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PREVALENCE OF CONGENITAL COLOR BLINDNESS IN INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TEHRAN
M.m. Meersamadi, S.m. Modaress-Zadeh,
Volume 1, Issue 0 (3-1995)
Abstract

An epidemiologic study was conducted to determine the incidence of color blindness in secondary school students (age 12-14). A total of 2058 students (1136 boys and 922 girls) were examined with Ishihara pseudoisochromatic color plates Considering the special test conditions, best corrected vision was recorded for each individual.

In the study population, 97 cases of defective color vision were detected including 93 males and 4 females. The affected individuales all had negative histories of previous systemic and ocular disease and long term use of drugs. The visual acuity was 20/20 and the fundus was normal in all affected students. The results of this study are summarized as follows:

1- Defective color vision in boys: 8.18%(93 cases) Deuteranomaly: 4.93%(56 cases)

Protanomaly: 1.14%(13 cases)

Deuteranopia: 1.14% (13 cases)

Protanopia: 0.97% (11 cases)

2-Defective color vision in girls: 0.43% (4 cases) Deuteranomaly: 0.32% (3 cases)

Protanomaly : 0.11% (1 case)

In female students deuteranopia and protanopia was not detected.

Statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference between the incidence of color blindness as reported in this study compared to the prevalence of color blindness as reported in Western, including American medical literature.


The crisis of congenital cataract diagnosis: Assessment of unilateral congenital cataract diagnosis age in children treated in Tehran Farabi Eye Hospital from 2010 to 2017
Abdolreza Mohammadi Kooshki, Elahe Norouzi, Ashkan Mohammadi Kooshki, Negar Moradian, Fateme Alipour,
Volume 26, Issue 12 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: Congenital cataract is one of the most important causes of blindness and severe visual impairment in children. Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital cataract is essential. Considering the great importance of blindness in children and the massive expense that burden to the health care system, we planned a study to assess the age of unilateral congenital cataract diagnosis in the children referred to contact lens clinic at Farabi Eye Hospital in Tehran.
Methods: This descriptive study was performed in the spring and summer of 2019. All the aphakic children due to unilateral congenital cataract referred to contact lens clinic at Farabi eye hospital from 2010 to 2017 were invited for participation in the study. For those persent, the family face to face interview and visual acuity examination were performed.
Results: Of 82 children who called for interviews, 38 patients (46.3%) accepted to participate in this study and were ready for the interview. The mean age at diagnosing was 4.94 months (Median: 4, Range 0-24). Only 3 cases (7.9%) were diagnosed at birth. 4 patients’ congenital cataract (11.4%) were diagnosed during routine follow up after hospital discharge. From the remaining 32 children, 13 families referred to pediatricians, and just 3 cases (23.07%) were diagnosed. Nineteen families referred to ophthalmologists, and congenital cataract was diagnosed in 16 (84.2%) of them. All 13 cases whom congenital cataract was not diagnosed by neither pediatricians nor ophtalmologists referred to the ophthalmologists in 2nd visit, and 12 cases were diagnosed.
Conclusion: Red reflex examination in all newborns is highly recommended, and suspected cases should be promptly referred to an ophthalmologist. It seems that the training during the residency course for pediatricians about congenital cataract screening is not sufficient or effective. It is of great importance emphasis on of early diagnosis and treatment of congenital cataract to achieve an excellent visual outcome.
 
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