Showing 11 results for Ehteshami Afshar
Amin Ehteshami Afshar, Mohammad Mehdi Zahmatkesh, Asadollah Asadian,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-1999)
Abstract
It is known that spiromentry is the most conventional method to determine pulmonary function. In spirometry, the shape of flow-volume loop is the most helpful finding to evaluate pulmonary dysfunction. Obstruction is best demonstrated by the slope of the descending portln of the exhalation curve. Measurement of fJ-angle is helpful for determination of this slope. fJ-angle is defined by 3 points in flow-volume loop. The first one, the vertex of the angle, is the point of maximum flow in mid vital capacity. The second point is the end of vital capacity on volume axis and the last one is the point of peak flow on the flow axis. In this study, 325 cases, both smoker and non-smoker, were studied. Rsults show thatfJ-angle decreases by increasing age over 30 years. There is no significant difference in size of fJ-angle between smokers smoking less than 20 pack-years and non-smokers. But, size of this angle decreases in smokers smoking more than 20 pack-years. Size of fJ-angle decreases with obstructive diseases but there is no change in it's size in restrictive diseases. Size of fJ-angle decreases when VC, FEV1, FEF25-75 or FEV1/FVC decrease.
Mohammad Mehdi Zahmatkesh, Bagher Afshar, Amin Ehteshami Afshar,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-1999)
Abstract
It is known that the smoke of the firewood ovens and flour dust are factors that cause airway dysfunctions such as chronic bronchitis and occupational asthma in bakers. For determing the effects of these factors on pulmonary function tests of those bakers who use conventional ovens with fuels other than firewood, we examined 200 bakers in west of Tehran city. In these cases, pulmonary function tests were performed and different parameters such as FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75% were measured. A comparision was made between these cases and a control group. In this study, the results show that pulmonary function tests of the bakers who have 5 to 30 years of service are not significantly different from that of control group. Thus, it can be concluded that in the study population working with conventional ovens did not lead to a significant chronic airway dysfunction. |
A. Ehteshami Afshar, M. Zahmatkesh, B. Afshar, A. Asadian,
Volume 7, Issue 19 (6-2000)
Abstract
Spirometry and flow - volume loop show the abnormal pattern of pulmonary dysfunction and the site of the obstruction of upper and peripheral airways. For determinig the shape of flow - volume loop in obstruction of carina and bronchus we examined 19 patients with large airway obstruction documented with fiberoptic bronchoscopy via pulmonary function testing and flow volume loop performing. Two patients a bout 70% obstruction of carina had F-V loop compatible with upper aiway obstrucion. 10 patients with obstruction of right or left main or intermedius bronchus had PFT criteria of restrictive pulmonary dysfunction but no change in F-V loop. In seven patients with lobar bronchus obstruction this obstruction did not change the shape of flow - volume loop. We reached to the conclusion that F-V loop in obstruction of carina is the same as fixed upper airway obstruction but obstruction in main and intermediate bronchuses show normal F-V loop with restrictive pattern, and obstruction of lobar bronchus dose not significantly change the shape of F-V loop or pulmonary function parameters. |
A Ehteshami Afshar, M.a.j Moosavi, N Aram, M Deldar, S Raiisi, M Goharzad Ataie , A Moghimi, F Nejatifar, N Nekoie,
Volume 8, Issue 26 (3-2002)
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the main cause of death in cancer diseases, both in men and women. The high incidence and poor prognosis of the lung cancer makes it a major health priblem in the last few decades. Determination of frequency of different histopathologic types of primary lung cancer has great importance in creating integrated treatment programs and to recognize the effective factors causing the disease. Specially there is not enough information about this subjects in Iran. This study has been designed to fulfill the above requirements. This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study and explanation using a sample volume of 384 patients. Used Sampling method was a multistage one. At first, Tehran was divided into 5 areas. After that one hospital was chosen in each area. Finally, samples are related to years 1991-1998 from these hospitals (Emam Khomainie, Hazrat Rasul-e Akram, Firoozgar, Labbafeenejad, Massih Daneshvari and Haft-e Tir) were collected.
