Showing 26 results for Vafa
Malieh Zaferanieh, Marzieh Alivandivafa, Seyyed Davood Hosseini Nasab,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: In addition to academic problems, children with autism also have problems such as emotional and behavioral problems, which can endanger their health, mental health, and the quality of life of those around them. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of cognitive rehabilitation based on strengthening working memory on self-control, verbal fluency and information processing speed of children with autism. Methods: The statistical population of this semi-experimental research was formed by children with autism spectrum disorder in Sabzevar city, 40 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 20 people. Then, all the subjects took the self-control scales of Williams et al. (1997), Wechsler's intelligence (2003), the subtest of letter signs and signs of the face test (verbal fluency) and the subtest of encoding and symbolization from the Wechsler intelligence test series for children. They completed the pre-test. Then therapeutic intervention based on strengthening working memory was performed on the experimental group during 18 one-hour sessions. At the end of the treatment period and three months later, both groups completed the questionnaires again. Finally, the data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test with repeated measurements. Results: The results showed that cognitive rehabilitation based on strengthening working memory is effective on self-control, verbal fluency and information processing speed of children with autism spectrum disorder. Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended to use cognitive rehabilitation interventions based on strengthening working memory to improve the self-control of children with autism.
The prevalence of autism has increased over the past three decades
So that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in America and other countries is about 1%. Autism is believed to be on the rise, so it is imperative that therapists make an all-out effort to find its causes and cures.
The International Autism Society has estimated that the number of children with autism will increase significantly in the coming decades. The global prevalence of this disorder has increased dramatically since the first epidemiological studies in the 1960s and early 1970s.
In addition to academic problems, children with autism have other problems, including emotional and behavioral problems, which can endanger their health, mental health, and the quality of life of those around them. In recent decades, deficits in working memory, accuracy, and attention have been proposed as one of the important cognitive causal hypotheses in children with autism.
Since verbal fluency and processing speed are related to the speed and accuracy of reading in children with autism, and considering that most autistic children experience many emotional-behavioral problems, examining the above variables in children with autism is very important.
One of the indicators that is noticeable in students with autism spectrum disorder is low information processing speed, which is considered as an important foundation of cognitive abilities. Processing speed is a multidimensional factor that represents a person's cognitive performance in a certain period of time.
Attention is also a concept studied in cognitive psychology that refers to the way we process certain information in our living environment. The attentional system allows us to focus on something specific in our environment, and it also influences our perception of surrounding stimuli.
Another characteristic of students with autism spectrum disorder is their lack of self-control skills. The concept of self-control in social learning theory expresses the fact that self-control as a concept can be interpreted, learned and taught, and can be effective on the self-help behaviors of students with autism spectrum disorder with the help of cognitive regulation of emotion.
Cognitive rehabilitation is based on strengthening working memory and strengthening types of attention, including therapeutic approaches that are useful in improving cognitive defects. The cognitive rehabilitation method is a special and unique type of treatment in that it focuses solely and mainly on cognitive abilities.
In explaining the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation based on strengthening working memory on the verbal fluency of children with autism spectrum disorders, it can be said that the basis of improving cognitive deficits through cognitive rehabilitation is the neural plasticity of the brain. Based on this property, cognitive rehabilitation intervention increases the synaptic connections between neurons and improves the lost cognitive function.
In cognitive rehabilitation based on strengthening working memory, efforts are made to strengthen synaptic connections through cognitive tasks that are presented to the individual through various techniques and tasks. In this cognitive rehabilitation approach, the difficulty of the tasks is automatically increased throughout the treatment sessions and the client's performance is continuously challenged. Neuroimaging studies have shown changes in brain activity patterns following cognitive rehabilitation in children with autism spectrum disorders.
In explaining the findings, it can be said that since the relationship between emotion and cognition is two-way, when emotional information cannot be perceived and evaluated in cognitive processing processes, a person will be disturbed emotionally and cognitively.
This disability disrupts the organization of one's emotions and cognitions, and one fails in stressful situations. In other words, children who can control their inappropriate behaviors and have the ability to regulate and adjust cognitive-behavioral When faced with stressful events and frustrating conditions, they mostly use problem-oriented control strategies. It can be said that enhancing working memory and attention facilitates people's use of fresh appraisals, and people who rely on fresh appraisals provide more cognitive resources to aid their sustained attention, which leads to greater control in everyday life.
