Research code: 162566751
Ethics code: IR.IAU.SRB.REC.1399.178
Clinical trials code: 1. Torre LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A. Global Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates and Trends--An
Azad University , abednazari@gmail.com
Abstract: (361 Views)
Background and Aims:
Melanoma is the most severe subset of skin cancer that has high invasive power and rapid metastasis to other organs. Recently, the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of cancer has received much attention. Pineapple belongs to the bromoliaceae family and the subfamily Bromolyidae, which is one of the most popular tropical fruits, including protein, fat, sugars, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, enzyme, bromilinil. Organic free is vitamin C, vitamin A, B, whose anti-cancer properties have been proposed. P53 is a tumor-inhibiting gene that is more associated with cancer. The aim of this study was to study the changes in liver tissue p53 gene expression and tumor volume after aerobic exercise and pineapple extract consumption in mic with melanoma cancer.
Materials and Methods:
This study was performed on 32 C57 mice (Weight: 12-14gr) .After culture of melanoma cancer cell line, tumor induction was performed in mice and aerobic training and gavage protocols were performed on them in four groups including control, aerobic training, pineapple extract and aerobic-pineapple training. The aerobic exercise program was performed for six weeks with the treadmill. Familiarization protocol was performed at a speed of 6-10 meters per minute for tow week. The continuous training program started at 14 meters per minute in the first two weeks and finally reached 16 meters per minute in the last two weeks. In order to eliminate the effect of stress on the studied variables, control mice were also placed on the treadmill for the duration of the exercise program for 20 minutes.pineapple extract was gavage at 300 mg / kg. Weight was measured with a digital scale and tumor volume of mice using a caliper. 48 hours after the last training session, blood sampling and liver tissue were performed, expression of p53 gene of liver tissue was performed by RT-PCR. Then, the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, two-factor analysis of variance and post hoc, and a significance level of p≤0.05 was considered.The above research has the code of ethics IR.IAU.SRB.REC.1399.178 in the Medical Ethics Committee of the Azad University, Science and Research Branch.
Results:
The results showed that compared to the control group, aerobic exercise and pineapple exercise significantly reduced tumor volume and increased expression of hepatic p53 gene.Levels of variables including mice weight, tumor volume, P53 gene, mice as mean +/- standard deviation are reported in Table 1. Table 2 shows the results of two-factor analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc as well as the effect size of the groups.
Table 1 Descriptive table of levels of variables studied in research groups (standard deviation+/- of mean)
Table 2 Results of two-factor and post hoc analysis of variance and the effect size of the groups
Conclusion:
The findings of the present study showed that aerobic exercise and pineapple extract resulted in weight loss and significant reduction in tumor volume and increased expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene in experimental groups compared to controls in liver tissue. The results showed that the weight of mice was lower in the experimental groups than in the control group, while in the training-pineapple group, the weight loss was higher. The results also showed that the tumor volume decreased in the experimental groups, which was significant in the pineapple and interactive exercise-pineapple groups, and in the exercise group, there was a non-significant decrease in the tumor volume of mice with melanoma cancer. With melanoma further reduced the size of the effect of pineapple extract. The results also showed that the changes in tumor volume between the exercise-pineapple and control groups showed a greater decrease than the other groups, which is significant, and in the other groups there is a significant decrease compared to the control group. These results indicate that different types of exercise can play an effective role in suppressing tumor growth. All of these findings emphasize the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training in mice with cancer, which can also lead to a significant reduction in tumor volume. The results of the present study also showed that the expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene was significantly increased in the experimental groups, which was higher in the exercise and exercise-pineapple groups. The importance of autonomic functions of p53 tumor suppressor cancer cells (encoded by TP53) has been identified in many studies, but it is now clear that the status of p53 cancer cells also has a significant effect on the immune response. The most obvious result of the loss or mutation of p53 in mice and humans is the increased development of cancer. It is clear that the main function of p53 in humans is to protect against the progression of malignancy, but other functions of p53 are the ability to regulate immune responses and their role in the pathology of non-cancerous diseases, including wound healing, wound healing and wound healing or viral infection control. The mechanisms regulated by P53 also regulate mitochondrial respiration and help maintain genomic stability. Studies show that improving aerobic metabolism by P53, which acts as a tumor suppressor, may provide future cancer prevention strategies. Since herbal compounds have fewer side effects compared to chemical compounds, identifying new strategies for using medicinal plants as a suitable alternative to chemical drugs along with proper exercise can help cancer patients recover.
Melanoma is the most severe subset of skin cancer that has high invasive power and rapid metastasis to other organs. Recently, the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of cancer has received much attention. Pineapple belongs to the bromoliaceae family and the subfamily Bromolyidae, which is one of the most popular tropical fruits, including protein, fat, sugars, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, enzyme, bromilinil. Organic free is vitamin C, vitamin A, B, whose anti-cancer properties have been proposed. P53 is a tumor-inhibiting gene that is more associated with cancer. The aim of this study was to study the changes in liver tissue p53 gene expression and tumor volume after aerobic exercise and pineapple extract consumption in mic with melanoma cancer.
