39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 5888 Exercise Physiology Effects of 6-weeks of continuous and HIIT training on gene expression of TGF-B, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues of male wistar rats Fahham Shadi b Soori Rahman c Shab khiz Fatemeh d Choobineh Siroos e b Department of Pardis Alborz, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran c Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran d University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran e University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 1 11 27 08 2019 01 12 2019 Background: In pathological studies, there is usually a low degree of Pulmonary inflammation, and due to the presence of inflammatory cells in the lung tissue, there are discussions about the role of these cells in the progression of the disease (1). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are super family of proteolytic enzymes that play an important role in the breakdown of extracellular matrix and fibrosis (2, 3). MMP-2 has the potential to degrade wide range of extracellular matrix proteins, including type IV collagen, basement membrane, fibronectin and gelatin (6). Studies show that MMP-2 activity is increased in pulmonary fibrosis (7). The Tissue Inhibitor of MMPs (TIMPs) gene family are physiological inhibitors of MMPs that inhibit the activity of these proteases. TIMP / MMP imbalance is an important factor in the fibrogenic process (9). Also, in pulmonary fibrosis, the activity of MMPs is regulated by several factors, including growth factor, and inflammatory mediators may play an important role in modulating lung tissue damage and extracellular matrix degradation. Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays an important role in causing fibrosis in many tissues, including the lungs (10). Studies show that exercise can help improve the levels of matrix metalloproteinases and their associated inflammatory factors. However, the results of studies in this field are contradictory, so, decrease in expression and serum levels of MMP-2 in rats following voluntary exercise and High-intensity interval training (HIIT) have been reported (12,13). On the other hand, 12 weeks of resistance training has been shown to increase MMP2 levels in rats (14). Also, significant increase (15) and no change (16) in TGF-β1 tissue values after HIIT was reported in rats. The effect of different training methods on lung tissue has been considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6-weeks of continuous and HIIT training on gene expression of TGF-B, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues of male wistar rats. Methods: This is a experimental study. 18 male wistar rats (6 to 8 months) were selected and randomly divided into three groups of control (Con), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and High-intensity interval training (HIIT) groups. The aerobic training program consisted of 15 to 30 minutes of treadmill running at 65-70% VO2max intensity, 5 days a week for 6 weeks. The HIIT program consisted of 5 to 8 alternations (2 minutes) of 80 to 100 percent VO2max and 2 minutes of recovery with 50 to 60 percent of VO2max between each period for 6 weeks (17). TGF-β, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 gene expression in lung tissue was measured after training using Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test at the P <0.05.   Results: Table 4 shows the mean and standard deviation of research variables in different groups. The results showed that HIIT and MICT led to significant decrease in MMP-2 gene expression and significant increase in TIMP-1 and TGF-β gene expression in lung tissue compared to the control group (P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the relative expression of MMP-2 between the two groups of HIIT and MICT (P=0.832), but TIMP-1 and TGF-β gene expression was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (P=0.001) (Fig. 1-3). Conclusion: The findings of the present study show that HIIT and MICT significantly decrease MMP-2 gene expression and significantly increase TIMP-1 and TGF-β gene expression in lung tissues of male wistar rats. The findings of this study were consistent with the results of Previous research (12,13, 23, 27-29). Decreased gene expression of MMP-2 in response to training sessions can be attributed to the expression of endogenous protein inhibitors such as TIMP-1, alpha-2 macroglobulin and protease degradation. Also, the reduction of some inflammatory factors that stimulate MMP-2 due to interval training periods can play a role in this reduction (19). Therefore, according to the mechanisms involved in reducing MMP-2 expression and the findings of the present study, reducing MMP-2 in the HIIT and MICT groups compared to the control group can reduce the expression of TIMP-1 and TGF-β genes after exercise. MMPs are highly regulated at the level of gene transcription and translation in the lung, their expression is through a variety of transcription factors (activators and suppressors, including growth factors, hormones, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, proteins), extracellular matrix and their bioactive components and intracellular signaling agents (GTPases), all of which can directly or indirectly regulate the expression of MMPs (20). Therefore, HIIT and MICT may alter the gene expression levels of the MMP-2 in lung tissue by affecting the above factors. The reason for the increase in TGF-β1 following exercise is not well understood. However, oxidative stress and exercise-induced hypoxia are two possible mechanisms (33). Studies have shown that by increasing the expression of NADPH oxidase and decreasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, increases the expression of TGF-β1 in tissue (34,35). HITT is associated with hypoxia at the cell, which leads to increased expression of HIF-1α (Hypoxia-induced Factor 1- α). This factor increases in cells in response to hypoxia and mediates several biological functions. There were some limitations in the present study, such as the lack of measurement of other MMPs. According to the results, it seems that HIIT training may be a more effective intervention to reduce lung fibrosis. Therefore, it is recommended to consider High-intensity interval training programs for the health of the respiratory system.  