Conclusion
The results confirm the effect of cognitive rehabilitation based on strengthening working memory on self-control, verbal fluency and information processing speed of children with autism, so it is recommended to use cognitive rehabilitation interventions based on strengthening working memory to improve self-control of children with autism.
Elham Zarei, Mehdi Vafadar, Shirin Sayyahfar, Aziz Eghbali,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-2024)
Abstract
A 3-month-old boy with fever and cough presented to the emergency department of the children's hospital four days ago. In the physical examination, the patient was febrile (temperature 38.1 ˚c), had no respiratory distress, and wheezing was heard in both lungs.
In the physical examination, firmness was palpable in the middle part of the clavicle on both sides, and the edge of the spleen was palpable below the rib cage.
In the medical history, the infant was born at normal term with normal development and had a history of inguinal hernia surgery on both sides at one month.
The laboratory findings are shown in the table below:
| Results |
Parameter |
| 26.5 |
WBC ) x 109/L ) |
| 28 |
Segment ( % ) |
| 55 |
Lymphocyte ( % ) |
| 5 |
Monocyte ( % ) |
| 3 |
Band ( % ) |
| 3 |
Eosinophil ( % ) |
| 2 |
Myelocyte ( % ) |
| 4 |
NRBC ( % ) |
| 3.8 |
RBC ( x1012 /L ) |
| 9.7 |
Hb ( g/ L) |
| 29.4 |
Hct ( % ) |
| 78 |
MCV ( fl ) |
| 26 |
MCH ( Pg ) |
| 33 |
MCHC (g/dl) |
| 135 |
Plt (x 109/L ) |
|
Retic Count ( % ) |
| 7 |
ESR ( mm/hr) |
| 2 |
CRP (mg/dl) |
| 4 |
BUN (mg/dl) |
| 0/4 |
Cr (mg/dl) |
The findings of peripheral blood smear are shown in figure 1.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the patient was tested for COVID-19 PCR, which was positive.
Abdominal ultrasound revealed splenomegaly with a craniocaudal spleen diameter of 90 mm, and no pathological findings were seen in other organs.
According to the existence of anemia and thrombocytopenia as well as peripheral blood smear findings, radiographic examination of the bones was performed (figure 2)
According to the above findings, what is your diagnosis?
B. Mahjoubi, D. Ravarri, M. Vafaei, H. Shokoohi, N. Azarakhsh,
Volume 8, Issue 24 (9-2001)
Abstract
According to the type of procedures, excision of extensive and circumferential hemorroids can distored the anal canal and caused anal stricture and mucosal ectropion formation.
The whitehead technique of hemorroidectomy has developed a requtation as undesirable procedure. The chief criticisms have been disturbance of continence, formation of an ectropion, poor healing, stricture formation and prolapse. However with the new modification suggested firstly by authors, these complications were rare or do not occur. In this study 95 patients underwent four flap anal reconstruction (FFAR), performed by authors between 1989 and 1996. All of patients had circumferential prolapsing and bleeding hemorroids and mucosa with or without thrombosis.
Postoperative complications included abscess in one case(1%), flap detachment in 9.8%, flap loss in 3.1%, fissure in 10.6%, anal stricture in 3.1% and high stricture in one case(1%). There were no recurrences and there was no ectropion formation. Total morbidity without early and temporary complications was 4.1%. This study suggested that a new modified whitehead technique named FFAR has become the authors’ procedure of choice for circumferential prolapsing and bleeding hemorrhoids.
