Volume 31, Issue 1 (3-2024)
RJMS 2024, 31(1): 1-9 |
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Research code: 01
Ethics code: IR.SSRC.REC.1402.228
Clinical trials code: 01
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Fashi H, Nouri Habashi A, Soroush A, Tolouei Azar J. The Effect of a Cardiac Rehabilitation Training Course on Serum Levels of Galectin-3 in Cardiac Patients (CABG and PCI). RJMS 2024; 31 (1) :1-9
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8462-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-8462-en.html
Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran , Akbarnori52@gmail.com
Abstract: (242 Views)
Background & Aims: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the common diseases and one of the major causes of death in the world, which in addition to imposing high costs, reduces the quality of life in society. The most common treatment for coronary disease is coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), during which the coronary artery is blocked by grafting veins that are usually removed from the leg, between the part before the stenosis and the part after the stenosis. It creates a sub-way to increase the blood flow to the blood-deficient area and try to establish reperfusion in the coronary artery. Also, today, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is widely used in the world, which improves the survival rate and quality of life in patients with coronary problems, especially in people with chest pain or heart infarction. Gives Inflammation and factors such as genetics, nutrition, lifestyle, and psychological issues can affect this disease. One of the most important common diseases in the world is cardiovascular disease, by knowing the mechanism of cardiac markers such as galectin-3, can help reduce the level of this disease, and among the therapeutic strategies for the rehabilitation of heart diseases- Vascular, sports, and exercise programs. The effect of moderate-intensity exercise on serum levels of galectin-3 (GAL-3) in these patients remains unknown. Although studies have been conducted on the effects of physical activity on various factors related to heart disease, because no research was found on the effect of physical activity on these factors in a sample of these patients, and the results obtained in this field are both contradictory, therefore, the effect of regular aerobic activity on Gal-3 concentration in these cardiac patients remains unknown. Therefore, the research seeks to answer this question, does a period of moderate-intensity aerobic training have a significant effect on the goal of helping to clarify the serum concentration of galectin-3 factor in heart patients (CABG and PCI)?
Methods: This research was carried out with the available sampling method and it is a semi-experimental type, which was approved by the Research Institute of Physical Education and Sports Sciences with the Code of Ethics IR.SSRC.REC.1402.228. In this study, 30 men with heart disease who underwent surgery (CABG or PCI) participated. These people were referred to the prevention and cardiac rehabilitation department of Imam Ali (AS) Heart Research, Training and Specialized Treatment Center in Kermanshah. By completing the written consent to participate in the research and after clinical examinations under the supervision of a sports medicine specialist, their height, weight, and age information was recorded and they were placed in two training groups (15 people) and control (15 people). The exercise group did aerobic activity with moderate intensity on the treadmill for 3 sessions each week and 45 minutes each session, and the control group had only daily activities and daily medical care during this period. Galectin-3 protein serum levels were measured in the pre-test and post-test stages. To analyze the data, dependent t-test and independent t-test were used using spss version 20 statistical software.
Results: Examining the changes within the group showed that in the training group, the serum levels of galectin-3 in the post-test stage had a significant decrease compared to the pre-test (p<0.001), while no significant changes were observed in the control group (617/ p=0), also the examination of inter-group changes showed that the serum levels of galectin-3 in the post-test phase were also significant compared to the control group (p=0.008).
