Volume 29, Issue 1 (3-2022)
RJMS 2022, 29(1): 144-152 |
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Ethics code: IR.IAU.M.REC.1399.023
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Mousaei M, Azarbayjani M A, Peeri M, Hosseini S A. The Eeffect of 4 Weeks Resistance Training and Testosterone Supplementation on mTOR Gene Expression in Tendon Tissue of Male Rats. RJMS 2022; 29 (1) :144-152
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-7417-en.html
URL: http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-7417-en.html
Department of Sport Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran , m_azarbayjani@iauctb.ac.ir
Abstract: (1268 Views)
Background & Aims: The dimensions and characteristics of tendons and muscles are much related to each other and change according to each other. The reason for this phenomenon is probably due to the ability of the muscle to exert force. Therefore, the desired characteristics of the components of the load-bearing baffles are regulated by the amount of daily mechanical load. This concept is important not only for understanding the function of these tissues but also for understanding the mechanisms of damage and its causes. Muscle hypertrophy is also affected by the intensity and type of physical activity, especially resistance training. Nutritional and hormonal factors also play a key role in this. Testosterone is very important as one of the key anabolic hormones. Accordingly, the effect of 4 weeks of resistance training and testosterone on mTOR gene expression in male rat tendons was investigated.
Methods: In this experimental interventional study, 48 rats aged eight weeks, in the weight range of 220 ± 20 g at a temperature of (20-20) ° C, humidity (55%) and free access to water (300 ml bottle) Clear and graduated with autoclave capability and with a 1 cm cap made of stainless steel without thread) and enough food (produced by Behparvar Company, Iran) with a 12-hour dark / light cycle. After one week of adaptation, rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, resistance training, testosterone enanthate and resistance training - testosterone enanthate. At first, the rats in the training groups were introduced to climbing the ladder for a week. Rats' weights were calculated, and the training program was adjusted based on the initial weight. The rats then practiced resistance for four weeks and five days a week. In the first session, a weight equal to 50% of the weight of each rat was attached to the tail and the rats climbed the ladder. If the animal was able to climb, then 30 grams was added to the weight and the animal climbed the ladder again. Again, if the weight was able to lift 30 grams, it was added to the rat's tail. This was performed as long as the animal was able to climb. The highest weight that the animal could carry was the maximum muscle strength of the animal in the first session. In the next session, the rats performed four sets of climbing the ladder, so that in the first set they climbed the ladder with 50% of maximum muscle strength, in the second set 75%, in the third set 90% and in the fourth set with 100% muscle strength. After the fourth set, if each set was capable, 30 grams would be added to the amount of weight and the rat would climb the ladder. The program continued in one session until the inability to perform the climb. At the beginning of each week, the rats resumed training with the pattern of the first week, based on the maximum weight they had shifted at the end of the previous week. Expression levels of mTOR gene were measured by RT & PCR. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Significance level was considered p <0.05.
Results: The results of one-way analysis showed that the expression level of mTOR gene was significant in four groups (P = 0.014). Referring to Tukey post hoc test, the results showed that the resistance training group and testosterone showed a significant difference with the training and control group only (P <0.05). The other groups did not show significant differences in pairs (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that resistance training activates the pathway of activation of collagen protein production in tendon tissue by increasing mTOR expression and possibly reduces apoptotic cells and the formation of new cells in the tendon, all of which indicate It has a positive effect on this tissue. Testosterone in combination with the resistance training process is also more effective in activating muscle hypertrophy pathways in the short term. It seems that the interaction effect of testosterone with resistance training can have a more favorable effect than either alone on improving the expression of mTOR gene in rat tendon tissue.
Methods: In this experimental interventional study, 48 rats aged eight weeks, in the weight range of 220 ± 20 g at a temperature of (20-20) ° C, humidity (55%) and free access to water (300 ml bottle) Clear and graduated with autoclave capability and with a 1 cm cap made of stainless steel without thread) and enough food (produced by Behparvar Company, Iran) with a 12-hour dark / light cycle. After one week of adaptation, rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, resistance training, testosterone enanthate and resistance training - testosterone enanthate. At first, the rats in the training groups were introduced to climbing the ladder for a week. Rats' weights were calculated, and the training program was adjusted based on the initial weight. The rats then practiced resistance for four weeks and five days a week. In the first session, a weight equal to 50% of the weight of each rat was attached to the tail and the rats climbed the ladder. If the animal was able to climb, then 30 grams was added to the weight and the animal climbed the ladder again. Again, if the weight was able to lift 30 grams, it was added to the rat's tail. This was performed as long as the animal was able to climb. The highest weight that the animal could carry was the maximum muscle strength of the animal in the first session. In the next session, the rats performed four sets of climbing the ladder, so that in the first set they climbed the ladder with 50% of maximum muscle strength, in the second set 75%, in the third set 90% and in the fourth set with 100% muscle strength. After the fourth set, if each set was capable, 30 grams would be added to the amount of weight and the rat would climb the ladder. The program continued in one session until the inability to perform the climb. At the beginning of each week, the rats resumed training with the pattern of the first week, based on the maximum weight they had shifted at the end of the previous week. Expression levels of mTOR gene were measured by RT & PCR. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Significance level was considered p <0.05.
Results: The results of one-way analysis showed that the expression level of mTOR gene was significant in four groups (P = 0.014). Referring to Tukey post hoc test, the results showed that the resistance training group and testosterone showed a significant difference with the training and control group only (P <0.05). The other groups did not show significant differences in pairs (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that resistance training activates the pathway of activation of collagen protein production in tendon tissue by increasing mTOR expression and possibly reduces apoptotic cells and the formation of new cells in the tendon, all of which indicate It has a positive effect on this tissue. Testosterone in combination with the resistance training process is also more effective in activating muscle hypertrophy pathways in the short term. It seems that the interaction effect of testosterone with resistance training can have a more favorable effect than either alone on improving the expression of mTOR gene in rat tendon tissue.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Exercise Physiology
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