Showing 52 results for Type 2 Diabetes
Seyed Mojtaba Seid, Ali Akbarnezhad, Rahman Soori, Ali Rajabi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: the current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic and improving effects of oral consumption of grape seed extract (Viis vinifera) with and without aerobic exercise on the some of the most important cardiovascular and metabolic parameters levels in obese middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: 36 women with diabetes as the available sample were purposefully selected and randomly divided into four groups (9 people in each group): 1) exercise+ grape seed extract supplement, 2) exercise + placebo, 3) supplement of grape seed extract and 4) placebo. Participants performed four weeks’ aerobic training (5 days a week) with an intensity of 65-75% of the reserve heart rate. The supplementations group received one grape seed extract capsule and the placebo group consumed starch powder in capsules (the same color and shape as the grape seed capsules).
Results: The results of dependent t-test showed that levels of glucose, insulin, LDL-C, VCAM-1, ICAM1, CRP and homocysteine were significantly decreased and HDL-C were significantly increased in the post-test compared to the pre-test (P <0.05). A significant decrease in glucose, insulin, LDL-C, VCAM-1, ICAM1, CRP and homocysteine levels and a significant increase in HDL-C levels was observed in the exercise supplement, exercise placebo and supplement groups compared to the placebo group (P <0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that consumption of grape extract as a method of improving cardiovascular and metabolic parameters solely can have a positive effect on the control of diabetes. Although when combined with aerobic training the effect gets better.
Dr Fatemeh Kazeminasab, Mr Ahmad Reza Moien, Dr Mohammad Javad Pourvaghar,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and aim
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic disease of global significance characterized by hyperglycemia. Several risk factors influence T2DM, but obesity has a direct effect on insulin resistance and is of particular importance, with type 2 diabetes increasing linearly with increasing body mass index. Despite the efforts made to manage T2DM, there is a growing need to find better approaches to more effectively control T2DM. Exercise training can increase the expression of FNDC5 in skeletal muscle, which is converted into irisin after exercise and structural changes and is released in the bloodstream ،which can cause the conversion of white fat cells into beige fat cells and increasing the expression of the UCP1 gene, which leads to the induction of thermogenesis and increased energy consumption. It also reduces oxidative stress and reduces pro-inflammatory conditions. Therefore, it can help reduce blood lipids and hyperglycemia in patients with T2DM and slow down the progression of the disease.
Studies report that circulating irisin levels are lower in diabetic patients compared to healthy control subjects. In diabetic patients. That serum irisin levels were significantly lower in these patients. Exercise training is associated with a significant decrease in HbA1C, so that reduces the risk of complications related to diabetes acceptably. All types of exercise increase the level of irisin in the blood circulation in T2DM, and high-intensity exercise increases irisin levels. Along with drug therapy and a healthy diet, it can help to increase the secretion of irisin and, as a result, increase energy consumption. Despite the conducted research, we still need more research in this area due to the newness of the topic of irisin and its relationship with exercise. Also, despite the significant relationship between irisin and glycemic indices in diabetic patients, in meta-analyses, the serum levels of irisin and index are still high. This issue raises questions about the type and extent of the relationship between irisin and glycemic indices in diabetes to help these people.
Materials and methods
A systematic search of English and Persian articles published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Magiran databases was conducted until August 2023. Meta-analysis to investigate the effect of various types of exercise on serum irisin levels and blood glycemic indices (fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)) in T2DM patients compared to the control group (without exercise training) were done. The Mean difference and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random effect model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test, and Risk of bias was evaluated by visual analysis of the funnel plot and Egger's test.
Results
Based on the search in scientific databases until August 2023, 1655 articles were found. After removing duplicate articles (462 articles), and after reviewing the titles and abstracts of the articles, 79 articles were finally selected for full text evaluation, and after reviewing the full text of the articles, 71 articles were excluded from the present study. 26 studies were excluded from the existing study due to lack of control group, 9 studies due to lack of pre-test data and 36 studies due to lack of type 2 diabetes and finally 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis.