From 384 samples, 77.1% were male and 22.9% were famale. The average age of those suffering, ranged from 63.01 ± 1.34 years so most of those suffering were in their 7 th decade of life. From them 57% were cigarette smokers and 13.22% were opioid users. In the smokers group, the averge cigarette consumption were 32.13 ± 3.6 packs per year and this would be increased with age. The most common type of malignancy were as following: squamous cell carcinoma (51.6%), adnocarcinoma (16.4%), small cell carcinoma (14.3%), large cell carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, bronchial gland carcinoma and adensquamous carcinoma. There was a meaningful relationship between smoking habit and incidence of SCC and adnocarcinoma (P=0.000). There was also a meaningful relationship between sex and type of malignancy (P=0.000). The most common signs, were cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis and chest pain.
As there are frequent types of malignant lung cancer, the results are considerably different from those are obtained from other countries. This difference has been confirmed by other similar studies carried out in the country. This suggest that the probability of these difference is related to different risk factors in our country from others. These finding makes obligate us to have effective plan for recognition of them for prevention purposes.
M.m Zahmatkesh, A Ehteshami Afshar, M Rezaian, R Emamzadegan, A Chehrei,
Volume 8, Issue 26 (3-2002)
Abstract
The first step in diagnosing the cause of effusion is to differentiate exudate from transudate. In according to that, Light’s criteria has been used for years, but sometimes the amount of protein and LDH of the pleural effusion remains at the borderline, therefore detecting other components may be useful.
This research is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 70 patients having pleural effusion, the levels of LDH, bilirubin, cholestrol and protein in the pleural fluid and serum were measured. Light’s criteria also was used as “gold standard”. The cholestrol level above than 60 mg/dl and the ratio of cholestrol and of pleural fluid to that of serum above than 0.3 and 0.6 respectively were considered to be the characteristics of an exudate. In the analysis of the results, specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood ratio and accuracy were used.
The sensitivity and the specificity of the ratio of bilirubin in the pleural effusion to serum was measured to be 5.4% and 69.2% respectively, for pleural cholesterol as 81.5% and 66.6%, for the ratio of pleural cholestrol to serum as 87.2% and 68.6%, PPV as 87.2%, NPV as 68.4%, PLR as 2.75 and NLR as 0.18.
Thoroughly, the results of the ratio of Pleural cholestrol to that serum and pleural cholestrol, proned to have more diagnostic values than the bilirubin level in differentiating exudate from transudate.
A Ehteshami Afshar, M.m Zahmatkesh, A Mirabzadeh,
Volume 8, Issue 27 (3-2002)
Abstract
INTRODUCING TWO CASES OF FACTITIOUS DISORDER WITH SAME PULMONARY PRESENTATION
ABSTRACT
Organic presentation is the main complain in psychiatric disorders which represent in different features, symptoms like shortness of breath and chronic cough are common when patient complication of pulmonary problems. One of the psychiatric disorder which presents with organic problems is factitious disorder. In this disorder patient complain about some organic dysfunctions that are voluntary but unconsciously. Patient tries to deceive the physician and his or her relatives without any obvious and recognazible to assume the sick role.In this article we introduce two cases with chief complaint of hemoptysis that we found production of this physical sign was intentional and the motivation for the behavior is to assume the sickrole. The diagnosis of these two patients was factitious disorder with prodominantly physical signs and symptoms.
