Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

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Introduction

Anxiety disorders are the most common types of mental health disorders worldwide, especially among adolescents [3, 5]. In addition, the prevalence of anxiety disorders in Iranian adolescents, especially girls, is very significant and has been reported as 7-85% [6]. Despite the significant increase in society's awareness of the global importance of anxiety disorders in adolescents, the limited effectiveness, huge costs, and significant side effects of current treatments require the provision of new, effective, cost-effective strategies that do not have alternative or complementary side effects for the prevention and treatment of these disorders. It has doubled in adolescents [2, 7, 8].

Several evidences showing the negative correlation of cardio-respiratory fitness with anxiety symptoms in adults [12-9] have led many researchers to investigate the possible beneficial effects of aerobic training programs on cardio-respiratory fitness and subsequent anxiety symptoms as a A new, effective, cost-effective strategy without potential side effects is promising in the prevention and treatment of anxiety disorders [7, 8, 12-14].

Considering the aforementioned cases and the negative impact of anxiety on personal and social life, on the one hand, the importance of discovering the best method to reduce the negative effects of anxiety, on the other hand, and the lack of research on the subject, the question of the present research is whether eight weeks of aerobic exercise with Does physical display have an effect on teenage girls' anxiety or not?
2.Methods

In order to conduct the present practical and semi-experimental research, which was conducted with a pre-test and post-test design and in a parallel random controlled method of 8 weeks. Among the teenage girls who met the criteria for entering the study, working in public and private schools of Shahinshahr city, Isfahan province in the academic year of 1400-1401 in the elementary, first secondary and second secondary courses were selected using easy sampling method [23]. In order to collect data, after the completion of the consent form by the parents of the students, in the pre-test phase, all the subjects were asked the 50-item YAM-5 questionnaire, which contains a 28-item subscale to check the symptoms of the 5 main anxiety disorders and They completed a 22-item subscale to assess the symptoms of 5 different phobias in clinical and non-clinical populations of children and adolescents [24, 25].

Also, the aerobic exercise program with a demonstration approach used in the aerobic exercise-performance group included a series of moderate intensity aerobic exercises in the form of 30, 35, 40, and 45-minute shows derived from the movements of the Afar, Kermanji, and Azeri rituals in accordance with the 10 principles of exercise. [27] was designed. Also, the show program used in the show group included shows of 30, 35, 40 and 45 minutes using creative and improvised show techniques with cultural themes. It should be noted that during the 8-week intervention period of the present study, 30-, 35-, 40-, and 45-minute programs were used in the first 2 weeks, the second 2 weeks, the third 2 weeks, and the fourth 2 weeks of the intervention in 3 sessions per week. it placed.

The training consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic training with basic non-impact and high-impact aerobic movements (combination of low and high contact) and aerobic training with basic non-impact and high-impact aerobic movements (combination of low and high contact) with a demonstration approach; The first stage: warm-up (5 minutes), the second stage: aerobic exercises with basic aerobic movements in order to prepare for the main exercises (10 minutes), The third stage: combined moderate aerobic exercises, rhythmic movements, weight bearing, including movements such as leg press on the floor, simple squats (with bent knees and straight knees) and three-sided squats, dynamic and static squats, planks, lunges, hilaps, side shuffles - rolling Spinning (10 minutes for the first two weeks, 15 minutes for the second two weeks, 20 minutes for the third two weeks, and 25 minutes for the fourth two weeks) and the last step was cooling down and returning to the initial state (5 minutes). The intensity of the aerobic exercises with a dramatic approach is balanced with the rhythm of the music and the main training program includes rhythmic and musical movement patterns that were made by several experts and taught to the subjects. and it was controlled and recorded using a polar clock [31]. Finally, the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc test.