The results showed that exercise significantly increased serum irisin [SMD=0.5, P=0.03] and sports training caused a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar [WMD=-20.76 mg/dl, P=0.001], Fasting insulin [WMD=-0.47μU/mL, P=0.01], HOMA-IR [WMD=-0.55 mmHg, P=0.001], HbA1C [WMD=-1.41 mmol/mol, (P=0.001)] compared to the control group in T2DM patients.
Discussion
The purpose of the present meta-analysis is to compare the effect of various types of exercise compared to the control group on irisin and glycemic indices including (fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin). It was conducted in T2DM patients. The results of 8 studies with 315 subjects indicated that exercise training caused a significant increase in serum irisin level, a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C, compared to the control group. T2DM patients. Investigating the effects of exercise on serum irisin and blood glycemic indices in diabetic people is small and the general evidence obtained shows that the effect of various sports exercises on serum irisin levels exercise causes a significant increase in the level of serum irisin compared to the control group. Compared to hypertrophy in non-diabetic people it is inconsistent, which can be due to the decrease in serum irisin in diabetic people and the decrease in muscle volume of these patients, which can have a greater potential to increase muscle volume due to exercises. and despite the positive relationship between muscle volume and irisin levels it causes a more significant increase in irisin serum levels in these people. Also, by examining the intensity of exercise, it was found that high-intensity exercise has a greater effect on serum irisin levels than moderate-intensity exercise in diabetic people.
The intensity and duration of exercise training has a positive relationship with the increase in serum irisin regardless of energy consumption. Considering this issue, in one of the combined intervention studies including two combined groups, Resistance-Aerobic and Aerobic-Resistance, it was investigated that no significant difference was observed in the amount of serum irisin in these two groups, and it seems that in combined exercises, the training sequence has no effect on the concentration of serum irisin. Comparison of the effect of aerobic, resistance and combined exercise on irisin level has resulted in inconsistent results that different measurement kits and sampling conditions and the wide variety of exercise and metabolic conditions of patients such as duration and rate of disease progression can be effective.
Exercise training can play an important role in treating and preventing the development of diabetes in diabetic and prediabetic people. In all the studies that reported HbA1C in the present study, a significant decrease with a high effect size was observed. In aerobic exercises which is probably the result of the reduction of fat tissue, and in resistance training.it is due to the increase in muscle volume and possibly FNDC5. It can be concluded that exercise training is a very effective intervention in controlling the side effects of diabetes and improving metabolic function and glucose removal from the blood.
Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that exercise training is an optimal and suitable method for increasing the serum irisin level and improving glycemic indices, including reducing fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C in type 2 diabetes patients compared to the control group. to be the combination of this type of exercise with drug therapy and a controlled diet creates a clear perspective for the control and treatment of T2DM.
Conflicts of interest: None
Funding: None
Keywords: Exercise training, Type 2 diabetes, Irisin, Insulin resistance
M Firoozrai, S Abasian,
Volume 8, Issue 27 (3-2002)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death among non-insulin dependant diabetic (NIDDM) Patients. One of risk factor for CAD in dyslipidemia. In regards to high prevalence of NIDDM and CAD among our people, in the present study, levels of lipids and lipoproteins in two groups of patients, CAD+/NIDDM+ group and CAD+/NIDDM- group, were evaluated and compared. The study contained 50 NIDDM patients with CAD by coronary angiography (CAD+/NIDDM+ group) and 50 patients with CAD but without NIDDM (CAD+/NIDDM- group). The study also included a control group without CAD and NIDDM (CAD-/NIDDM- group)comprised 30 healthy subjects. The concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride and HDL-c in serum were measured by an enzymatic colorimetric assay using an automated analyzer. Serum lipids and lipoproteins were not significantly different in CAD+/NIDDM+ group as compared to CAD+/NIDDM- group. Serum HDL-c was decreased in CAD+/NIDDM+ group compared to the healthy sabjects (P<0.01). We observed the significant increase in TC/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c ratios in CAD+/NIDDM+ and CAD+/NIDDM- groups compared to healthy subjects. In conclusion, we have shown no significant differences in serum lipids and lipoproteins in diabetic patients with CAD compared to non-diabetic patients with CAD, therefor, dyslipidemia does not appear to be correlated with CAD in diabetic patients. However, serum levels of HDL-c and TC/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c ratios in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with CAD were significantly different compared to those of healthy subjects. These results show the importance of these factors as markers for monitoring the progression of CAD.