A Ehteshami Afshar, A Assadian, M.m Zahmatkesh, B Sabet,
Volume 9, Issue 28 (6-2002)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Exercise is one of the most prevalent predisposing factors of asthma and in mild asthma, clinical symptoms may appear only because of physical activity-clear under standing of exersise-induced asthma in order to reduce it’s complication and finding more effective treatments should cause to sight especially with respect to asthma because one sporter might be accused of doping. In a clinical Trial study the general population is all soccer-players of city of Tehran. Selected in study. Four soccer-clubs were selected randomly as a cluster random sampling and causes was carried out of the players. Data collection was after history-taking physical examination and spirometry at rest and 5 and 12 minutes after exercise. The mean age of 100 players in the investigation was 20 ± 4.26 years old, The mean FEV1 5 minutes befored, 5 and 12 minutes after exercise were 4.15 ± 0.44, 4.13 ± 0.54 and 4.12 ± 0.49. FEV1 change seemed to reduce with the elevation of age. As the whole %6 people had FEV1 reduction 15 to 17% and mean of FEV1 change before exercise of 4.28 ± 0.52 and in the twelvth minute after exercise it was 3.57 ± 0.33. Asthma prevalence was 6% in this sample in comparison with 3 to 11% reportes in similar studies. Low prevalence observed in this study may due to high age mean. And lacking a history of allergy and pulmonary disease.
Key Words: 1) Asthma 2) Exercise induced asthma 3) Foot bal player
M.m Zahmatkesh, A Ehteshami Afshar, M Zarifi, M Mousavi, D Goldarbar,
Volume 11, Issue 42 (12-2004)
Abstract
Firefighters and fire victims are exposed to different particles of fire smoke and high temperature of the fire. In order to evaluate pulmonary complaints and function test, 120 firefighters were randomly chosen from different stations and were studied by questionnaire and spirometry. They were then compared with medical college personnels who were not significantly different from them in terms of age, high risk exposure and smoking. SPSS software, T-test, chi-squared test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. There was a significant difference in pulmonary complaints such as cough, sputum, wheezing and dyspnea between firefighters and the control group but FEV-1 and FEV-1/FVC were higher in firefighters. However, no significant difference in FVC and the size of beta angle was detected. Although fire fighters had more symptoms, their pulmonary function test in FEV-1 and FEV-1/FVC was better than that of the control group.
A Ehteshami Afshar, R Naghshin, A.a Amidshahi, S.m Fereshtehnejad, M Naserbakht,
Volume 13, Issue 52 (9-2006)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Waterpipe smoking is increasingly becoming a worldwide phenomenon with populations in the Eastern Mediterranean region like Iran. However, most recent researches have put their focus on cigarette rather than waterpipe smoking. Although research on the health effects of waterpipe is still scarce, preliminary evidence links waterpipe use to respiratory, cardiovascular and cancer diseases. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of hubble-bubble(waterpipe) smoking on pulmonary function. Patients & Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed as census procedure. All 1014 individuals with respiratory symptoms who referred to Hazrat Rasoul and Haft-e-Tir Hospitals in Tehran, from October 2003 to October 2004, were enrolled in the study. Spirometric indices, demographic data, history of cigarette and waterpipe smoking were recorded. Data was later analyzed via SPSS V.11.5 software using statistical tests such as Chi2, t-test, one-way ANOVA and correlation and Pvalue<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 1014 individuals evaluated in this study, there were 691(68.1%) men and 323(31.9%) women with the mean age of 51.20(SD=17.74) years. 94(9.3%) individuals had the history of waterpipe smoking, whereas the other 920(90.7%) had never smoked hubble-bubble. The mean of spirometric indices such as FEV1 and FEF25-75 were 72.24%(SD=24.64) and 67.93%(SD=34.84), respectively. There was not any significant association between waterpipe smoking & FEV1(P=0.213), and duration of waterpipe smoking & FEV1(P=0.975). Also, no significant relationship was seen between waterpipe smoking and FEF25-75(P=0.185). However, both cigarette smoking and its duration had significant effect on FEV1 and FEF25-75. Conclusion: Studies on the health effects of this smoking method(hubble-bubble) are scanty and often suffer from poor control of other confounding factors such as cigarette smoking. While, previous studies suggested that hubble-bubble smoking could affect respiratory function, blood pressure, and heart rate, this study did not show any significant association between waterpipe smoking and some spirometric indices(FEV1 and FEF25-75). The effect of tobacco in this kind of usage(waterpipe) probably becomes ineffective because of other effects such as mucolytic effect of this type of smoking.