3.Results

The results of the present research showed that eight weeks of interactive aerobic and demonstration exercises have a significant effect on the main anxiety level of teenage girls. Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to investigate the difference between the groups. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the aerobic exercise group and the control group on the one hand, and between the aerobic exercise group with physical display and the control group, but there is no significant difference between the other groups.
In relation to state anxiety, the results showed that eight weeks of interactive aerobic and drama training has no significant effect on the level of phobia of teenage girls.
4.Discussion
The results showed that eight weeks of aerobic exercise with physical display has an effect on the main anxiety of teenage girls. Also, it was found that there is a significant difference between the aerobic exercise group with control on the one hand and between the aerobic exercise group with physical display and the control group, but there is a difference between the other groups. There is no meaning. In the explanation of the present research, it can be said that biologically, mental disorders are caused by the lack of biogenic amines. Biogenic amines are neurochemical substances that facilitate neurotransmission and play an important role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Speculations about the neurochemical basis of mental disorders are often around the reduction of serotonin and norepinephrine, researches have shown that aerobic exercise increases the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine in the body. The determining factor in the speed of serotonin synthesis is the amount of tryptophan in the body. Some researchers have shown that long-term aerobic exercise increases the concentration of free tryptophan in the plasma, which leads to an increase in the synthesis of serotonin and its release into the blood circulation (18). In general, other different physiological and biochemical reasons have been stated for the mechanism of the effect of exercise on mental disorders. Among those reasons, the changes in serum amino acids, which are the precursors of neurotransmitters, which have received more attention than other cases. Recently, increasing the concentration of phenylethylamine in brain cells has been noticed as a substance that has an anti-depressant effect. This substance causes a state of euphoria and vitality due to its structural similarity with amphetamines (16). In order to reduce and treat mental disorders, exercise is used to produce more phenylalanine (20).
In relation to phobia, the results showed that eight weeks of interactive aerobic and dramatic training does not have a significant effect on the level of phobia of teenage girls. In the explanation of the present research, it should be mentioned that considering the above contents and the effect of exercise and physical display on important variables in mental disorders such as serotonin and tryptophan, it is expected that phobia has decreased in the present research, which also happened, but this decrease It was not statistically significant, which may be due to the length of the research period, the intensity of the exercises, the mental conditions of the subjects, etc.

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Background and purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy (EFT) on the regret of choosing a spouse and the future anxiety of women with marital conflict.
Method and Materials: This was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design and a follow-up phase with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population included all the women who referred to the counseling center of multiple regions of Tehran, among whom 30 women with marital conflict were selected based on the criteria of entering and exiting the study and were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group of each group. 15 people were placed. The participants completed the questionnaire of regret about choosing a spouse and future anxiety in three times: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The experimental group received 10 sessions of emotion-focused therapy (EFT) and the control group received no intervention. The data was analyzed using the repeated measurement analysis method and spss.22 software.
Findings In the experimental group, the mean (standard deviation) of regretting the choice of spouse decreased from 21.18 (6.26) in the pre-test to 10.11 (3.78) in the post-test, but in the control group, the mean (standard deviation) the regret of choosing a spouse was 20/55 (5/19) in the pre-test and 20/61 (5/54) in the post-test, which was not different. Also, in the experimental group, the average (standard deviation) of future anxiety in the pre-test was equal to 76.56 (10.61), which decreased to 55.07 (9.77) in the post-test, but in the control group, the average (standard deviation) of anxiety The future score was 17/73 (10/62) in the pre-test and 49/72 (10/90) in the post-test.
Conclusion: Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) has been effective on the regret of choosing a spouse and the future anxiety of women with marital conflict.
 

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Background and Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of the effect of spiritual intelligence on improving life expectancy and death anxiety, on the resilience of cancer patients. Since certain diseases are now recognized as a life-limiting chronic disease, not an incurable disease. It puts a lot of anxiety and pressure on the person and with the appearance of the symptoms of the disease, the accompanying emotional responses begin, for this reason, spiritual intelligence combines the structures of spirituality and intelligence in a new structure, and its application increases adaptability and, as a result, mental health. It becomes people.
Materials and methods: The present research is aimed at determining the prediction of spiritual intelligence and life expectancy in death anxiety and resilience of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and in a descriptive (non-experimental) form and of the type of correlational and statistical population projects, including all patients with cancer. It was performed in the city of Isfahan in 2023. The number of samples according to the number of independent variables (spiritual intelligence and life expectancy) was 80 people and according to the availability of cancer patients who referred to chemotherapy centers in Isfahan city, available sampling method was used. The research tools included Abdullahzadeh et al.'s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, Schneider et al.'s Life Expectancy Questionnaire, Connor and Davidson's Resilience Questionnaire, and Templer's Death Anxiety Questionnaire. Pearson and multiple regression and 22-spss software were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results showed that in the best model for predicting death anxiety, spiritual intelligence predicts death anxiety, and in the best model for predicting resilience, spiritual intelligence and life expectancy are able to predict resilience, and spiritual intelligence has a greater contribution in this field. In this way, spiritual intelligence, hope for life as predictor variables and death anxiety and resilience as criterion variables have entered the regression equation, which have a good fit and the changes explained by the model are real and not due to chance and coincidence, so spiritual intelligence has more contribution in this field and based on this the main hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
Conclusion: In this study, step-by-step regression was used to answer the main research hypothesis. The analysis of regression assumptions including normality, distribution of errors, independence of errors, multiple collinearity between predictor variables has been carried out that there is an average relationship between predictor variables and criteria variables and it has a good fit and this predictor The nose is significant. The results of this study confirm the importance of spiritual intelligence and self-esteem as influencing variables on the life expectancy of cancer patients; Therefore, it can be said that by strengthening their spiritual intelligence, their self-esteem and self-control increases and leads to the improvement of their physical and mental health.
 