Sh Pourarian, A Vafafar, Z Zareh,
Volume 9, Issue 28 (6-2002)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Premature labor is one of the great difficulties endangering the health of the society and undoubtedly one of the tragedies of the world since many people suffer from the consequences of prematurity. An analytic research was performed from the records of all premature infants (gestational age less than 37 weeks) who were admitted to hospital of Shiraz Medical University (Zeinabieh and Hafez)in 1999. 160 neonates were chosen randomly as a control group. The clinical characteristics recorded included: Mother’s age, route of delivery, parity, mother’s difficulties and diseases, prenatal care,sex, apgar, birth weight, gestational age, neonatal diseases and outcome. Among 9743 neonantes who were born at the above mentioned hospitals in one year, 522 newborns were premature infants an incidence of 53.5 per 1000 deliveries. There was a reverse relation between weight and gestational age with neonatal death (P<0.000001). The number of alive infants in normal vaginal delivery (87%) was more than infants born by cesarian sections (71.6%) (P<0.0005). There was no significant relationship between gender and outcome, or the route of delivery and gestational age. In comparison to neonates in the case group, the control group had the highest apgar scores in the first and fifth minute, 22.5% versus 72.5% and %0.6 versus 10.9% respectively (P<0.0002). Regarding prenatal care, the control group enjoyed more care (78.1%) as compared to the case group (50.3%) The most prevalent diseases of premature infants were: respiratory distress syndrome, jaundice, and sepsis. In 78.7% of these neonates, their mothers had problems at delivery time such as: premature rupture of membrane, premature labor pain, and preecclampcia. It is certain that, increasing the mother’s knowledge and information, especially in young mothers, about the dangers of prematurity, the importance of prenatal care and avoidance of premature labor is very imporant factors in decreasing the incidence of prematurity.
A.a Taherian, A.a Vafaei, A Rashidi Pour, H Miladi Gorji, M Jarrahi,
Volume 11, Issue 39 (6-2004)
Abstract
A few studies have shown that stress and glucocorticoids probably interfere in pain control. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dexamethasone(Dex) as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist on acute and chronic pain in formalin test in mice. In this study male albino mice(n=60) in 6 groups(25-30gr) were used. Dex ( 0.5, 1 and 2mg/kg) was injected 30 min before test and stress (St) was caused by 1-min swimming in cold water(18–22˚). Also, formalin test was performed 3 min after inducing St in St groups and 30 min after injection of Dex in Dex+St groups. Indices of signs were licking and foot elevation for assessment of acute pain(5 min) and chronic pain(15-40 min) after injection of formalin 5%(25µl) in right paw. Findings indicated that Dex had analgesia effect in duration of acute and chronic phases compared with control group and St was more effective than Dex effect. The present data provide further evidence for important role of glucocorticoids on relief of acute and chronic pain(P<0.01). Also, the effect of St was higher than Dex. The present data show that St and Dex receptors induce acute and chronic pain in formalin test. More investigation is needed to find antinociception effects of St and Dex.
M Nobahar, A.a Vafaei, F Davachi,
Volume 11, Issue 39 (6-2004)
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia is one of the essential problems in hemodialysis patients and with presence of iron deficiency, EPO does not have any effect on hematocrit(HCT) level and transferrin saturation percentage(TSP). However, injection of IV iron together with EPO improves responses to anemia treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of iron(oral or IV) prescription with or without EPO on HCT levels and TSP in hemodialysis patients in Semnan City. In this case-control study hemodialysis patients were assessed for three months during one year. At first, demographic data including age, sex, marriage situation and treatment time were collected and recorded. Then, drug prescription was investigated, HCT measurement was controlled monthly and TSP for three months. Investigation of data indicated that in patients who used three components(iron oral, IV and EPO) or used iron IV and EPO the levels of HCT and TSP increased significantly (P<0.05), whereas use of iron IV or iron IV and oral indicated a significant increase only in TSP(P<0.05). Also, the use of only oral iron did not have a significant effect (P>0.05). The obtained results showed that oral iron is unlikely to keep iron level in response to EPO. Therefore, patients with anemia and iron deficiency will always require intravenous iron therapy and it is better that they use three components all together.
B Mahjoubi, M Vafaei, M Alimohammadi, A Moghimi,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (9-2005)
Abstract
Treatment of patient with high anal fistulas has become complicated and post-operative complications are common. The aim of this study was to evaluate post-operative complications of primary sphincter’s repair technique in patients with high anal fistula. An interventional quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 patients(42 male & 14 female) with high anal fistula. The most frequent age group was 4th decade in men and 3rd decade in women. Samples were collected in census manner. The method consisted of approach through intersphincteric space, cutting fistula tract. Later, there is an excision of internal opening by punch biopsy and internal sphincter repair. Finally, fistula tract is excised in external sphincter and repaired then. All patients were followed up for at least one month and their complications were evaluated by clinical examination. Relative gas incontinence in 4 patients(6.6%) was the most frequent complication. Recurrence in 2 patients (3.3%) and soiling in 2 patients(3.3%) were the followings. There was no case with complete incontinence. All cases with soiling and recurrence had trans-sphincteric fistula. In contrast to other studies, the frequency of post-operative complications was less. Probable differences would have occurred if the present research had used standard questionnaires or had followed up their patients longer than 1 month.