M Nojomi, Sh Najmabadi, V Shakiba, D Danayee,
Volume 12, Issue 47 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Diabetes is one the most common non-communicable diseases and a serious health problem in the world. Nowadays, keeping on a specific diet has an important role in type 2 diabetes. One of the basic principles in prevention of complications in these patients is promotion of patients’ knowledge level with regard to treatment method, signs, complications and nutrition. In order to plan nutritional education for diabetic patients, having basic information of their knowledge is necessary. The goal of the present study was to determine knowledge level of type 2 diabetic patients who attended endocrine clinic of Rasoul Hospital.
Method: By a cross-sectional study, 160 known type 2 diabetic patients who had referred to endocrine clinic of Rasoul Hospital were assessed through convenience sampling. Method of collecting data was a questionnaire with 2 parts filled out by interview. In part one, demographic characteristics(age, sex, literacy, duration of disease, ...) and in part two, nutritional knowledge level of patients was studied. SPSS version 11.5 was used for data analysis. Considering score for questions, knowledge with regard to any subgroup of diet and total knowledge as a continuous variable was determined. T-test, correlation, and ANOVA tests were used to compare knowledge score between demographic variables.
Results: In this study, 160 type 2 diabetic patients were studied. About 51%(81 subjects) were women and 49%(79 subjects) were men. Mean of age was 61(±13). 26.3% and 57.5% took insulin and pills respectively. Mean of diabetes duration was 10.5(±6.4) years. 32% did not use any specific diet. Average score of knowledge with regard to types of dietary subgroups was: 15.8 out of 21 for bread and cereals, 14.7 out of 21 for meat, 12.2 out of 20 for dairy products, 11.5 out of 21 for lipids, 11.4 out of 15 for vegetables, 11.2 out of 17 for fruits, and 15.3 out of 21 for others. Overall mean of knowledge was 92(±12) out of 130. There was a significant positive association between nutritional knowledge and literacy. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between age, duration of disease and their knowledge. Patients with family history of diabetes had significantly more knowledge than others.
Conclusion: Nutritional knowledge level of diabetic patients in this study was average. Considering this result, control of diabetes complications with proper education can be useful.
M Firoozrai, F Ghahramanpour, M Karani, I Heidari,
Volume 14, Issue 54 (4-2007)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Diabetes is a heterogenous disease which results from complex reactions among heredity, nutrition and lifestyle. Some studies have shown that a high intake of saturated fatty acids(SFA) increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, while polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) decrease diabetes incidence by increasing insulin affinity to the receptors. In this study, serum fatty acids and adipose tissue composition as a long-term biomarker for fatty acids intake are determined, and their correlation with type 2 diabetes is investigated. Patients & Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which the healthy and the patient groups were compared. The fatty acid composition of fasting serum and adipose tissue was studied in 98 patients with type 2 diabetes and 76 healthy control subjects using gas-liquid chromatography. The serum lipids were measured by autoanalyzer. The means of variables were compared by using Students’ t-test. Results: The percentages of palmitic acid and positional isomer of oleic acid(11c-18:1) in adipose tissue of the patients were higher than the control group(P=0.01, P=0.02 respectively). The percentages of palmitic acid, total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the serum of the patients were higher than the control group too(P=0.001, P=0.006, P=0.02 respectively). Linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids were lower than the control group, however(P=0.02, P=0.02 respectively). Mean concentration of triglyceride in the patients was higher than the control group(t=-6.7, P=0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum PUFAs and cholesterol to HDL ratio in serum and a positive correlation between serum PUFAs and TG in serum. Also, PUFAs in serum had a negative correlation with TG in serum. Conclusion: Large amounts of palmitic acid and 11c-18:1 in adipose tissue may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and it seems that patients with type 2 diabetes can have proper control over lipid parameters by having a higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids.