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Introduction
Exam anxiety is a type of trait anxiety in the exam situation and is limited by individual factors, personality and other factors (1). Exam anxiety is a psychological state that is associated with emotional arousal and various physiological symptoms (2). Exam anxiety has negative effects on students' academic levels and mental health; Such as academic problems and poor academic performance (3), which also increases the risk of anxiety and depression. At the same time, long-term test anxiety leads to adverse consequences for people's bodies, such as sleep disorders, depression, and eating disorders. In some cases, it may even lead to self-harm and suicidal thoughts (4).
Among various factors, one of the variables that can affect exam anxiety is self-determination (10). Self-determination is a quality of human performance that includes the experience of choice and a perceived source of internal control and is characterized by intrinsic motivation and a number of types of extrinsic motivation (11).
Another variable related to exam anxiety is emotion regulation strategies. Emotional self-regulation refers to actions that are used to adjust or change an emotional state (15). Emotion regulation includes the use of behavioral and cognitive strategies to change the duration or intensity of the experience of an emotion, and it has been found that when faced with stressful events, people use different emotional regulation strategies to modify or modify their emotional experience. Do (16)
According to the above, exam anxiety as a psychological phenomenon tends to affect different scenarios of people's lives and make changes in their performance. Identifying this issue and how to deal with it can become very important in the educational sector, especially in the way it occurs before exams and how students face it; For this reason, this research seeks to investigate close and effective factors (self-determination and emotional regulation strategies) in the occurrence of exam anxiety. Considering the importance of the mental state of students and examining the factors related to exam anxiety, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for predicting exam anxiety with regard to self-determination and the mediating role of emotional regulation strategies.
Method
The present applied, descriptive and correlational research method, which was carried out by the structural equation modeling method and received the code of ethics IR.IAU.QOM.REC.1402.199 from the Islamic Azad University of Qom. It was like this that the researcher first went to the education and training center in Tehran and after explaining the purpose of the research and getting the consent of the officials, he went to the schools in question with the introduction form in hand and among the male and female students studying in the second year In the academic year of 1402-403, 400 people were randomly selected as a statistical sample from public schools in Tehran. The sampling method was such that 4 districts (5, 11, 14 and 15) were randomly selected from among the districts of Tehran, and one school was randomly selected from among the public schools for girls and boys in the second year of high school. Then, five classes were randomly selected from each school and finally, the questionnaires were distributed among the students. Then, the sample subjects completed the self-determination questionnaires of Desi and Ryan (2000), the self-regulation questionnaire of Pintrich et al. (1991) (MSLQ) and the Sarason test anxiety questionnaire (1984). Finally, descriptive statistics were used to describe the research variables and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using AMOS and SPSS version 23 computer software.
Results
As shown in Table 1, all variables have high reliability in the model. Composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all variables are higher than 0.7. The results of the present study confirm the appropriate fit of these two criteria.
The results showed that self-determination had a significant direct effect on exam anxiety (p<0.05). This means that with increasing self-determination, the level of exam anxiety decreases. It was also found that self-determination had an indirect effect on exam anxiety through fear of evaluation (p<0.05).  This means that with the increase of self-determination, the level of exam anxiety decreases due to the fear of negative evaluation.
Another finding of the current research showed that emotional regulation strategies had a significant direct effect on exam anxiety (p<0.05). This means that by increasing emotional regulation strategies, the level of exam anxiety decreases.
Discussion
Regarding the relationship between self-determination and exam anxiety, the results of the research showed that self-determination has a direct negative and significant relationship with exam anxiety, and as self-determination increases, exam anxiety decreases. In the explanation above, it can be said that the theory of self-determination considers students to have agency and a natural desire to grow. Satisfying basic psychological needs leads to observable and meaningful positive outcomes for learners' well-being and opportunity for flourishing. Disappointment or deprivation of these needs causes significant harm, including anxiety (23).
Regarding the relationship between emotional regulation strategies and exam anxiety, the results of the research showed that emotional regulation strategies have a significant negative and direct effect on exam anxiety, and with increasing emotional regulation strategies, exam anxiety decreases. As mentioned, emotion regulation is defined as the process by which people influence the emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions. In general, positive and adaptive emotional regulation strategies and negative and maladaptive emotional regulation strategies are the two strategies that are usually examined that are related to emotional responses and cognitive processes (29).
The research results showed that people believed that adaptive emotional regulation strategies, especially cognitive reappraisal, can improve anxiety and mental flexibility. This may be because the strategy of cognitive reappraisal is more consistent with long-term effects on emotion regulation strategy selection than expressive suppression. Some studies indicate that adolescents with anxiety disorders can reduce their negative emotions after using cognitive re-evaluation (33); Therefore, in order to cultivate positive emotions and deal with negative emotions (anxiety), active intervention before emotional reaction such as choosing favorable situations, cognitive re-evaluation strategies is necessary.
 