H Miladi Gorgi, A.a Vafaee, A Rashidipoor, A.a Taherian, M Jarrahi, M Emami Abarghoee, H Sadeghi,
Volume 12, Issue 47 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Melissa officinalis(MO) is a herb which grows in different parts of Iran. In previous studies, it was reported that 10% ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of MO, i.e. leaf and stem, could bring about antinociceptive, anticonvulsive, and sedative effects on rats. This study was designed to evaluate anxiolytic effects of different doses of the aqueous decoction extract of MO and also the role of opioid receptors.
Method: The subjects of this study were ninety-three male mice whose weights ranged from 25-30gr. Different doses of the extract(5, 10, 25, 50mg/kg-IP) were injected to four separated groups of ten(case groups) and water(10ml/kg-IP) was injected to the control group including 10 mice. A pilot study was also carried out on 15 mice. In order to evaluate the role of opioid receptors on anxiolytic effects of the aqueous decoction extract of MO, the rest of the subjects were divided into 4 groups including seven each. Then Naloxone(2mg/kg) and the extract of MO(5 mg/kg) were injected to them. To increase their activity and curiosity, animals were put inside a box with black walls for 5 min. Then animals were transfered to the elevated plus maze at adjusted intervals and their anxiety reactions including enterance numbers and time spent in open arm were recorded in 5 min.
Results: Results indicated that injection of 5mg of the extract reduced anxiety reactions. In comparison to control group, case group animals had both more numbers of entrance and more time spent in open arm(P<0.01). However, higher doses of MO reduced entrance numbers and also time spent in open arm, that is, they had hypnotic effects. Naloxone reduced anxiolytic effects of low doses of Melissa officinalis extract(5mg/kg).
Conclusion: It is concluded that the aqueous extract of MO plays an important role in fear, anxiety and drowsiness so that the lowest dose(5mg/kg) produces anxiolytic effects and higher doses exert hypnotic ones. It is also probable that it works through opioid receptors.
M Jadidi, S.m Firoozabadi, A.a Vafaei,
Volume 13, Issue 51 (6-2006)
Abstract
Background & Aim: In human environment, magnetic fields are created by electrical generators, power lines, and electrical instruments. These fields could affect learning and memory. This study was planned to evaluate whether short time exposure to magnetic fields has any significant effect on spatial memory. Material & Method: In this experimental study, we used 10 male Albino Wistar mice that were trained for spatial memory in a T-maze model within six days. Twenty-four hours after training, animals were tested for retention of discrimination in three stages(control, restrainer and magnetic field) at two-hour intervals and each of the animals was given 5 successive trials at one-minute intervals. The time of movement from the start area until they reached the criterion zone was measured by a chronometer. Magnetic field was induced by a round coil with an internal diameter of 8 cm and 850 turns of copper wire. Maximum intensity of 7.5 mT at the center of the coil was calibrated by a digital teslameter. Results: Evaluation of the results of the three stages indicated that the mean of time was 15.4 s, 11.5 s, 11.3 s respectively. Also, there was a significant difference between the time in the control stage and the other stages (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the restrainer stage and the magnetic field regarding the time measured. Conclusion: Research findings indicated that short time 7.5 mT, 50 Hz magnetic field did not have any significant effect on T-maze alternation tasks in mice and it would probably have no effect on spatial memory process either.
Elham Haghighatjoo, Mohammad Reza Vafa, Farzad Shidfar, Mahmood Reza Gohari, Amir Ziaee,
Volume 18, Issue 84 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of apple consumption on lipid profile and oxidative stress indices among hyperlipidemic men.