Seyed Hossein Samedanifard, Soraya Doust Mohammadian, Azam Doust Mohammadian, Esmat Abdollah Pour, Saeedeh Ashrafi, Mitra Kazemi,
Volume 18, Issue 86 (8-2011)
Abstract
Background : Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease. Its association with low level of testosterone has already been shown in many studies. Considering the role of testosterone hormone in impotency, fatigue, and bone mass deficiency this study aimed to investigate the association between serum total testosterone, free testosterone index (FTI), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with type 2 diabetic patients and other factors.
Methods : A cross-sectional, analytic study was conducted on 38 non-diabetic and 36 diabetic men aged 40-60 years old with Body Mass Index (BMI) 18-40 (kg/m2). Fasting serum total testosterone, SHBG, FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar), HbA1C, and other hormone tests were measured at the department of endocrinology, Firouzgar Hospital. The association between serum testosterone level, SHBG, FTI with FBS, HbA1C, BMI, and other factors were separately measured. For quantitative parametric variables, independent sample T test was used. For non-parametric variables, Mann- Whitney test was used. Pearson’s correlation was performed to assess the correlation between quantitative variables.
Results : The mean age of participants was 47.7±5.7 years. Serum total testosterone, FTI, and SHBG had no difference between case and control groups. No significant association was found between good glycemic control (HbA1C<7) and serum testosterone level. However, there was a negative correlation between BMI and age with testosterone level. Mean testosterone level of smokers was significantly lower than non-smokers (p=0.008).FSH (Fasting Stimulating Hormone) in diabetic group was significantly lower (p=0.04).
Conclusion : Our study has shown that there was no relation between serum testosterone level with type 2 diabetes and glycemic control in men.
Azar Tol, Kamal Azam, Sima Esmaeil Shahmirzadi, Davoud Shojaeizadeh, Bahram Mohebbi, Abolghasem Asfia, Hamed Reza Khani,
Volume 19, Issue 98 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background : Diabetes mellitus as a chronic disease is associated with complications and stress. Empowerment as a coping index in health issues can be helpful among diabetic patients. In this study, we aimed to determine empowerment and adoption of self-management behaviors and its related factors among type 2 diabetic patients referring to hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2010.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research conducted during a 9 months period (2010-2011). A total of 688 samples were selected by random sampling. A questionnaire consisting of three parts including socio-demographic and health related data, diabetes empowerment scale (28 items), and diabetes self- management instrument (35 items) was used. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS software version 18 with using parametric and nonparametric tests.
Results: Response rate was 100 %. Mean age of participants was 54.41± 8.22 (Mean ± SD). Study findings showed that empowerment had significant relation between level of education (p=0.006) and age (p=0.009). Self- management and some variables such as age (p < 0.001), level of education (p < 0.001), marital status (p=0.04) and disease duration (p=0.004) had significant relationship. Also, Pearson correlation coefficient showed that empowerment had reverse and linear relation with adoption of self-management behaviors among type 2 diabetic patients. Thus, by increasing empowerment score, adoption of self-management behaviors is increased (r = 0.28, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Regarding to relation between empowerment and adoption of self-management behaviors, focusing on planning empowerment based interventions has been more highlighted. It seems these strategies can be helpful in decreasing complications and mortality.
Reihaneh Darvish Damavandi, Shahryar Eghtesadi, Farzad Shidfar, Iraj Heydari, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani,
Volume 19, Issue 101 (11-2012)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is associated with increased inflammatory biomarkers and decreased paraoxonase-1 activity and total antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hazelnut on hs-CRP, total antioxidant capacity and paraoxonase-1 activity in type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In an 8-week randomized clinical trial, 50 patients were assigned to either the control or intervention groups. Hazelnuts replaced 10% of total daily calorie intake in the intervention group. Blood samples were obtained at the start and at the end of week 8. Dietary data were obtained using 24-dietary recall and were analyzed by Nutritionist IV software. All data were analyzed by SPSS version 15.