Conclusion: Our findings in this study first indicated that galectin-3 levels were high in heart patients who underwent percutaneous intervention (PCI) and bypass surgery (CABG). Which seems to be caused by the conditions of surgery, medical interventions, and psychological conditions after the operation, which may be part of the inflammatory response caused by the disease or the anti-inflammatory regulation against the disease. After eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, the serum levels of galectin-3 in these patients significantly decreased compared to the control group, which seems to show that this recovery is after performing a period of regular physical activity related to Neuro-hormonal factors and from the way of strengthening the anti-diabetic defense and modulating the respiratory pressure, which further limits inflammation and fibrosis. Considering that it has been determined that the increase in the serum levels of this factor is related to the increase in the risk of heart disease in people with heart disease. Therefore, the reduction of galectin-3 levels with the intervention of moderate-intensity aerobic exercises can be a confirmation of the ability of these physical activities to help prevent the progression of the disease and reduce the complications caused by heart disease in this individual. The general results of the studies that we had access to indicate the important point that the increase in the level of galectin-3 in heart patients worsens the condition of these patients, and also in the descriptive studies the relationship between the serum levels of galectin-3 and the increase Cardiac dysfunction has been observed in heart patients. But at the same time, although there are reports that intense sports activity can increase the serum levels of galectin-3, nevertheless, it seems that the intensity of the activity has a significant effect on increasing the levels of galectin-3, so that activity with High intensity can increase the levels of this biomarker. Based on the findings of this study, the serum levels of galectin-3 in heart patients undergoing (CABG and PCI) decreased after a period of moderate-intensity cardiac rehabilitation exercises, so the use of moderate-intensity cardiac rehabilitation exercises can be a solution to improve the disease.
Methods: This research was carried out with the available sampling method and it is a semi-experimental type, which was approved by the Research Institute of Physical Education and Sports Sciences with the Code of Ethics IR.SSRC.REC.1402.228. In this study, 30 men with heart disease who underwent surgery (CABG or PCI) participated. These people were referred to the prevention and cardiac rehabilitation department of Imam Ali (AS) Heart Research, Training and Specialized Treatment Center in Kermanshah. By completing the written consent to participate in the research and after clinical examinations under the supervision of a sports medicine specialist, their height, weight, and age information was recorded and they were placed in two training groups (15 people) and control (15 people). The exercise group did aerobic activity with moderate intensity on the treadmill for 3 sessions each week and 45 minutes each session, and the control group had only daily activities and daily medical care during this period. Galectin-3 protein serum levels were measured in the pre-test and post-test stages. To analyze the data, dependent t-test and independent t-test were used using spss version 20 statistical software.
Results: Examining the changes within the group showed that in the training group, the serum levels of galectin-3 in the post-test stage had a significant decrease compared to the pre-test (p<0.001), while no significant changes were observed in the control group (617/ p=0), also the examination of inter-group changes showed that the serum levels of galectin-3 in the post-test phase were also significant compared to the control group (p=0.008).
Conclusion: Our findings in this study first indicated that galectin-3 levels were high in heart patients who underwent percutaneous intervention (PCI) and bypass surgery (CABG). Which seems to be caused by the conditions of surgery, medical interventions, and psychological conditions after the operation, which may be part of the inflammatory response caused by the disease or the anti-inflammatory regulation against the disease. After eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, the serum levels of galectin-3 in these patients significantly decreased compared to the control group, which seems to show that this recovery is after performing a period of regular physical activity related to Neuro-hormonal factors and from the way of strengthening the anti-diabetic defense and modulating the respiratory pressure, which further limits inflammation and fibrosis. Considering that it has been determined that the increase in the serum levels of this factor is related to the increase in the risk of heart disease in people with heart disease. Therefore, the reduction of galectin-3 levels with the intervention of moderate-intensity aerobic exercises can be a confirmation of the ability of these physical activities to help prevent the progression of the disease and reduce the complications caused by heart disease in this individual. The general results of the studies that we had access to indicate the important point that the increase in the level of galectin-3 in heart patients worsens the condition of these patients, and also in the descriptive studies the relationship between the serum levels of galectin-3 and the increase Cardiac dysfunction has been observed in heart patients. But at the same time, although there are reports that intense sports activity can increase the serum levels of galectin-3, nevertheless, it seems that the intensity of the activity has a significant effect on increasing the levels of galectin-3, so that activity with High intensity can increase the levels of this biomarker. Based on the findings of this study, the serum levels of galectin-3 in heart patients undergoing (CABG and PCI) decreased after a period of moderate-intensity cardiac rehabilitation exercises, so the use of moderate-intensity cardiac rehabilitation exercises can be a solution to improve the disease.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Exercise Physiology
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