Volume 29, Issue 5 (8-2022)
RJMS 2022, 29(5): 198-208 |
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Research code: 01
Ethics code: IR.IAU.SARI.REC.1403.206
Clinical trials code: 01
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Zarreparvar Tali M, Norouzi F, Adhami A. Sociological Investigation of the Effect of Economic Capital and Social Capital on the Social Vitality of Women (Study of Women in Tehran). RJMS 2022; 29 (5) :198-208
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8748-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8748-en.html
assistant professor and member of the academic staff of the Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran , faizollah_nouroozi@yahoo.com
Abstract: (230 Views)
Background & Aims: According to many experts in the field of sociology, social vitality is considered one of the basic prerequisites and the axis of socio-economic development to achieve a healthy and dynamic society. As a result of favorable social, political, economic, and cultural conditions of the society, vitality stimulates useful human activities, strengthens creativity; Facilitates social relations; Promotes political-social participation; It provides reasons for maintaining emotional, mental, and physical health and hope. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to sociologically investigate the effect of economic capital and social capital on the social vitality of women (study of Tehran women).
Methods: This research is descriptive-explanatory. According to the type of data collection, the current research is a survey research and the unit of analysis is female citizens of Tehran. In terms of time criteria, it is also considered cross-sectional research that took place at one time and examines the reality in one period, i.e. in the second half of the year 2022, and finally, considering that it seeks to know and help to solve a problem. It is social and is placed in the category of applied research. The statistical population of this research is all the women of Tehran. Tehran city has 22 districts and 123 districts. According to the latest census of Iran Statistics Center in 2015, the population of Tehran is estimated at 8,679,936 people, of which 4,364,470 million people are women. Therefore, the statistical population of this research is 4364740 people. Considering the size of the statistical population and using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 384 people is considered to be a relatively good representative of the statistical population. In this research, the multi-stage cluster probability sampling method was used to select the study subject. In this research, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure the research components. Considering that the research method in this research is the survey method, therefore, the main tool used in this research to collect data is the "questionnaire". After designing the questionnaire, the questionnaires were given to the statistical community according to the sample size, and their opinions were obtained. In this research, in addition to descriptive statistics, inferential statistics have also been used to analyze information. In inferential statistics, regression analysis and F test were used. In addition, to determine the path of influence of independent variables (social capital and economic capital) and contextual variables (age, education, social origin, marital status, and employment status) and their effect on the dependent variable (social vitality) from the path analysis test.
Results: Based on the results obtained from the regression test regarding the effect of economic capital on social vitality, since the significance level of 0.182 was obtained and this number was greater than 0.05, therefore, economic capital does not have a significant effect on social vitality. Economic capital includes two dimensions of income and ownership of movable and immovable property, which is one of its significant dimensions and will be discussed in its place. Based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the level of significance is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, therefore social capital has a significant effect on social vitality. The regression correlation coefficient was equal to 0.473 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.223. According to the coefficient of determination, social capital explains about 22% of changes in social vitality. Regarding the effect of income on social well-being, based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level was 0.000 and this number was less than 0.05, therefore, the amount of income has a significant effect on social well-being. The regression correlation coefficient was equal to 0.337 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.113. According to the coefficient of determination, women's income explains 11% of changes in social well-being. As can be seen, while economic capital (the sum of people's income and ownership of movable and immovable property) did not have a significant effect on social well-being, the income part of this variable had a significant effect on increasing women's well-being. Regarding the effect of ownership of movable and immovable property on social vitality based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level obtained is equal to 0.191 and this number is greater than 0.05, therefore ownership of movable property and Immovable property does not have a significant impact on social vitality. Therefore, unlike income, women's ownership of movable and immovable property does not affect their social well-being. Regarding the effect of social cohesion (as one of the important dimensions of the social capital variable) on social vitality, based on the results obtained from the regression test since the significance level was 0.000 and this number was less than 0.05. Therefore, social cohesion has a significant effect on social vitality. The regression coefficient was equal to 0.266 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.071. Regarding the effect of participation (as another dimension of social capital) on social vitality based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, therefore social participation has an effect It has significance on social vitality. Regarding the effect of social trust (as an important dimension of social capital) on social vitality, based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the level of significance obtained is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, so social trust has a significant effect on social happiness.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that economic capital (the sum of individual income and movable and immovable property) did not have a significant effect on social happiness, but the income part of this variable had a significant effect. Contrary to income, women's ownership of movable and immovable property does not affect their social well-being. This may be because happiness is a feeling in people's time and present, and income is also available to people, and it can be used in any way, it affects their happiness, but because the ownership of movable and immovable property is more about investment and foresight. And it has less ability to be used instantly, therefore it does not affect the current situation of women. Also, based on the findings of the research regarding the distribution of women's benefits from social capital indicators (trust, cohesion, social participation) according to the three zoning of the city areas, women living in the modern zone of Tehran are from the highest level. They have social capital (trust, cohesion, social participation).