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Premedication is commonly used in anesthesia. The purpose of premedicating children is to decrease anxiety, vagal stimulation, airway secretion and to prevent post operative psychological and behavioral problems. Different ways and drugs can be used for premedication to achieve this goal. Sufentanil which is a synthetic short acting opioid, can be used as a premedication. The aim of this single blind prospective study was to evaluate the effect of intranasal sufentanil drop in reducing anxiety, providing calmness during the separation of children from parents and causing sleep in them before operation. Sixty patients, aged 2-6 years, with ASA I and II of both sexes, were selected and then randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each scheduled for outpatient pediatric surgery. Group I (n=30, study or sufentanil group), received 1.5μg/kg sufentanil drops (0.03ml/kg), group II (n=30, control group), received NaCl 0.65%(0.03ml/kg). Sufentanil drops were prepared with the leophylization technique by converting sufentanil 5μg/kg to 50μg/kg. This study showed that sufentanil decreased anxiety and helped calmness and made the children sleep in 86% of the patients in the study group and 63.3% in the control group(P<0.05) after 20 minutes of administering premedication administration. There was a significant decrease in response to mask between two groups(P<0.05). Patient’s emotional response during separation from parents, though not statistically significant, was better in the study group as compared to the control group(P>0.05). This study showed that intranasal sufentanil as a premedication in children can decrease anxiety and help sedation and sleep in this age group.

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This study was a comparative evaluation conducted to assess the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral religious-cultural therapy in addition to medication treatment versus medication treatment alone and cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to medication treatment in improvement of anxiety disorder (obsessive-compulsive). 15 obsessive-compulsive patients (5 males & 10 females) with religious background were randomly assigned into three groups: 1) Cognitive-behavioral religious-cultural therapy in addition to medication treatment (CBRCT, add. M), 2) Medication treatment alone (clomipramine or Fluoxetine), 3) Cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to medication treatment (CBT, add. M). The subjects’ religious affiliation was determined by religious attitude questionnaire. All patients were evaluated before the commencement of treatment and, once again, eight weeks after the treatment by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scales, a checklist of obsessive behaviors, religious beliefs questionnaire and dysfunctional attitude questionnaire. The results were analyzed and further interpreted by chi-squared test(X2) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral religious-cultural therapy in addition to medication treatment and cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to medication treatment were effective in reducing the severity of anxiety symptoms, depression, obsession, and dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes. Medication treatment alone was only effective in reducing symptoms of depression and obsession, while it was not effective in reducing anxiety or dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes. Cognitive-behavioral religious-cultural therapy in addition to medication treatment was more effective than medication treatment alone, but in comparison with cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to medication treatment was less effective. Based on the statistical analysis of findings, the addition of religious cultural components to cognitive-behavioral therapy was not necessarily effective in improvement of religious patients with symptoms of obsessive- compulsive disorder however, the raw scores of improvement indices were higher in subjects receiving cognitive–behavioral religious-cultural therapy in addition to medication treatment than the other groups.