Methods: We performed an experimental study on 46 hyperlipidemic men [Total Cholesterol (TC)=200-240 mg/dl, Triglyceride(TG)=150-350mg/dl] aged 30-50 years who were randomly divided into two (apple and control) groups. The apple group (23 subjects) received 300 gr of whole apple per day (Golden delicious) for 8 weeks. Control group (23 subjects) had the regular dietary pattern for the same period of time. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after intervention (after 8 weeks) and analyzed for serum TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and plasma oxidative stress indices of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) level. Before study, education level and family size were compared in both the groups. Before and after intervention, physical activity and dietary intake were compared between the two groups . Both total polyphenol and total fiber in the consumed apples were measured. Total polyphenol and total fiber were 485 mg/kg fresh apple and 4.03 gr/100 gr fresh apple, respectively. Chi square and t-tests with SPSS V.16 were used for data analysis.
Results: After 8 weeks, mean different TG concentrations increased significantly in apple group as compared to control group however, no significant differences were observed in regards to TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, MDA and TAC level between the two groups.
Conclusion: Consumption of Golden delicious apple may increase serum TG concentration in hyperlipidemic men. However, we need more studies to study the effect of Golden delicious apple on serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C concentrations and plasma MDA and TAC indices.
Hadis Sabour, Abbas Norouzi Javidan, Farzad Shidfar, Mohammad Reza Vafa, Somayeh Athari Nik Azm, Firozeh Firozeh Ghaderi, Abbas Rahimi, Hassan Emam Razavi,
Volume 18, Issue 92 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) are susceptible to various diseases including dislipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). In this study for the first time, we evaluated the relationship between dietary intake and metabolic variables of 162 patients.
Methods: This cross sectional study was done in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All of the consumed food items and the variables were measured. Independent-sample t-test was used for comparison of dietary intake and serum profile. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate predicting variables of serum variables.
Results: Men as compared to women had higher triglycerides (TG) levels and lower HDL-C levels (p<0.05). Patients with paraplegia compared to those with tetraplegia had significantly higher total cholesterol and LDL-C levels (p<0.001).
In regard to serum profile, there is a positive correlation between LDL-C levels and age (p<0.05). Dietary intake of saturated fat showed positive correlation with FBS (p<0.05). Moreover, there is a significant negative correlation between LDL-C levels and dietary intake of PUFA (p<0.05). Body Mass Intake (BMI), cholesterol intake and level of trauma were positive predictors for serum cholesterol. Waist circumference, level of injury and cholesterol intake were positive predictors for serum LDL. Moreover, PUFA intake and education level were negative predictor for serum LDL.
Conclusion: Despite low intake of saturated fat and cholesterol in older participants, serum LDL level was high. Male group had higher levels of TG. So, attention to dietary intake of patients with SCI and encouraging healthy dietary habits may have important effects on their health.
Maryam Kadivar, Atefeh Vafa, Atena Farahzadi, Sepideh Khani,
Volume 18, Issue 93 (3-2012)
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a benign disease of female genital system, which often occurs in the reproductive age and it is defined by the presence of tissue resembling endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Endometriosis is found in two types of pelvic and extrapelvic. The most common type of extrapelvic endometriosis is cutaneous endometriosis which can occur either spontaneously or secondary to abdomino-pelvic surgeries. Abdominal wall endometriosis is the most common type of cutaneous endometriosis that its diagnosis is difficult. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of abdominal wall endometriosis in patients with endometriosis.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 323 patients with endometriosis and definite histopathological diagnosis who admitted in Rasool-Akram, Shariati and Atieh Hospitals during 1384 to 1389, were enrolled. The sampling method was census and the study variables included patient age, history of pelvic or abdominal surgery, history of cesarean section and the delivery frequency of patients, location of endometriosis and its clinical presentation. Information was gathered from medical records of patients. Finally, data analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results : The prevalence of Extra Pelvic endometriosis was calculated 14.8% (48 cases that 40 cases were abdominal wall endometriosis, 5 cases cervical endometriosis, vaginal endometriosis in 1 case and 2 cases of perineal endometriosis). The prevalence of abdominal wall endometriosis was 12.3 percent of all cases of endometriosis in which cesarean scar endometriosis and umbilical endometriosis were found in 38 cases (11.7 %) and 2 cases (0.6%) respectively. History of previous cesarean section in patients with abdominal wall endometriosis was significantly more than patients with other types of endometriosis (100% vs. 24.6%) (p=0.0001). Average number of delivery and cesarean section in patients with abdominal wall endometriosis were significantly higher than other patients (p= 0.002 and p= 0.0001 respectively). Infertility in patients with endometriosis in other places was significantly higher than patients with abdominal wall endometriosis (p= 0.01). The predominant symptom in patients with abdominal wall endometriosis was, localized pain and swelling in abdominal wall at the surgical scar that become worse during menstruation.