Results: Compared with baseline, total antioxidant capacity decreased in both groups, but at the end of the study, there were no statistical differences between two groups. Also, no differences were observed in Fasting blood sugar (FBS), paraoxonase-1 activity and hs-CRP levels.
Conclusion: Hazelnuts consumption had no effect on FBS, hs-CRP, total antioxidant capacity and paraoxonase-1 activity in type 2 diabetic patients.
Basmeh Khoshpey, Farzad Shidfar, Shima Jazayeri, Mojtaba Malek, Agha Fatemeh Hosseini,
Volume 19, Issue 103 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background : Type 2 diabetes melitus (DM) is highly prevalent worldwide. Evidence supports a role for royal jelly in reduction of serum glucose and lipids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of royal jelly intake on serum glucose, HbA1c, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: Fifty patients with type 2 DM participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-weeks study. The patients with type 2 DM were divided randomly into placebo and royal jelly groups of 25 each. Both groups received the treatment for 8 weeks. In royal jelly group participants received three 1000 mg royal jelly capsules daily and placebo group received three 1000 mg placebo capsules daily. Blood samples were taken after 12 hours of fasting at the beginning and the end of the study. Serum glucose, HbA1c, and TAC were evaluated.
Results: Forty six participants completed the study. Royal jelly intake reduced FBS levels (p=0.006) and increased TAC (p=0.016) significantly after 8 weeks compared with placebo. Royal jelly did not affect serum HbA1c levels.
Conclusion : This study shows that royal jelly has some benefits in type 2 diabetic patients.
Azar Tol, Abolghasem Pourreza, Abass Rahimi Foroshani, Elahe Tavassoli,
Volume 19, Issue 104 (2-2013)
Abstract
Background: Health
Literacy is the capacity in which
individuals have to obtain, process, and understand basic health information
and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. Limited health
literacy can reduce adults’ ability to comprehend and adhere treatment plans.
This study was designed and implemented to assess effect of health education on
promoting knowledge and health literacy in women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This randomize clinical trial study, was
conducted among 160 women with type 2 diabetes, in two experimental and control
groups. Tools of current study were a brief form of standard questionnaire
(Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, TOFHLA) and knowledge was
measured by self-administrated questionnaire. Intervention in a form of small
groups, was performed in 6 educational sessions (45-60minuts) in experimental
group. In order to analyzing data, SPSS16 software was used and independent t-
test, Kruskal-Wallis, Whitney U، Wilcoxon, Co-Variation, Chi-square were conducted.
Results: Demographic variables of studied population in
two groups was similar before intervention (p>0.05). Differences between the
scores of Knowledge and Health Literacy in two groups, after and before
intervention, was totally different (after, p<0.001) and (before, p>0/05).
Conclusion: Study findings indicated that education with
small group's strategy in experimental group, in comparison with current
education is effective.
Davoud Shojaeezadeh, Azar Tol, Gholamreza Sharifirad, Fatemeh Alhani,
Volume 20, Issue 107 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background: Patient empowerment is considered as an effective paradigm in self- care education and behavior change in diabetes care. This study examined the impact of pre, immediately and a-3 months, empowerment –based diabetes education in promoting self-care behaviors in type 2 diabetic patients in Isfahan city.
Methods : This randomized control trial enrolled 140 adults with type 2 diabetes. Baseline, immediately and 3 –months assessments measured self-care behaviors. In intervention group, participants received educational plan based on empowerment theory and control group received current education plan in the diabetes center. Patients in intervention group attended in five groups with 14 patients during 2 months intervention with group problem solving and peer support strategies based on empowerment theory constructs. Each scale was performed based on study goals in post-tests separately. Collected data was analyzed using SSPSS software 11.5 version with statistical tests.