5982 Clinical Psychiatry The Effectiveness of Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Metacognitive Beliefs and Psychological Flexibility of Women Damaged by Marital Infidelity Karbasion Mehri f Mousavi Seyyede Maryam g Shojaei Mehraneh h Shabahang Reza i Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin j f M.A in Family Counseling, Department of Counseling, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran g Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran h MSc in Midwifery, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran i M.A in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran j M.A in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 12 24 06 11 2019 29 12 2019 Background: While marital relationship can be a source of many pleasurable experiences, it can also bring about the most painful experiences. In this regard, marital infidelity is one of the negative experiences related to married life. This is a topic that has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades and is known as the most harmful experience related to married life. Studies indicate the need to pay attention to the extent of the phenomenon of marital infidelity. In fact, marital infidelity can have far-reaching negative consequences, such as anger towards oneself and one's spouse, feelings of embarrassment, loss of trust, loss of identity and sense of specialness, decreased purposefulness, interpersonal problems, decreased self-esteem, mental health problems, guilt and depression for the betrayed person. These injuries can be more prominent in women. This issue indicates the need to examine the dimensions related to marital infidelity and provide interventions to deal with its negative consequences in women affected by infidelity. In this regard, there is evidence of a prominent relationship between cognitive and metacognitive beliefs as well as cognitive flexibility with the experience of marital infidelity. Given the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility to marital infidelity, interventions to improve these abilities in women damaged by marital infidelity are essential. In this regard, cognitive interventions, and specifically treatment based on acceptance and commitment, are very useful for women affected by marital infidelity. In fact, acceptance and commitment interventions emphasize cognitive components and aim to change dysfunctional cognitions. In this regard, acceptance and commitment therapy can be considered as an effective intervention to improve the metacognitive beliefs and psychological resilience of women affected by infidelity. A subject that has received few specific studies. Overall, given the relatively high prevalence of marital infidelity, the negative consequences of infidelity, the need for psychological interventions, the ineffectiveness of many intervention programs, and limited interventional studies, providing an effective intervention for victims of infidelity, especially women as the more vulnerable group is very much needed. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility of women damaged by marital infidelity. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all women damaged by marital infidelity who referred to the Islamic Revolutionary Tribunal of Sangar in 2018. Among them, 30 women were selected by convenience sampling method and then randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30; Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, 2004), and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II; Bond et al., 2011). Acceptance and commitment group therapy was administered to the experimental groups in 8 sessions of 2 hours weekly. Finally, the data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results indicated that the acceptance and commitment group therapy significantly affect metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility (p<0.01). Conclusion: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility of women damaged by marital infidelity. According to the findings of the study, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment was able to affect the metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility of women damaged by marital infidelity and improve their metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility. In explaining this issue, it can be acknowledged that the acceptance and commitment intervention in the present study, by emphasizing cognitive processes such as connection with the present, committed actions and acceptance, could bring about positive changes in the metacognitive structure of women damaged by marital infidelity. Through learning the acceptance process, participants learned to accept events and thoughts completely and without defense, as they are. In other words, they were taught that although their situation is sensitive and distressing, they should not prevent negative thoughts from entering their minds, but should be able to show the best performance by accepting these thoughts. The other component was self-observation. Participants found that they should perceive thoughts as they are and in a pure form and look at thoughts as a phrase or an image or a form, not as a consistent concept. That is, thoughts should not be described based on analysis, judgment, evaluation, and belief, so that it is possible to separate thoughts. The intervention also improved metacognitive beliefs through its effects on uncontrollability, the risk of negative thoughts, cognitive conflict, and positive beliefs about worry. In addition, the intervention program improved psychological flexibility, that is, staying connected to the present moment despite unpleasant thoughts, feelings, and physical conditions, so that behaviors are selected based on personal situation and values. Based on the results of the present study, acceptance and commitment group therapy can reduce negative consequence of marital infidelity and increase adjustment in women damaged by marital infidelity by enhancing their metacognitive beliefs and psychological flexibility. Therefore, it is recommended to increase adjustment in women damaged by marital infidelity.   