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  Background : Our purpose in this research was to evaluate the correlation between skill in chess (international chess rating scale) and severity of depression and anxiety and ten cognitive errors in members of Iranian Chess Federation that have international chess rating scale as well as to study the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the sample.

  Methods: 96 persons that had an international chess rating scale were sampled with convenient method and took part in this cross sectional study. All samples completed the second version of Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Cognitive Error Test. Data were analyzed with SPSS software.

  Results: There was a significant reverse correlation between chess rating scale and four cognitive errors including over generalization, magnification, jumping to conclusion and must statement. The depression severity decreased by increasing the numbers of hours of game playing in the day. Also there was a reverse significant correlation between chess skill and depression severity, but chess skill had no significant correlation with severity of anxiety. The prevalence of mild moderate depression was 16.7%. There was no case with severe depression. The prevalence of mild and moderate anxiety was 27.1% and severe anxiety was 5.2%.

  Conclusion: We conclude that this significant reverse correlation between chess rating scales and depression severity is mediated by decrease of cognitive errors and the number of the hours of game playing in the day, which is in accordance with Beck's Cognitive Theory and Behavioral Activation Theory.

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Background: Given the increase in prevalence of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery and the significant role of psychological factors in prognosis and relapse of cardiac disease, the present study is designed to determine the relationship between psychological factors or impotency and quality of life of male patients following CABG.

 

Methods: In this descriptive- analytical study 160 male patients were randomly selected four weeks after heart surgery and were administered DASS-21, IIEF-5 and SF-36 to assess anxiety, depression and stress, impotency and quality of life, respectively. Regression analyses (One-way ANOVA) and Chi-square were performed to analyze the data.

 

Results: Findings showed that the average age of patients was 60 (±10) years. Among psychological variables the average score for depression was significantly related to the average scores of quality of life (p=0.02). Furthermore, 62.4% of patients had some degrees of depression 86.7% had some degrees of stress and 47.3% had anxiety to some degree. Also, 85.5% of patients displayed mild to severe levels of erectile dysfunction which were significantly correlated with scores in anxiety (p=0.03) and depression (p=0.001). Finally, diabetic patients had higher scores in depression and stress compared to non diabetic patients.

 

Conclusion: The findings are discussed in the context of proposing interventional strategies for improving psychological conditions of CABG patients.

 

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Background: Nulliparous women often are extremely anxious because of fear of labor pain and this anxiety will decrease their chances of normal vaginal delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chewing sugar-free gum on labor anxiety in nulliparous women.

 

Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial and performed on 66 nulliparous pregnant women with spontaneous labor pains in Ahvaz Razi hospital in 2011. Samples were randomized to case group (n=34) and control group (n=32) based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Maternal anxiety was measured at baseline using Spielberger anxiety scale. Then an Orbit sugar-free chewing gum was given to case group. The women in the control group did not receive any intervention. After 30 minutes of chewing gum anxiety was measured in all subjects again. Also labor stages duration, type of birth and the need for oxytocin in both groups were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests and chi-square in SPSS version 15. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

 

Results: Findings of this study showed that after 30 minutes of chewing gum, mean and standard deviation of active phase anxiety of women in case group (42.85±5.46) was significantly lower than control group (49.82±7.68). In the case group, active phase duration were significantly less than control group (177±89.03 min in case group VS. 229.03±59.68 min in control group p=0.001). Also second stage of labor duration in the case group (43.91±10.96) was less than control group (52.65±18.27) with p-value of 0.021. Type of delivery and the need for oxytocin were not significantly different between the two groups.

 

Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study it seems that chewing a gum can be used to reduce anxiety of labor as a non-invasive and effective method.

 

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Background: Heart disease is the most common cause of death that has increased in developing countries. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is one of the treatment methods in these patients that have been used widely over the past decade. This study was performed with aim of resolving the issues related to lack of patients' familiarity with anesthesia and surgery and inattention to their training needs due to anxiety and dysfunction of hemodynamic statue.

 

Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 124 patients who were candidates for CABG were randomly assigned to either the test or control groups. Patients' anxiety was evaluated by Amsterdam questioner and checklist was used for recording hemodynamic variables. The collected data were analyzed using the paired, independent t test and ANOVA in the SPSS.

