| Background: In addition to its jurisprudential and legal dimensions, abortion may be associated with psychological consequences for women, families, and even healthcare professionals. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide a jurisprudential–ethical analysis of abortion and its mental health consequences from a medical sciences perspective. Methods: This study was conducted using a descriptive–analytical method and an interdisciplinary approach. It sought to elucidate the relationship between the jurisprudential ruling on abortion in Imami (Ja'fari) jurisprudence, the ethical evaluation of abortion as a human act, and its mental health consequences- including depression, anxiety, grief, guilt, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)- drawing upon the existing literature in medical and health sciences. Results: The findings indicate that the psychological outcomes of abortion are influenced by multiple contextual factors, including whether the pregnancy was intended or unintended, social pressures, religious beliefs, family support, medical circumstances, and a prior history of mental health disorders. Consequently, a uniform clinical policy or recommendation cannot adequately address all cases. Conclusion: Overall, it is recommended that, alongside clarification of religious rulings and legal regulations, psychological–spiritual supportive interventions and structured pre- and post-abortion counseling protocols be developed and implemented within healthcare settings. |