Conclusion : abdominal wall endometriosis is seen in two forms of surgical scar and umbilical endometriosis. The prevalence of abdominal wall endometriosis among all types of endometriosis was 12.3% and all the cases of abdominal wall endometriosis have the positive history of cesarean section. The mean age of these patients was 34 years, and attention to this prevalence, predominant symptoms, prevalent age, and history of cesarean section in patients, will help and facilitate the diagnosis.
Salma Mahmoodianfard, Mohammadreza Vafa, Fatemeh Golgiri, Mohsen Khoshniat Nikoo, Mahmood Reza Gohari, Mahmoud Djalali,
Volume 20, Issue 108 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background: Micronutrient deficiencies of zinc and selenium can lead to thyroid dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of zinc and selenium supplementation on thyroid function of over-weight or obese hypothyroid female patients.
Methods : This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial study. Sixty-eight over-weight or obese hypothyroid female patients randomly allocated in one of the four supplementation groups receiving zinc+selenium (zinc gluconate contains 30 mg zinc and selenium yeast contains 200 μg selenium), zinc+placebo, selenium+placebo or placebo+placebo for 12 weeks. At baseline and at the end of the study, general information, anthropometric factors, dietary intake and biochemical parameters were measured. Physical activity questionnaire was completed. The N4 and SPSS software version 16 were performed for nutritional and statistical analysis.
Results: After the intervention period, no significant changes were found in serum zinc and selenium levels. Significant increase was observed in serum FT3 levels in the zinc+selenium group (p<0.05) and zinc+placebo (p<0.01) compared to baseline. This effect was significant in the zinc+placebo group compared to those in the selenium+placebo or placebo+placebo groups (p<0.05). Serum FT4 increased and TSH decreased significantly in the zinc+selenium group (p <0.05). TT3 and TT4 had a significant reduction in the selenium+placebo group (p <0.05). No significant changes were found for TT3, FT4, TT4 or TSH between groups.
Conclusions: This study showed some evidence of supplementation effects of zinc alone or in combination with selenium on thyroid function of over-weight or obese hypothyroid female patients.
Ensiyeh Seyed Rezazadeh, Mohammad Reza Vafa, Fariba Kolahdooz, Hamideh Koosha, Fathollah Poorali, Fariba Mahmoodpour, Fariba Bakhshiyan, Mohammad Saleh Al - E Molana, Mahboobeh Shaneshin, Saeedeh Vaseti,
Volume 20, Issue 109 (7-2013)
Abstract
Background:
The aim of the study is to assess knowledge and behavior of participants about
dietary fats pattern. Also, our goal was to design a nutrition education
program about dietary fat intakes which is relatively brief and low cost in
terms of time and material.
Methods: In this
experimental study we recruited three groups of household women under the cover
of health centers of Tabriz city as Random-cluster sampling method. Group A (n= 90) participated for 3 sessionsand
group B (n= 86) for 5 sessions education intervention about dietary fat
pattern. Also group C (n= 90) were allocated as control group. We randomly
selected some partners (n= 65) of intervention groups (group A and B), as
reinforces factors, the other control group. For evaluation, a knowledge and
behavior questionnaire was administrated to all groups. Furthermore, the
effectiveness of education was compared among two intervention groups with
different attendance classes.
Results: For mean scores
knowledge, no significant difference existed between groups. Mean score of
behavior were less than 50% in all groups [group A: 49.3±16.5, group B:
44.3±17.7, group C: 43.57±13.5 and group M: 50.51±18.66]. Mean scores of
knowledge and behavior showed a significant difference in the intervention
groups(post-test versus pre-test)[ group A: 79.4±23.6 and group B 83.22±21.5, p<0.001].
Different impacts of class attendances have not significant effectiveness for
knowledge and behavior to compare two intervention groups (groups A and B), but
significant compared control group (group C) (p=0.0001).