Methods: This research is descriptive-explanatory. According to the type of data collection, the current research is a survey research and the unit of analysis is female citizens of Tehran. In terms of time criteria, it is also considered cross-sectional research that took place at one time and examines the reality in one period, i.e. in the second half of the year 2022, and finally, considering that it seeks to know and help to solve a problem. It is social and is placed in the category of applied research. The statistical population of this research is all the women of Tehran. Tehran city has 22 districts and 123 districts. According to the latest census of Iran Statistics Center in 2015, the population of Tehran is estimated at 8,679,936 people, of which 4,364,470 million people are women. Therefore, the statistical population of this research is 4364740 people. Considering the size of the statistical population and using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 384 people is considered to be a relatively good representative of the statistical population. In this research, the multi-stage cluster probability sampling method was used to select the study subject. In this research, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure the research components. Considering that the research method in this research is the survey method, therefore, the main tool used in this research to collect data is the "questionnaire". After designing the questionnaire, the questionnaires were given to the statistical community according to the sample size, and their opinions were obtained. In this research, in addition to descriptive statistics, inferential statistics have also been used to analyze information. In inferential statistics, regression analysis and F test were used. In addition, to determine the path of influence of independent variables (social capital and economic capital) and contextual variables (age, education, social origin, marital status, and employment status) and their effect on the dependent variable (social vitality) from the path analysis test.
Results: Based on the results obtained from the regression test regarding the effect of economic capital on social vitality, since the significance level of 0.182 was obtained and this number was greater than 0.05, therefore, economic capital does not have a significant effect on social vitality. Economic capital includes two dimensions of income and ownership of movable and immovable property, which is one of its significant dimensions and will be discussed in its place. Based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the level of significance is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, therefore social capital has a significant effect on social vitality. The regression correlation coefficient was equal to 0.473 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.223. According to the coefficient of determination, social capital explains about 22% of changes in social vitality. Regarding the effect of income on social well-being, based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level was 0.000 and this number was less than 0.05, therefore, the amount of income has a significant effect on social well-being. The regression correlation coefficient was equal to 0.337 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.113. According to the coefficient of determination, women's income explains 11% of changes in social well-being. As can be seen, while economic capital (the sum of people's income and ownership of movable and immovable property) did not have a significant effect on social well-being, the income part of this variable had a significant effect on increasing women's well-being. Regarding the effect of ownership of movable and immovable property on social vitality based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level obtained is equal to 0.191 and this number is greater than 0.05, therefore ownership of movable property and Immovable property does not have a significant impact on social vitality. Therefore, unlike income, women's ownership of movable and immovable property does not affect their social well-being. Regarding the effect of social cohesion (as one of the important dimensions of the social capital variable) on social vitality, based on the results obtained from the regression test since the significance level was 0.000 and this number was less than 0.05. Therefore, social cohesion has a significant effect on social vitality. The regression coefficient was equal to 0.266 and the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.071. Regarding the effect of participation (as another dimension of social capital) on social vitality based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the significance level is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, therefore social participation has an effect It has significance on social vitality. Regarding the effect of social trust (as an important dimension of social capital) on social vitality, based on the results obtained from the regression test, since the level of significance obtained is equal to 0.000 and this number is less than 0.05, so social trust has a significant effect on social happiness.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that economic capital (the sum of individual income and movable and immovable property) did not have a significant effect on social happiness, but the income part of this variable had a significant effect. Contrary to income, women's ownership of movable and immovable property does not affect their social well-being. This may be because happiness is a feeling in people's time and present, and income is also available to people, and it can be used in any way, it affects their happiness, but because the ownership of movable and immovable property is more about investment and foresight. And it has less ability to be used instantly, therefore it does not affect the current situation of women. Also, based on the findings of the research regarding the distribution of women's benefits from social capital indicators (trust, cohesion, social participation) according to the three zoning of the city areas, women living in the modern zone of Tehran are from the highest level. They have social capital (trust, cohesion, social participation).
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Clinical Psychiatry
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