Materials and Methods:
This study was performed on 32 C57 mice (Weight: 12-14gr) .After culture of melanoma cancer cell line, tumor induction was performed in mice and aerobic training and gavage protocols were performed on them in four groups including control, aerobic training, pineapple extract and aerobic-pineapple training. The aerobic exercise program was performed for six weeks with the treadmill. Familiarization protocol was performed at a speed of 6-10 meters per minute for tow week. The continuous training program started at 14 meters per minute in the first two weeks and finally reached 16 meters per minute in the last two weeks. In order to eliminate the effect of stress on the studied variables, control mice were also placed on the treadmill for the duration of the exercise program for 20 minutes.pineapple extract was gavage at 300 mg / kg. Weight was measured with a digital scale and tumor volume of mice using a caliper. 48 hours after the last training session, blood sampling and liver tissue were performed, expression of p53 gene of liver tissue was performed by RT-PCR. Then, the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, two-factor analysis of variance and post hoc, and a significance level of p≤0.05 was considered.The above research has the code of ethics IR.IAU.SRB.REC.1399.178 in the Medical Ethics Committee of the Azad University, Science and Research Branch.
Results:
The results showed that compared to the control group, aerobic exercise and pineapple exercise significantly reduced tumor volume and increased expression of hepatic p53 gene.Levels of variables including mice weight, tumor volume, P53 gene, mice as mean +/- standard deviation are reported in Table 1. Table 2 shows the results of two-factor analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc as well as the effect size of the groups.
Table 1 Descriptive table of levels of variables studied in research groups (standard deviation+/- of mean)
| Group | Weight (gr) |
Tumor volume )mm3( |
P53 gene expression )Fold change) |
| Control | 8.15±1.09 | 3799.81±882.44 | 1±0 |
| Aerobic exercise | 15±1.87 | 2804.71±799.79 | 1.82±0.87 |
| Pineapple | 14.5± 1.29 | 2694.64±739.22 | 1.57±0.71 |
| Exercise- Pineapple | 14.8±1.48 | 1093.38±774.13 | 2.62±1.62 |
Table 2 Results of two-factor and post hoc analysis of variance and the effect size of the groups
Variable / statistical index |
Group | Group | F | Sig. | Effect. Size |
| Tumor volume )Cubic millimeters( |
Control | Aerobic | 10.82 | 0.005 | 0.86 |
| Pineapple | 12.73 | 0.003 | 0.96 | ||
| Aerobic +Pineapple | 0.59 | 0.454 | 0.11 | ||
| P53 gene expression (Fold change) |
Control | Aerobic | 3.64 | 0.07 | 0.19 |
| Pineapple | 1.85 | 0.19 | 0.11 | ||
| Aerobic +Pineapple | 0.09 | 0.75 | 0.007 |
Conclusion:
The findings of the present study showed that aerobic exercise and pineapple extract resulted in weight loss and significant reduction in tumor volume and increased expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene in experimental groups compared to controls in liver tissue. The results showed that the weight of mice was lower in the experimental groups than in the control group, while in the training-pineapple group, the weight loss was higher. The results also showed that the tumor volume decreased in the experimental groups, which was significant in the pineapple and interactive exercise-pineapple groups, and in the exercise group, there was a non-significant decrease in the tumor volume of mice with melanoma cancer. With melanoma further reduced the size of the effect of pineapple extract. The results also showed that the changes in tumor volume between the exercise-pineapple and control groups showed a greater decrease than the other groups, which is significant, and in the other groups there is a significant decrease compared to the control group. These results indicate that different types of exercise can play an effective role in suppressing tumor growth. All of these findings emphasize the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training in mice with cancer, which can also lead to a significant reduction in tumor volume. The results of the present study also showed that the expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene was significantly increased in the experimental groups, which was higher in the exercise and exercise-pineapple groups. The importance of autonomic functions of p53 tumor suppressor cancer cells (encoded by TP53) has been identified in many studies, but it is now clear that the status of p53 cancer cells also has a significant effect on the immune response. The most obvious result of the loss or mutation of p53 in mice and humans is the increased development of cancer. It is clear that the main function of p53 in humans is to protect against the progression of malignancy, but other functions of p53 are the ability to regulate immune responses and their role in the pathology of non-cancerous diseases, including wound healing, wound healing and wound healing or viral infection control. The mechanisms regulated by P53 also regulate mitochondrial respiration and help maintain genomic stability. Studies show that improving aerobic metabolism by P53, which acts as a tumor suppressor, may provide future cancer prevention strategies. Since herbal compounds have fewer side effects compared to chemical compounds, identifying new strategies for using medicinal plants as a suitable alternative to chemical drugs along with proper exercise can help cancer patients recover.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Exercise Physiology
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