Conclusions: Women
had low knowledge about optimal dietary fat pattern and behavior levels were
poor. Short time education program was effective for household women.
Neda Haghighat, Mohammadreza Vafa, Shahryar Eghtesadi, Iraj Heidari, Agha Fatemeh Hoseini,
Volume 20, Issue 109 (7-2013)
Abstract
Background:
Tocotrienolswhich
were neglected in the past, today get attentions due to their antioxidant and
none-antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the
effects of 8 weeks consumption of 15 ml T3 enriched canola oil (200mg/day T3)
on glycemic controlandoxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods:
Thisclinical
trial was conducted on 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (FBS> 126
mg/dl) who were randomly assigned in two (intervention and control) groups.
Intervention group (n=25) received 15 ml T3 enriched canola oil (200mg/day T3) or pure canola oil. Blood
samples of patients were collected to measure fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting insulin, Total Antioxidant Capacity
(TAC), Malon Di Aldehyde (MDA) levels and Homeostasis Model Assessment for
Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR).Physical activity levels and nutrients intake
were evaluated before and after intervention and were compared between the
groups.
Results: FBS, TAC, and MDA were declined significantly by 20, 25 and 35%
respectively, in T3 treated group. At the end of the study, intervention group
had significantly lower FBS, MDA than control group. A non-significant decrease
was also observed in HOMA-IR in intervention group with no changes in insulin
levels.
Conclusions: These data suggest that tocotrienols
may improve glycemic status, oxidative stress indicators, in diabetic patients
but the effects on insulin sensisivity need to investigate more in future.
Atefeh Tahavorgar, Mohammadreza Vafa, Farzad Shidfar, Mahmood Reza Gohari, Iraj Heydari,
Volume 20, Issue 115 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: In
this study, the effects of consumption of Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) were
compared with Isolated Soy Protein (ISP) on metabolic, inflammatory and
oxidative stress factors in healthy overweight and obese men.
Methods: In this double
- blind randomized clinical trial, 45 healthy overweight and obese men drank
either 65 gr WPC or 60 gr ISP in 500 ml water 30 min before lunch. Fasting
blood samples were analyzed before and after the study, Systolic Blood Pressure
(SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) were investigated before and after the study and
every two weeks.
Results: At the end, there was a significant
difference between the groups for SBP (p<0.02), DBP (p=0.001), Apo
lipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), Apo B, Malondialdehyde – MDA (p<0.001), (Low
Density Lipoprotein -LDL) (p=0.015), (High Density Lipoprotein – HDL) (p=
0.017), (Highsensitive C- reactive Proetein – hs – CRP) (p=0.002). At week 12,
the difference between the groups was nonsignificant for (Total Cholesterol –
TC) (p=0.22), (Triglyceride – TG) and (Very Low – Density Lipoprotein – VLDL)
(p=0.19) and (Fasting Blood Sugar - FBS) (p=0.44). In WPC group, the decrease
of FBS, SBP, DBP, MDA, apo B, VLDL, TG, LDL (p<0.001) and TC and hs-CRP (p=
0.001) was significant. Increase of HDL and apo A-I was respectively
(p<0.001) and (p=0.001) significant. After 12 weeks in ISP there was a
significant decrease for DBP (p=0.001) and other variables did not differ
significantly.
Conclusions: Consumption of
65 grams of WPC and 60 grams of ISP before meal during 12 weeks can decrease
CHD risk factors in healthy over weight and obese men and this is more
effective for WPC.
Samira Amani Kelarijani, Farzad Shidfar, Mohamad Reza Vafa, Mohamad Reza Eshraqian, Ramin Shekarriz,
Volume 21, Issue 129 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common
nutritional disorder, and since the iron content of the diet
is relatively stable and it is difficult to increase dietary iron intake, supplements are used for treatment. Studies have reported the concomitant effect of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in increase of iron content and reduction
sensitivity to oxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of iron supplementation
alone and in combination with DHA on indices of iron deficiency anemia in women with
iron deficiency anemia.