Results: The two groups did not differ statistically in the demographic variations (p>0.05). Self-care difference was statistically significant in the case group however in the control group and between the two compared groups it was not significant (p>0.05). Self-care behaviors in total and some subscales such as nutrition (p=0.03), and physical activity (p>0.001) showed significant association in intervention group. Self-monitoring, adherence to treatment and inspection of foot had significant association in intervention group (p>0.001), but there was no significant association within two groups (p>0.05). Smoking had a significant association in intervention group (p=0.03).
Conclusions: Findings suggest that an empowerment based educational program is promising for improving and maintaining certain self-care subscales.
Tahereh Arablou, Naheed Aryaeian, Majid Valizadeh, Aghafatemeh Hosseini, Mahmoud Djalali,
Volume 21, Issue 118 (4-2014)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of ginger consumption on some cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods : This is a double- blind, placebo controlled clinical trial. Seventy type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled. They allocated randomly in to ginger group (n=35) and control group (n=35). They consumed 1600 mg powdered ginger versus 1600 mg wheat flour placebo (2 capsule 800 mg daily) daily for 12 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-c and HDL-c, C-reactive protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference were measured before and after intervention.
Results: Sixty three patients were analyzed: Ginger group (n=33) and control group (n=30). Ginger reduced fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and C-reactive protein, significantly (p<0.05), compared with placebo group. However there were no significant differences in HDL-c and LDL-c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference between two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Ginger reduced fasting plasma glucose, some fractions of lipid profile and C-reactive protein in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore ginger can be considered as an effective treatment for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.
Marjan Ghaneh Basiri, Gity Sotodeh, Mahmood Jalali, Mohammad Reza Eshraghian, Neda Noorshahi, Masoomeh Rafiee, Ronak Nikbazm, Zeinab Karimi, Fariba Koohdani,
Volume 21, Issue 125 (11-2014)
Abstract
Introduction: Few
studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns, general and
central obesity in type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this study is to
determine this relation among type 2 diabetic patients living in Tehran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study,
728 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Tehran diabetes centers were
participated. Usual dietary intake was assessed by using a validated
semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) during the last year.
General obesity was defined as a BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2
and central obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≤ 88 in women and WC≤ 102
in men. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. The
association between dietary patterns and different types of obesity were
assessed by logistic regression analysis.
Findings: Two
maijor dietary patterns were identified: Healthy and Unhealthy dietary pattern.
After adjustment for confounding variables, we observed a relative risk of 3.2
(OR=3.2, 95% CI=1.7-5.8) and 1.8 (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.05-3) for general and
central obesity when comparing the highest to lowest quintiles of the unhealthy
dietary pattern, while subjects in the highest quintile of the healthy dietary
pattern scores, had a 56% decreased risk of general obesity compared to those
in the lowest (OR=0.44, 95% CI= 0.25-0.76).
Conclusion: The
result of this study indicate that healthy dietary pattern was inversly
associated with a risk of general obesity and unhealthy dietary pattern was
positively associated with general and central obesity risk.
Neda Nourshahi, Zeinab Karimi, Marjan Ghane Basiri, Ronak Nikbazm, Masoomeh Rafiei, Mahmoud Jalali, Mohammad Reza Eshraghian, Giti Sotoudeh, Fariba Koohdani,
Volume 21, Issue 128 (2-2015)
Abstract
Background: The effects of a food or nutrient on disease may be small alone, but the cumulative effect is detectable. A healthy dietary pattern can reduces dyslipidemia risk and the associated disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine this relationship in type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods: A total of 740 diabetic patients (A: 35- 65y) participated in this cross sectional study performed in Tehran. Personal, anthropometric and physical activity data were collected. Food intake of last year was collected using validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Logistic regression test was utilized to determine odds ratio of dislipidemia in relation to dietary patterns.