 

Results: There were no significant differences between demographic variables in two groups. There were no significant differences between patients' anxiety, hemodynamic status, educational needs at admission time and before surgery in control group but in the intervention group, anxiety of patients decreased after the intervention (p<0.001). Hemodynamic variables in two groups changed before surgery (p<0.05). There was significant relationship between gender, level of education and patients' anxiety (p<0.05).

 

Conclusions: Considering the benefits of education on patient’s anxiety and hemodynamic status, more attention should be given by health care providers to patient education.

 

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Background: Depression has often been considered as a major cause of human health threats in the world. The goal of the current study was to predict postpartum depression among women attended health care centers in Shiraz based on parental bonding, history of anxiety, and depression .

 

Methods: In this regard, 120 women with postpartum depression were selected among the women who had delivered in hospitals of Shiraz using convenience sampling method. The tools were Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Postnatal Depression Scale (Edinburgh), and the checklist of anxiety and depression using diagnostic criteria of anxiety and mood disorders (DSM- IV-IR). Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with stepwise method through SPSS v.16.

 

Findings: The linear regression model showed that extraordinary protective factors of caring father (p<0.001) and mother (p<0.001) have significant effect on depression. Considering the calculated coefficient determinant (R²=0.44), the extraordinary protective factors of caring father and mother, predicted 44% of postpartum depression. It means that 44% of changes by postpartum depression in caused by the extraordinary protective factors of caring father and mother.

 Conclusion: Result of regression analysis indicated that protective factors of caring father and mother are able to predict postpartum depression. The overall results of this study indicated that emotional connection between parents and their children, leads to(determine) the formation of mental disorders in children in different periods of life

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Background: Many studies have showed that electromagnetic field decrease anxiety. In this study the objectives: effect of Electromagnet Fields in Low Frequency in Induced Anxiety by formalin. Methods: 32 male mice with weight (30 grams) were classified in 4 groups (n=8), and received Histamine (5mg/kg IP injection) 3classes of every group exposed to electromagnetic field (emfs) with25, 50, 75 HZ& frequency with intense250µT for10 min before injection. One group was chosen as control. Anxiety signs in 3groups (expose) compared with control group.

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Background: Cancer is primarily a genetic disease and Myeloid dysplasia refers to a group of syndromes thathave a close relationship with each other and through the proliferation of arbitrary one or more types of bone marrow cells, are identified. One of the most prevalent psychiatric symptoms in patients with cancer, transplantand anxiety, is death anxiety. This type of anxiety can be viewed as one of the important psychological diagnosis in patients with suspected cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hypnosis ondeath anxiety in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with chemotherapy.

Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test in experimental and control groups. Twenty-fourpatients with acute myeloid leukemia on chemotherapy with medical records and flow cytometry test were selected and randomly divided in experimental (n = 13) and control group (13 case). Death Anxiety Inventory Collet-Lesterinwas used to collect data from two group before and after trial. Six sessions of hypnotherapywas conducted for the experimental group in six weeks. SPSS₂₂ was used for statistical analysis of data

Results: The results showed that hypnotherapysignificantly reduces the anxiety duedeath,  dead people, see people dying and death anxiety in general, which has been statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: As a result, it can be said that hypnosis is an effective intervention on the anxiety of death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia underchemotherapy and can be used as a non-invasive method

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Background: In this research effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms in asthma patients was studied. Asthma is a psychosomatic disorder that depression and anxiety were considered as a trigger or exacerbation factor for it.

Methods: According to this matter MBCT was used for reducing depression and anxiety and somatic symptoms in asthma patients. For this purpose 26 female patients that were under medical treatment for 1 year at least in Isfahan were selected and assigned in two groups randomly (experimental group and control group). Two groups were tested (pre-test) by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI_II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Experimental group received MBCT intervention for 8 sessions weekly for two hours and control group was registered in waiting list. After finishing the therapy the two groups were tested again (post-test). Data was analyzed by ANCOVA in spss21 program.

Results: Results show that after MBCT intervention significantly depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms scores decreased in experimental group in comparison with control group (p<0/05).

Conclusion: So it shows that MBCT can reduce level of anxiety and depression in asthma patient and then reduces somatic symptom in this patients.