2024-03-29T14:39:48+04:30 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=84&slc_lang=en&sid=1
84-1901 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان CYLINDROMA OF THE BREAST - A CASE REPORT AND A SHORT REVIEW OF LITERATURE S.A. Jalali B. Karimian Adenoid cystic carcimona of the breast is considered a rare entity with a comparatively favourable prognosis. We report the case of a 44 year old woman and review another 152 cases published to date in the pertinent literature, including two cases from Iran. The diagnosis is made by histological examination which shows the presence of pseudo- cysts encased in cellular masses hespedup, composing epithelium and myoepithelial elements. These are sometimes visible with light microscopy, and if necessary confirmed by electron microscopy and using immunohistochemical techniques. It is now realised that the myo- epithelial cell plays a role in the histogenesis of cylindroma. The outcome is usually good after simple surgical removal which has to be sufficient to avoid local recurrences. All the same there have been rare cases of metastases in the literature. Which means that these cases should be followed up carefully. 1) Cylindroma 2) Mastectomy 3) Adenocystic carcinoma 1994 9 01 66 71 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1901-en.pdf
84-1902 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان HEALTH PROFESSIONALS AND BLOMEDICAL INFORMATION A.H. Hadjitarkhani To know the latest and newest biomedical information' is necessary and a professional responsibility. This is possible with using various sources. Biomedical information sources are various and different factors such as age experience, speciality, practice type and ... have influence on their selection. Orientation with different types of biomedical information sources and the ways of using them is necessary and useful. It seems that the most widely used information sources by medical society in our country are journals, books, scientific meetings and courses for aquisition of biomedical information. Recognizing that what are the medical society information needs, how, when and where they can be seeked, could be used for organizing necessary facilities and the better application of these sources. 1) Biomedical information 2) Medical journal 3) Scientific meeting 1994 9 01 72 76 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1902-en.pdf
84-1904 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان NIGHTLY RHYTHM OF N -ACETYL TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN PINEAL GLAND OF RAT A. Sadeghi Looyea Living organisms have multiple biological rhythms. Some of these rhythms are endogenous and some are under the influence of light and dati cydes during 24-hours. Nowadays periodic changes in melatonin secretion from pineal gland and changes in N-acetyl transferase (NAT) activity which influence the melatonin secretion rate has been acknowledged as a basic rhythm. In this study NAT activity in pineal gland of rats during the night in which the rate of melatonin synthesis reaches a maximum has been investigated. According to the techniques employed in the experiments it has become evident that NA T activity depends on the length of light exposure in the environment and, variations of environmental light, considerably changes pineal gland NAT activity by sympathetic innervation via norepinephrine release. 1) Pineal gland 2) Melatonin 3) N -acetyl transferase 1994 9 01 77 80 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1904-en.pdf
84-1905 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان SPECULATIVE RISK FACTORS OF GASTRIC CANCER (A SURVEY OF NINTY PATIENTS) A. Saremi E. Heydari In this observational case control survey, ninty patients with histologic diagnosis of gastric cancer from two university hospitals were studied retrospectively. A sizable 50 % of the patients were farmers who lived in the remote and under developed rural areas being in contact with nitrate fertilizer and nitrated soil and having little or no access to the modern food storage and preservations and usually consume large amount of partially decayed contaminated, dried, smoked, salted and starchy food which are the presumed etiologic factors for gastric cancer and therefore the result of this survey might be considered another favorable study for the current hypothesis. The survey revealed that gastric cancer which is the most common gastrointestinal cancer in Iran was significantly more common in men with a mean male to female ratio of 4.5:1 in contrast to the 2:1 ratio of the western countries and in correlation with the respective ratio of a recent study conducted in kashmir, India (11). Thirty six percent of the patients had a long history of smoking which is a relatively rare habit among Iranian women and the large number of female non - smokers might be considered one of the speculative reesnons for the significantly lower incidence of gastric cancer in women in this survey. Twenty two percent of the patients were opium users. The 36% smokers and the 22% opium users are significants and do not match the estimated smokers and opium addicts in this country and whether tobacco and opium should also be considered as risk factors of gastric cancer deserves further investigations. Pathologically only 10.8% of the cases were of infiltrative type and the remainder were practically of the ulcerative and polypoid type, indicating that although gastric cancer is very common in this country but it is usually of the less malignant intestinal type. 1) Gastric cancer 2) Esophageal cancer 3) Nitroso compound 4) Fungal toxins 1994 9 01 81 88 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1905-en.pdf
