Research code: 4537/02/31/01
Ethics code: IR.SSRC.REC.1398.005
Clinical trials code: IRCT20191020045170N1
Aylar Birar 
, Roghayyeh Afroundeh , Mehdi Namaki , Alireza Shafeei , Fereshteh Taherkhani , Marjan Mansooridara
, Roghayyeh Afroundeh , Mehdi Namaki , Alireza Shafeei , Fereshteh Taherkhani , Marjan Mansooridara
Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University , mrj.md@yahoo.com
Abstract: (478 Views)
- Introduction
Obesity increases the risk of various diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular diseases and some cancers (1). The reports of the World Health Organization show that the occurrence of 4 million deaths per year may be directly related to overweight or obesity (1). Obesity is a low-grade chronic inflammatory condition that is closely related to atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance (4). Also, thermodynamically, obesity is the result of the relationship between more energy intake and less energy consumption. Therefore, finding ways to increase energy expenditure may help fight obesity. Ellagic acid (EA) is one of the types of polyphenols in which the strong hydrogen bond network acts as an electron acceptor, which enables it to participate in a number of reactions. This polyphenol is found naturally in many fruits and vegetables, including strawberries, red raspberries, pomegranates, and grapes (11). EA can reduce the symptoms of chronic diseases such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and NAFLD (12). Most of the conducted studies showed that in addition to saving time, HIIT compared to MICT leads to more weight loss, especially visceral fat mass and more improvement in metabolic profile and cardiorespiratory health in obese people (17, 18). Previous researches did not examine pro-inflammatory factors and due to the lack of clinical studies on the effects of EA supplementation on metabolic diseases and the lack of studies on the simultaneous effect of HIIT and antioxidant supplements on the immune system status of people. increasing obesity in Iranian women due to lifestyle and diets, the current research tries to answer the question of whether doing intense intermittent exercise and supplementing with ellagic acid at the same time has an effect on the inflammatory status of overweight and obese women.
- Methods
This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial on overweight and obese women who were randomly assigned to four different groups: HIIT, EA supplement, EA+HIIT and control group. The statistical population of the present study was obese and overweight women in Tehran, and the participants was 56 people. Inactive women (those who do not do enough moderate to vigorous physical activity during the week), people with BMI≥25 kg/m2, people with no history of taking supplements or anti-inflammatory drugs, and people with minimal weight changes in one year. The latter were invited to this study. Exclusion criteria also include women with cognitive impairment, acute phase inflammatory diseases, cancer history in the last 5 years, users of immune system enhancing drugs, having fractures or joint problems of the lower body in the last six months, having a disease. Nervous people or people participating in regular sports programs.
To check the biochemical variable, before starting the 12-week program, 5 cc of brachial vein blood was taken from each subject in a 12-hour fasting state (between 07:00-08:00). After the initial blood sampling, the intervention groups implemented the selected protocols for 12 weeks. Then, two days after the last training session and taking the supplement, exactly the same as the pre-test period, blood sampling was done to measure TNF-α and IL-6 plasma levels. The training protocol and supplement intake both lasted for 12 weeks. In general, they performed the training protocol 3 times a week in 4 steps of 4-minute interval running at 85-95% HRpeak, which is accompanied by 3 minutes of walking at 50-60% HRpeak and 7 minutes of rest. In the first 3 weeks of training, 4 minutes of running at a lower range (85% HRpeak) of training intensity was performed. The speed of running until the training intensity reached 90% of HRpeak was performed in the fourth and fifth weeks, and in the sixth week it increased to above 95% of HRpeak. The final running speed and intensity did not change in the following weeks of training (30). Also, the subjects of the EA supplement group and the EA+HIIT group randomly received 50 mg of EA (once a day in the morning) or placebo (cellulose) (31).
In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used using SPSS 22 software. Mean and standard deviation were used to describe the collected data and inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data distribution, and the Lune test was used to determine the equality of the data distribution. In order to test the hypothesis of the effect of HIIT along with EA on the serum levels of biochemical factors (IL-6 and TNF-α), one-variable analysis of covariance and post hoc Bonferroni tests were used to compare changes between groups. The power of the test was calculated using G*power 3.0 software, which was at least 0.90 in different comparisons. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
To check the biochemical variable, before starting the 12-week program, 5 cc of brachial vein blood was taken from each subject in a 12-hour fasting state (between 07:00-08:00). After the initial blood sampling, the intervention groups implemented the selected protocols for 12 weeks. Then, two days after the last training session and taking the supplement, exactly the same as the pre-test period, blood sampling was done to measure TNF-α and IL-6 plasma levels. The training protocol and supplement intake both lasted for 12 weeks. In general, they performed the training protocol 3 times a week in 4 steps of 4-minute interval running at 85-95% HRpeak, which is accompanied by 3 minutes of walking at 50-60% HRpeak and 7 minutes of rest. In the first 3 weeks of training, 4 minutes of running at a lower range (85% HRpeak) of training intensity was performed. The speed of running until the training intensity reached 90% of HRpeak was performed in the fourth and fifth weeks, and in the sixth week it increased to above 95% of HRpeak. The final running speed and intensity did not change in the following weeks of training (30). Also, the subjects of the EA supplement group and the EA+HIIT group randomly received 50 mg of EA (once a day in the morning) or placebo (cellulose) (31).
In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used using SPSS 22 software. Mean and standard deviation were used to describe the collected data and inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data distribution, and the Lune test was used to determine the equality of the data distribution. In order to test the hypothesis of the effect of HIIT along with EA on the serum levels of biochemical factors (IL-6 and TNF-α), one-variable analysis of covariance and post hoc Bonferroni tests were used to compare changes between groups. The power of the test was calculated using G*power 3.0 software, which was at least 0.90 in different comparisons. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
- Result
The result of univariate analysis of covariance shows that after 12 weeks of EA+HIIT, there was a significant difference in TNF-α level with a significance of 0.0001 and an effect size of 0.66. The results of the Bonferroni test showed that between the two groups "EA+HIIT" and "EA", between the two groups "EA+HIIT" and "PLA" (P=0.0001), between the two groups "HIIT" and "EA" (045 There is a significant difference between the two groups "HIIT" and "PLA" (P=0.0001) in TNF-α variable of obese women. The results showed that after 12 weeks of EA+HIIT with a significance of 0.0001 and an effect size of 0.399, there was a significant difference in the level of IL-6. The results of the inference test showed that there was a correlation between the two groups "EA+HIIT" and "EA" (P=0.003), between the two groups "EA+HIIT" and "PLA" (P=0.019), between the two groups "HIIT" " and "EA" (P=0.006) and between the two groups "HIIT" and "PLA" (P=0.038) there is a significant difference in TNF-α variable of obese women.
- Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that a 12-week period of intense interval training with ellagic acid supplementation has a significant effect on the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in obese and overweight women. This study was conducted for the first time to investigate the synergistic effect of HIIT and ellagic acid consumption on inflammatory status in obese women. In general, the results of this study showed that 12 weeks of HIIT activity with the addition of EA (50 mg/day) decreased the activity of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α and generally improved the inflammatory condition in these people. He gets fat. These results confirm the evidence that the antioxidant group of polyphenols and exercise can play an important role in controlling weight and obesity by reducing the complications of obesity. However, more studies are needed to provide sufficient evidence.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Exercise Physiology
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