Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

Background & Aims: Currently, it has been well shown that adipose tissue secretes adipokines such as CRP, which is one of the important proteins of the acute phase, which is in response to the increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1B and IL-6 by The liver is secreted A high concentration of CRP causes cardiovascular diseases, which can act as a predictor for these diseases. It has been suggested that the reduction of C-reactive protein levels is associated with the reduction of cardiovascular risks and other chronic diseases related to obesity (including diabetes and cancer).
Considering the above contents and the impact of obesity on life, researchers and experts are constantly looking for a way to reduce the negative effects of obesity. In this regard, changes in the way of life such as increasing physical activity and using a diet plan as one of the weight loss interventions and The complications of obesity are known.
On the other hand, weight loss caused by diet may reduce the health risk associated with obesity, but caloric restriction is associated with skeletal muscle mass loss, especially in middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, adding physical activity to the diet may inhibit this negative effect of the diet. However, the results are not clear about prescribing the most effective intervention program (lifestyle change) and their mechanisms in reducing overweight risk factors.
In general, green tea is a very good source for the biological and pharmacological activities of the body to increase human health. And by activating epinephrine, it increases the oxidation of fatty acids and emulsification of fats and has thermogenic properties. Green tea also reduces inflammatory factors and subsequently reduces cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Also, green tea reduces food intake, lowers triglyceride, cholesterol and leptin levels, lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increases HDL, smooth muscle cells, and increases energy metabolism.
Considering the negative impact of obesity on individual and social life, on the one hand, discovering a way to control obesity and the important factors on it, on the other hand, and since no research was found that showed the effect of exercise at the same time, by reviewing the research done inside and outside the country, has examined the combination and supplement of green tea on its desired factors in overweight middle-aged people, so this question is raised whether the combination of aerobic-resistance exercises and green tea consumption can have an effect on CRP in overweight elderly people. have?
Methods: In order to carry out this semi-experimental research, which was carried out with a pre-test-post-test design, 42 inactive men (ages between 40 and 50 years old) of Mashhad city, who had a history of participating in resistance and aerobic exercises, were selected by sampling method. did not have; They were selected as a sample and randomly divided into three supplement groups (14), combined exercise-placebo group (14 people) and combined exercise-supplement group (14 people). 24 hours before the start of training and 48 hours after the last training session, data related to height, weight, fat percentage and body mass index and blood sampling were done to measure hs-CRP. After familiarizing the subjects with the implementation of the protocol and the correct method of performing the movements, their maximum repetition in the desired movements was calculated using the Berzyski formula.
Then the groups of combined exercise-supplement and combined exercise-placebo performed three sessions of aerobic exercise and three sessions of resistance exercise weekly for 12 weeks on alternate and separate days, each session was about 45 minutes (Casio et al., 2021). The group of combined exercise-supplement daily received one capsule of 500 mg one hour before each training session, and the group of combined exercise-placebo received one capsule of 500 mg of placebo daily one hour before each exercise session. Subjects in the supplement group did not do any special training activities and only did their daily activities and received one 500 mg capsule daily before each meal. Finally, descriptive statistics and Shapiro-Wilk tests, analysis of variance with repeated measures of 2´3 and Bonferroni follow-up using SPSS version 18 software were used at the significance level (P<0.05) for the statistical analysis of the data.
Results: The results showed that combined exercise and consumption of green tea caused a significant decrease in the plasma levels of CRP in overweight middle-aged men (P=0.001, F=230.70). It was also found that the interactive effect of time in the group is significant (P = 0.001, F = 47.646). On the other hand, the results of Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that there is no significant difference between combined exercise-supplement with combined exercise-placebo and supplement group in plasma CRP levels (P=0.053, P=1.00), also a significant difference There is no difference between the placebo-combined exercise group and the supplement group (P=0.273).
Conclusion: The results showed that 12 weeks of resistance-aerobic training and green tea supplementation decrease CRP plasma levels in overweight middle-aged men. One of the important inflammatory markers that can be detected in the detection of inflammation in many diseases is the basal levels of C-reactive protein. Researches have shown that blood levels of basal levels of C-reactive protein are associated with obesity, which is due to the higher secretion of this factor from fat tissue. Also, increased basal levels of C-reactive protein are associated with sarcopenia. Research has shown that decreased motor performance, decreased strength and muscle mass are inversely related to increased baseline levels of C-reactive protein (Hammer et al. 2009). Probably, one of the mechanisms of reducing the levels of C-reactive protein following aerobic and resistance training is the reduction of fat mass. In confirmation of this matter; Brenner et al. (2009) confirmed that exercise increases muscle mass and decreases fat mass by increasing protein synthesis in muscles and increasing basal metabolism (Brenner et al. 2009). Probably, other mechanisms that aerobic and resistance sports activities led to the reduction of CRP levels include; Reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, reducing leptin, increasing insulin sensitivity and improving endothelial function (Haqiqi et al., 2010). On the other hand, green tea contains the most important catechin called EGCG, which has strong antioxidant properties and is considered an anti-inflammatory antioxidant. Some studies reported that green tea was able to reduce CRP levels.