sessions. The findings of this research can provide useful information for counselors and psychotherapists about the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse. Therefore, during cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions, people with substance abuse disorder identify their negative emotions in social and communication fields and instead of avoiding people, they face them. In addition, cognitive and problem-solving techniques also help to increase self-awareness and reduce avoidance in people, and these factors help people with substance abuse disorders to correctly recognize and deal with negative emotions in the social context. Communication can reduce interpersonal problems in people with substance abuse disorder. In this study, the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse was investigated.
Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up plan with a control group. The current research was of the type of applied research and in terms of the research method, it was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The population of the present study includes all people who are suffering from drug abuse and went to government addiction treatment centers in District 5 of Tehran for treatment of their addiction within three months (December to March 1400). After determining the research sample and the desired treatment center, by checking the general characteristics of the participants and conducting an initial interview, the clients with the necessary conditions for the research were identified, and then three groups of 15 people were separated based on the random sampling method from the available population. The participants were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. All the subjects completed all the research tools two times (before and after the treatment). The schema therapy sessions are tried to be following Yang's therapy model. In the same way, the intervention process is implemented using cognitive and experimental strategies and behavioral pattern-breaking. The intervention included 15 schema therapy sessions for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. The meetings were held for two hours and once a week. Also, the experimental group received 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in a group based on Michael Frey's instructions (2005), but the control group did not receive any intervention. Before the beginning of the treatment sessions, the researcher explained the nature and objectives of the sessions to the participants and answered the questions raised by the subjects. Bell's compatibility questionnaire (1961) was used to collect data. SPSS software and multivariate covariance analysis tests were used for data analysis.
Results: By removing the effect of pre-test scores, the difference between the average scores of the post-test in the adaptive behavior variable and its components in the two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy and the control group is significant (0.5 0≥p). In other words, the results show that the difference in the adjusted averages of the post-test in the score of adaptive behaviors and its components by groups was significant (p ≥ 0.05). The amount of this effect in improving adaptive behaviors in the post-exam stage is 25%, in the family component 52%, in the health (physical) component 16%, in the emotional (emotional) component 0.31, in the occupational component 0.68 and in the social component it is 22 percent. Also, based on the results of the above table, by removing the effect of the pre-test scores, the difference between the mean follow-up scores in the adaptive behavior variable and some of its components in the two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy and the control group is significant (01/ 0 ≥p). In other words, the results indicate that the difference between the adjusted averages of follow-up in the score of adaptive behaviors and family, emotional, and occupational components by group was significant (p ≥ 0.01). The amount of this effect in improving adaptive behaviors is 30% in the follow-up phase, 31% in the family component, 0.33% in the emotional component, and 0.38% in the occupational component, but by removing the effect of the pre-test scores, the difference between the average scores Follow-up in health (physical) and social components is not meaningful. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from substance abuse.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse improved significantly after cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy sessions. The findings of this research can provide useful information for counselors and psychotherapists about the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse. Therefore, during cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions, people with substance abuse disorder identify their negative emotions in social and communication fields and instead of avoiding people, they face them. In addition, cognitive and problem-solving techniques also help to increase self-awareness and reduce avoidance in people, and these factors help people with substance abuse disorders to correctly recognize and deal with negative emotions in the social context. Communication can reduce interpersonal problems in people with substance abuse disorder. In this study, the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving adaptive behavior in people suffering from drug abuse was investigated.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Clinical Psychiatry
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