Volume 30, Issue 7 (10-2023)
RJMS 2023, 30(7): 1-13 |
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Research code: 0
Ethics code: IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1402.033
Clinical trials code: 0
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Ershadi Manesh S, Ghorbaninejad F. Structural Pattern of Adaptive/Non-Adaptive Schemas with Adolescents' Self-Injury Behavior with Borderline Personality Traits Based on Mediating Role of Distress Tolerance. RJMS 2023; 30 (7) :1-13
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8452-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8452-en.html
Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran , sue.ershadi@gmail.com
Abstract: (560 Views)
Background & Aims: Emerging research shows the relationship between maladaptive schemas and self- Injury behaviors in adolescents. The results of the studies also highlight the importance of conceptualizing self-destructive behavior in terms of motivational performance and distinguishing between the types of its interpersonal and interpersonal functions. The aim of this study was to construct adaptive / non-adaptive schemas with self-injury behavior of adolescents with borderline personality traits based on the mediating role of distress tolerance.
Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study is all the second high school students in Tehran in the academic year of 1402-1401. In this study, 316 students from 1325 students with borderline personality traits were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using non-suicidal self-injury behavior questionnaire (Klonsky & Glenn, 2009), emotional schemas (Leahy, 2002) and distress tolerance questionnaire (Simons, & Gaher, 2005). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and structural modeling using SPSS and AMOS software. The findings indicate that the proposed model is fitted with the data.
Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that 37% of the changes related to distress tolerance are explained by adaptive and non-adaptive schemas. Also, 82% of changes related to adolescents' self-injury behavior are explained by adaptive and non-adaptive schemas. In this study, we investigated the distinct patterns in relation between adaptive / non-adaptive schemas and self-destructive behavior functions among adolescents with borderline personality traits.
Conclusion: The present study was conducted with the aim of structural pattern of adaptive/non-adaptive schemas with self-injurious behavior of teenagers with borderline personality traits based on the mediator role of distress tolerance. The results of structural equation modeling showed that adaptive schemas have a direct and negative effect on adolescent self-injury. Also, adaptive emotional schemas have an indirect negative effect on adolescent self-injury through distress tolerance. These findings are consistent with the results of other studies, for example (Nigol et al., 2022; Pilginton et al., 2023). Also, the results of this research with the study of Khaleghi et al. (2021) that there is a significant correlation between emotional schemas with suicidal thoughts, self-injurious behaviors, and suicidal behaviors. Among the research variables, rumination and invalidation played an important role in predicting self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and behavior. Nigol et al. (2021) in a research aimed at the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and the functions of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in young people showed that instability/rejection and entitlement schemas significantly predict the intra-individual functions of self-injurious behavior. They do, In contrast, insufficient self-control significantly predicted interpersonal functions. Deficiency/shame and entitlement predicted non-suicidal self-injury. In explaining these results, it can be said that teenagers who have problems in emotional processing and when faced with situations and events that activate non-adaptive emotional schemas in them (including guilt, rumination, blaming others, numbness, and excessive rationality leading to inflexibility) due to low emotional activation level, easily triggered by an insignificant threshold stimulus, and emotional processing in this way, contexts or events that give rise to vulnerability-related schemas bring or cause subsequent abnormal emotional responses (Khalaghi, 2021), therefore these people are more prone to self-injurious behavior, so the event along with the activation of emotional schemas provides the ground for emotional arousal, which requires It has relief, so the teenager engages in self-harm or self-injury behaviors to relieve this emotional pain. Which provides the ground for emotional suffering and the inability to manage emotions. Therefore, people with adaptive schemas, because they know that their emotions are dependent on the situation, these emotions are fleeting, they can regulate them using emotional regulation strategies such as identification, naming, and emotional expression, but people with Maladaptive schemas use negative emotions as a relief. On the other hand, if a person believes that others accept his emotions (validation of emotions), his emotions have meaning and meaning (understandability), or if he has superior values in life that can tolerate unpleasant emotions. Tolerating (beneficial resentment) will try to accept them instead of trying to suppress them, and in this way, the probability of using emotional regulation strategies such as self-injury and self-mutilation will decrease. The results of this study show how adaptive and non-adaptive schemas can help to understand the motivations of self- Injury behaviors and can help medical and educational centers assess the risk of self-harm in adolescents and develop programs for prevention and treatment.
Keywords: Emotional Schemas, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior, Distress Tolerance, Borderline Personality Disorder, Adolescents
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Clinical Psychiatry
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