H.a. Sadeghi, M.m. Zahmatkesh, A. Ehteshami Afshar, N. Paziraee,
Volume 15, Issue 0 (Autumn,Winter 2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The present studies on kyphoscoliosis operation demonstrate different results on lung volume changes. Some observations show increased, some show decreased and other studies show no changes in the dynamic respiratory flows.
In this study we evaluated lung volumes before and after surgery. We also evaluated the correlation of repiratory lung volume changes with mean of Cobb's angle.
Patients and Methods: In this observational descriptive study, 18 non smoker patients with idiopathic scoliosis were included. Cobb's angle, lung volume and flow were measured before and after surgery with spirometer. Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. To consider height and weight changes during the follow ups, we used percentage relative to normal instead of absolute volumes.
Results: From 30 patients included in this study we followed 18. Mean follow up duration was 34.5±19.6 months (SD=19.6) Dynamic volume changes were: VC=13.4 SD=8.6 (P<0.005), FVC=9.22 SD=14 (p<0.001) and FEV1=9.8 SD=15 (p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between lung volume changes and Cobb's angle changes. There was weak inverse correlation between mean value of dynamic volume changes and mean changes in Cobb's angle after surgery the greater the cobb's angle changes, the lesser the lung volume changes.
Conclusion: In this study there was significant decrement of dynamic lung volumes after corrective surgery for thoracic curve scoliosis. There was no correlation between the degree of corrective angle and the amount of lung volume changes. There was a weak linear correlation between cobb's angle and lung volumes before surgery. Greater the angle changes, lesser the lung volume changes.There was a weak inverse correlation between the mean value of Cobb's angle and changes in dynamic lung volume after surgery.
M Barati, S.a Javad Mousavi, S Noorbakhsh, M Talebi Taher, A Ehteshami Afshar, A Tabatabaii,
Volume 17, Issue 71 (5-2010)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Streptococcal pneumoneae is the most common etiologic agent of community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumococcal isolation from sputum can only demonstrate the possibility of pnumococcal infection because of the possibility of carrying. Definitive diagnosis is made by isolation of pnumococcus from blood and sterile body fluids. Real percentage of positive blood culture in pnumococcal pneumonia is around 15-30%. If urine pneumococcal antigen detection is added to conventional laboratory methods, pnumococcal diagnosis can be increased by 38.9%. The aim of this survey was determining the prevalence of pnumococcal pneumonia in bacterial pneumonia through isolation of pneumococcal antigen from urine.
Patients and Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on patients diagnosed with acute bacterial pneumonia. The subjects were above the age of 18 and admitted to Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in 2007. Urine samples of patients were tested for antigen detection by immunochromatographic method with Binax NOW Streptococcus pneumoneae test. Blood samples of all patients were cultured. Patients who were admitted for elective surgery and had no infection entered the study as a control group. Quantitative variables were evaluated by using mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables were evaluated by using percentage.
Results: From the total of 43 patients, 26(60.5%) were men and 17(39.5%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 55.47 ( ± 22.46) years. S.pneumoneae was isolated from 2 (4.65%) patients by culture( blood and pleural culture ) and from five (11.6%) patients by urine antigen test. S.pneumoneae was seen only in spring and winter. Normal leukocyte count was seen in 2 cases and lukocytosis existed in 3 of them. Lobar infiltration was seen in 4 subjects and pleural effusion in 1. In 2 cases of positive pneumococcal culture, urine pneumococcal antigen test was positive. None of the members of the control group had positive urine pneumococcal antigen test.
Conclusion: Pneumococcal antigen was isolated from the urine of 5 patients. There was no positive urine pneumococcal antigen test in the control group,which reveals pneumococcal carriage in adults is very low in this study. This study shows urine pneumococcal antigen test is a good diagnostic tool in adults and can help establish diagnosis.