Results: Two major dietary patterns were identified: healthy dietary pattern (high intake of vegetables, cabbages, tomatoes, fruits, fish, olives, nuts) and unhealthy dietary pattern (high intake of sugar, refined grains, soft drinks, sweets and desserts, industrial juices, , high-fat dairy products, butter, processed meat, eggs and snacks). After confounder adjustment, healthy dietary pattern reduced odds for hypertriglyceridemia by 49%. Also the chance of high level of HDL-c in the highest quartile of healthy dietary pattern was 2.4 times higher than those in the lowest. The chance of hypercholesterolemia in those with highest score of unhealthy food pattern was 3.5 times higher comparing to the lowest score.
Conclusion: It seems diabetic patients need a comprehensive applicable food pattern, recommended as food guidelines, in order to reduce dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease complications.
Hadiseh Farahandi, Bahram Mohebbi, Azar Tol, Roya Sadeghi, Keramat Nori Jaliani,
Volume 22, Issue 131 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background:
Hypertension increases the risk of macrovascular complications and is one of
the most important and common problems among patients with diabetes. This study
aimed at assessing the impacts of blended educational intervention program on
decreasing blood pressure and HbA1c among patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Methods: Two hundred
patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension were randomized in an
educational intervention study in two groups in 2013-2014. The intervention
group attended in a six sixty minutes educational sessions including lecturing,
group discussion educational film for intervention group, in addition to the
regular care presented for both groups. To collect information about
demographic characteristics, diabetes related variables, a self-designed
questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using X2, independent t-
test and paired t test through SPSS v. 16. A p value of less than 0.05 was
considered as statistically significant.
Results: Blood pressure and HbA1c had no
significant relation in both groups (p>0.05). Paired t- test revealed blood
pressure (p<0.001) and HbA1c (p<0.001) before and after educational
program had significant relation in intervention group. Also, after a six-month
educational program, blood pressure (p=0.54) and HbA1c (p=0.83) had not
significant association in control group.
Conclusion: It seems that educational program can be effective
on decreasing high blood pressure among type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore,
implementation of educational program in diabetes clinic is suggested.
, , , ,
Volume 22, Issue 132 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background: Glycated hemoglobin is an important indicator of
long-term control of blood glucose is an important indicator of clinical
research. There is a direct correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin and
diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
effect of BASNEF-based blended educational program on diabetes control among
type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: This study is a prospective, semi-experimental study, in which 164 eligible
patients were selected after the pre-test by random allocation in intervention
and control groups. Questionnaire based on BASNEF structure was used for data
collection. Before the intervention, demographic and health related
information, disease, and check list of foot care was taken. Then, the
intervention group participated in program of foot care principles using
combinatorial training strategy designed based on the BASNEF’s structures. The
control group continued the routine clinic education, and individually, without
contacting the intervention group, completed the questionnaire and the check
list. Post-test was administered at three and six months after the
intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.11.5 and descriptive and
inferential statistical tests. Significance level was considered less than
0.05.
Results: Demographic variables were not significantly different
between two groups (P<0.05). HbA1c in the intervention group was
statistically significant (p<0.001), but this analysis was not significant
in the comparison group (p=0.18, f = 1/83). Also, in regard to blood sugar
controlling behaviors the intervention group were better than the comparison
group, three months and six months after the training, such that HbA1c levels
of %69.8± %2.27 before training changed to %7.50 ±%1.42 three months later, and
%7.44± %1.34, six months after the training and showed significant difference (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that blended
educational training increased the awareness in regard to controlling blood
sugar levels, thus decreasing the HbA1c levels in diabetic type 2 patients.
Rahim Ahmadi, Maryam Foroutan, Mina Alinavaz,
Volume 22, Issue 139 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is among the common metabolic disorders in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the individual characteristics, common clinical features and diet history in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes in Eslamshahr-Tehran.
Methods: This cross sectional retrospective study was conducted to investigate patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes referred to care centers during 2010-2012 in Eslamshahr and documentarily profiled. Individual questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire and face to face interview were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using t- or Chi-square tests and ANOVA.