Methods: In a double-blind
clinical trial, 76 women aged 15-45 years randomly divided into two groups, df
(receiving 500 mg DHA + one tablet of ferrous sulfate containing 50-mg of
elemental Iron) and pf (receiving placebo containing 500 mg corn oil +
one tablet of ferrous sulfate, 50 mg of elemental iron). Before and after 12
weeks, fasting blood samples were taken from both groups and blood indices were
measured.
Results: After intervention, the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), the
percentage of hematocrit (HCT), serum
iron, in both groups compared with baseline, significantly increased. Total iron-binding capacity was significantly
reduced in both groups.
Mean corpusclar volume (MCV) level was significantly increased only in df and
increase of Mean Corpuscular
Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in any of the groups was not significant. Average change of these
parameters between the two groups was not significant.
Conclusion: DHA
supplementation does not effect on blood indices of iron anemia.
Mohammad Mohammadi, Shahryar Eghtesadi, Mohammadreza Vafa, Iraj Heydari, Masoud Salehi, Esmat Shirbeigi, Hamed Mohammadi,
Volume 23, Issue 143 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a major public health problem globally. This study was performed to investigate the effect of hesperidin supplementation on markers of glucose and lipid, insulin levels and insulin resistance. Methods: Forty-five patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial. Subjects consumed 500 mg/d hesperidin supplement in the intervention group (n=23) and 500 mg/d placebo in the control group (n=22), for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at the baseline and end of study. The levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, and insulin resistance were measured and compared. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software by using independent t test and Paired t test. Results: Hesperidin supplementation led to significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (P=0.04) and HbA1C (P=0.02). A significant increase in serum insulin and decrease in total cholesterol (P=0.01 and P=0.04, respectively) were observed in the hesperidin group, whereas no significant changes in the placebo group were observed. Conclusions: The present study showed that the intake of hesperidin could lead to decreased levels of FBG, HbA1c and TC and increased levels of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Camellia Akhgarjand, Mohammadreza Vafa, Koroush Jafarian, Hamid Rezavani,
Volume 23, Issue 150 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background: Studies showed that, reduction balance impaired in cancer cells versus normal cells and changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant have been observed. Poor Nutritional status that is shown by body composition, is an important concern in cancer patients. So that our objects were evaluation of some vitamins and antioxidant index and body composition.
Method: During two years, 30 ALL patients that admitted to hospital was invited. On the first day of chemotherapy, before taking any medication, 10 ml blood was taken from these patients then, their nutrition intakes, weight and body composition were evaluated by e-body scale. At the end of the eighth course of chemotherapy, these evaluation were repeated.
Results: Data analysis represented significant decrease in body weight, body mass index, fat free mass percentage and significant increase in body fat percentage, serum vitamin E, total antioxidant capacity and super oxide dismutase and no significant changes in serum vitamin C at the end of the eighth course of chemotherapy.
Conclusion: Chemotherapy and remission cause improvement in antioxidant status in these patients. Also chemotherapy not only decrease body weight but also reduced fat free mass percentage in this patients. This problem shows the need for more serious nutritional support. Key words: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Antioxidant status, Body composition
Mahsa Yavari, Seyed Alijavad Moosavai, Leila Janani, Zahra Feyzi, Mohamadreza Vafa,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most important chronic respiratory diseases. One of the causes of its occurrence and exacerbation is imbalance in the antioxidant and inflammatory systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of these vitamins on functional lung tests in adults with pulmonary fibrosis.
Methods: 33 patients participated in this quazi clinical trial for 3 months and supplemented with E, C and D vitamins with 200 IU, 250 mg and 50000IU doses, respectively. At the beginning and end of study anthropometric measurements and Body Mas Index (BMI), 24-hour recall, physical activity, sun exposure and Saint George questionnaires were investigated. Moreover, lung function factors were measured by using spirometry and plethysmography. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 and paired t-test statistical test.
Results: The results obtained from spirometry and plethysmography tests represent a significant increase in percent of FEV1 (p= 0.016), IRV (p= 0.001), RV (p= 0.002) and TLC (p= 0.003). But there was no significant difference in percentage of FVC, VC, FEV1/FVC and ERV (p> 0.05). The rates of respiratory function have significant improvement according to the Saint George questionnaire. Also, there was no significant difference in confounding variables.
Conclusion: It seems that taking 3 months of D, C and E vitamins in patients with lung fibrosis has a significant effect on respiratory function.