84-1906 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان ADVANCES IN SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES J. Forghanizadeh In last few years, numerous observations and studies on pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies have been published and an animal model which confirms the associations of new information is now available. Bacteria which are responsible for reactive arthritis all can remain in the cells for long time. Molecules of class I MHC are able to present the intracellular peptides to immune system. B27 molecule can bind a special group of peptide«. A model of binding B27 to one or series of pathogenic peptide: (or srthritogenk: peptides) has been described. Class I molecules of MHC region can bind to the peptides and initiate an immune reaction or in selecting the T cell repertoire during T cell development in thymus. Recognition of subtypes of B27 molecule and the racial distribution of them has helped to better understanding of association of this antigen with spondyloarthropathies. The relation of spondyloarthropathies with intestine and various theories about the role of B27 and development of spondyloarthropathies are also described in this article. 1) Spondyloarthropathy 2) HLA- B27 3) Reactive arthritis 4) Ankylosing spondylitis 1994 9 01 89 99 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1906-en.pdf
84-1907 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND STUDY OF 520 PEDIATRIC CASES Kh. Mahloudji The approach to patients with gmrointestinal tract infections begins with a thorough mediCdI history, induding information about epidemiologic factors, a physiCdI examination, and knowledge of the pathophysiology of various enteropathogens. Gastrointestinal tract infections conduded with a wide range of symptom complexes and csn be produced by a variety of Mferopathogens. Most infectious diarrheal illnesses Cdn be dassified into one of several Cdtegories based on the causative agent, its pathophysiologic mechanism, and the dinicaJ response. These informations can then be used to determine the appropriate use of laboratory facilities and proper therapy. All patients with diarrhea require nonspecific support, but only for some cases, specific antimicrobial therapy is indiCdted to shorten the course of illness and eradicate fecal exarfion of the organism. (5) The results of our study that illustrated in FifUres, No. 1-5 are induding: Age distribution: infant 66.5% (fig.1), Sex distribution: Males 61.7%, Formula fe«Jing: 77% (fig 2), Established etiologic agent: In 82.5% stool cultures and smears were negative, E.coli 5.8%, salmonella 4.6%, Entamoeba histolytiCd 3.1%, Giardia lambelia 23% and shigella 1.7% (fig 3) Dehydration status: 59% No detectable or mild dehydration (fig 4) Dehydration type: Isonatremic dehydration 87.5% (fig 5), and mortality rate was 2.1 % Condusion: We assume viruses are the major cause of diarrhea in our patients. Standard stool cultures and smears were negative in 82.5% of cases, but of course no viral studies were done. The cornerstone of proper management is related to fluid and electrolyte therapy. In general, this therapy should indude oral replacement and maintenance with rehydration solutions such as those specified by the WHO. Early refeeding with breast milk should be encouraged as soon as dehydration is corrected. (5) Despite this common belief that early rmeding is aggrevating diarrhea, it should be encouraged because prolonged with holding of keding frequently leads to chronic diarrhea and malnutrition. (72) 1) Acute G1 infection 2) Dehydration 3) ORS 1994 9 01 100 107 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1907-en.pdf
84-1908 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان THE ROLE OF HEPATITIS B IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS (A SURVEY OF 170 PATIENTS) A.M. Moazedi In order to evaluate the pathogenic role of viral hepatitis in liver cirrhosis, a retrospective study was carried out in 170 patients with cirrhosis of liver who were admitted in Rasool-Akram hospital between the years 1360-1371. The cause of cirrhosis was unknown in 67.1 % and in others with known etiology, hepatitis B and hepatitis C were causes of cirrhosis in 22.4 % and 3 % respectively. The cirrhosis was more common in males than in females and the majority of patients were in 5th and 6th decades of life. It was concluded that hepatitis B is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and can be effectively prevented by vaccination. 1) Hepatitis 2) Cirrhosis 3) HBsAg 4) Hepatocellular carcinoma 1994 9 01 108 116 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1908-en.pdf
84-1909 2024-03-29 10.1002
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences RJMS 2228-7043 2228-7051 1994 1 تابستان PHYSICIAN AND GENETIC COUNSELING M.A. Nilforushan Physicians are families' best counsellers, and genetic counseling is one of the most important and delicate aspects of medicine. Genetic disorders are the third most common problems of mankind after infectious diseases and malnutrition. 10% of neonatal and 25% of pediatric mortalities are some how related to congenital and genetic disturbances. Genetic disorders are categorized in four major groups: 1- Cytoplasmic, such as: mitochondrial and peroxisomal diseases, which are only transmitted by the mother. 2- Single gene defect, that follow the mendelian patterns of inheritance, including, autosomal and sex-linked disorders, which are transmitted by parents ordinarily to l...­4 (recessive genes) or ~ (dominant genes) of their offsprings. 3- Polygenic or multifactorials, which are influenced by both, genetic and environmental factors. Recurrence risk is 3- 5% after recognition of index case and about three times when two individuals are detected relatives. 4- Chromosomal abnormalities, structural and numericals, or due to translocations. They mostly occur sporadically and unless the mother, is over 34 years or carries a balanced translocation, the chance of their recurrence is not very high. This article is concluded with the main indications for chromosomal studies. 1) Genetic counseling 2) Karyotyping 3) Genetic disorder 1994 9 01 117 124 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1909-en.pdf