Results: The frequency of type 2 diabetes was significantly more than type 1 (p<0.01). The frequency of type 1 or 2 diabetes was higher in females than males (p<0.01). A family history of diabetes was observed in 64% and 82% of patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes, respectively. 47.8% of patients with type 1diabetes and 42.9% of patients with type 2diabetes reported a history of psychological problems and 27.5% of patients with type 1diabetes and 27.1% of patients with type 2 diabetes reported a history of negative life events. There was lower consumption of cereal food groups in diabetic patients than standard recommended orders (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Occurrence of diabetes was more common in females than males and of type 2 diabetes was more common than type 1 diabetes. Genetic background, familial history, diet and history of psychological problems were among the important causes associated with diabetes occurrence.
Mohammad Mohammadi, Shahryar Eghtesadi, Mohammadreza Vafa, Iraj Heydari, Masoud Salehi, Esmat Shirbeigi, Hamed Mohammadi,
Volume 23, Issue 143 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a major public health problem globally. This study was performed to investigate the effect of hesperidin supplementation on markers of glucose and lipid, insulin levels and insulin resistance. Methods: Forty-five patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial. Subjects consumed 500 mg/d hesperidin supplement in the intervention group (n=23) and 500 mg/d placebo in the control group (n=22), for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at the baseline and end of study. The levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, and insulin resistance were measured and compared. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software by using independent t test and Paired t test. Results: Hesperidin supplementation led to significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (P=0.04) and HbA1C (P=0.02). A significant increase in serum insulin and decrease in total cholesterol (P=0.01 and P=0.04, respectively) were observed in the hesperidin group, whereas no significant changes in the placebo group were observed. Conclusions: The present study showed that the intake of hesperidin could lead to decreased levels of FBG, HbA1c and TC and increased levels of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar, Hasan Hedari, Mahnaz Solhi,
Volume 23, Issue 146 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes is common among chronic diseases. Various factors such as personality and psychological traits have role in self-care and control in this disease Aim of This study is determination the relationship between self- care and locus of control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: This cross-sectional study carried out on 180 patients with diabetes mellitus type2 whom are members of diabetic association in city of Babylon. The sampling method was Simple random sampling. Data collection tools were Form C standard questionnaire Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC), abstract scale for self-care activities in diabetics (SDSCA) and Multidimensional scale for Health Locus of Control (MHLC).The data in SPSS (19) using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Pearson correlation co-efficient, regression analysis and independent t-test) were analyzed. Results: the self- care score had a positive correlation with the inner locus of control score (r=.38, P =.01) and a negative correlation with the chance locus of control (r=-.53, P =.01). Self-care behavior and health of a significant relationship between external locus of control was not prepared. Also, the behavior of self-care and education (001/0 = P), the locus of control and education (01/0 = P) and locus of control risk education (001/0 = P) significant relationship was observed. Conclusions: improve internal locus of control and loss of control locus should be noted in the interventional program for promoting self-care behaviors in these patients.
Mr Mohammad Taher Afshoun Pour, Dr Abdolhamid Habibi, Dr Rohola Ranjbar,
Volume 23, Issue 146 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background: Apelin is a novel adipokine that is closely related with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of progressive resistance training on plasma concentrations of plasma apelin and insulin resistance in middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: twenty seven types 2 diabetic men selected as subjects and were randomly assigned into two exercise (n=15 aged 46.40 ± 3.02 yrs) and control (n=12 aged 45.06 ± 3.86 yrs) groups. Resistance exercise training was done for 8 weeks (3 days/week, intensity: 30- 70% 1RM) for experimental group. Before and after exercise plasma apelin level, insulin,
glucose and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) after a 12-h fasting was measured. Following the second blood sampling, data analysis was performed and p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Finding showed that plasma apelin, insulin levels, HOMA-IR, fasting blood glucose (FBG) have significant changes in the exercise group compared to pre-exercise and control groups (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that low to moderate intensity resistance exercise training has significant effect on the amount of plasma apelin and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic men. Apelin level may be effective to improve insulin resistance and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic men.