6002 Pharmacy Antioxidant and protective effects of plant extract against deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney: A review Samiei Sajjad k Pourbabaki Reza l Khadem Monireh m alefi Mahsa n Sadeghi yarandi Mohsen o Shahtaheri Seyed Jamaleddin p k Tehran University of Medical Sciences l Tehran University of Medical Sciences m Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran n Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran o Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran p Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 25 39 24 11 2019 01 10 2020 Background: Pesticides are widely used in agriculture around the world. Among the most widely used pesticides are Pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are synthetically derived from the pyrethrins and are naturally derived from the plant Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. Synthetic pyrethroids have high insecticidal power as well as low toxicity to birds and mammals. Deltamethrin is one of the most commonly used Pyrethroid around the world. This toxin is one of the world-famous insecticides to protect agricultural products, vegetables and fruits against insects and pests. Along with the global spread and use of pyrethroids, their contamination and toxicity has become a problem. Since the use of organophosphate insecticides has been banned, the use of pyrethroids has increased. Human exposure to pesticides occurs occupationally through skin contact, inhalation or ingestion, and in the environment through contaminated food. Due to the nature of lipophilicity and the widespread use of pyrethroid insecticides such as deltamethrin, these pesticides accumulate in tissue, food and the environment and cause adverse effects on human health. Initially, it was thought that deltamethrin has the lowest toxicity in mammals, although number of studies have reported that deltamethrin causes severe toxicity in mammalian and non-mammalian organs. Oxidative stress is one of the most deltamethrin toxicity mechanisms. Many studies have shown that pyrethroids are rapidly metabolized in mammals and cause liver, kidney and brain damage through oxidative stress. According to many studies, it has been shown that the liver, due to its role, is the main source of accumulation of high concentrations of deltamethrin metabolites. Deltamethrin has been shown to cause cell death and the production of reactive oxygen species in major liver cells . Also the kidney plays a very important role in regulating homeostasis of the body and removing foreign matter (including pesticides) from the body. Therefore, chronic and acute kidney damages are considered a significant risk to the community. Because of the metabolites derived from deltamethrin play an important role in the development of deltamethrin toxicity, the metabolism of deltamethrin and its metabolites is an important issue. The major metabolites of deltamethrin include 2 ′, 4′- and 5-OH-deltamethrin, the trans-methyl group and the ester separation metabolite which have been identified through radiocarbon analysis within a living organism. Reports from previous studies indicate that the metabolites 2′-OH-deltamethrin and 4′-OH-deltamethrin from deltamethrin are more toxic than deltamethrin in human stem cells. The body has various mechanisms to deal with the damage caused by free radicals. The main mechanism of the body in this regard is the antioxidant defense system. The term antioxidant refers to any substance that delays or prevents oxidative damage to target molecules. Antioxidant status of the body is related to the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase. Many studies have reported that deltamethrin directly causes oxidative stress by upsetting the oxidative balance and antioxidant status of the body. Medicinal plants have been shown to play an important role in protecting people's health against the potential risk from chemicals such as pesticides .Natural plant extracts provide better antioxidant activity than synthetic uses for food, cosmetics and medicine. The use of synthetic antioxidants has declined due to the increased risk of carcinogenesis and the lack of consumer acceptance of synthetic food additives. Improving the antioxidant system through treatment with natural antioxidants can be effective in preventing damage. The purpose of this review is to investigate the protective effect of different plant extracts against the oxidative stress associated with deltamethrin in the liver and kidney tissues. Methods: the bibliographic databases such as PubMed – Google scholar – Web of science – Scopus were used to find articles focusing on the effect of antioxidant compounds on deltamethrin toxin. The keywords Deltamethrin, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant, Polyphenol, Liver, Kidney were used to search these bibliographic databases. The search was conducted among articles published between 1980 and 2019 articles such as letters to the editor, conference papers, and reports were excluded. Then, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the review process, screening and elimination of duplicate and irrelevant information were performed. In addition, data retrieval was performed and after extracting the full text of articles, data were extracted. In this study, initially, the various antioxidants used to reduce and neutralize oxidative stress caused by deltamethrin are briefly reviewed and then the effect of plant antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress caused by deltamethrin in liver and kidney tissues is investigated. Results: In the initial searches, all articles related to the subject under review were collected. Based on the criteria, completely related articles were finally included in this review study. The search was conducted among articles published between 1980 and 2019. According to studies on the extracts of various plants, it seems that the extracts of plants such as garlic, Trigonella foenum graecum, Globularia alypum, Amaranthus spinosus as well as olive oil and Artemisia campestris oil have protective effects against toxicity and oxidative stress caused by deltamethrin in the kidneys and liver. Ingredients of plant extracts such as Ocimum basilicum, Oat oil, Moringa Tea and turmeric improve and reduce the toxic effects of deltamethrin in the liver and kidneys. These effects are due to the presence of sources rich of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of these plants. Conclusion: Based on the studies on plants extract, they are able to reduce the oxidative stress level and restore the damages caused by deltamethrin due to their antioxidant properties and the content of polyphenolic compounds. 6024 Genetic Investigation of VPR2 gene expression in AGS cells transfected with recombinant vector carrier of tagD gene of Helicobacter pyloriExpression of VPR2 Gene in AGS Afsharipoor Shahrzad Doosti Abbas Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 40 49 10 12 2019 09 06 2020   Background: Cancer is the first and second leading cause of death in developed and developing countries and gastric cancer is one of the most common and dangerous types of cancer in Iran, where 10,000 people are infected with this disease every year and it is the most common type.  Cancer is also among men The Ministry of Health has announced that Iran has the most stomach cancer in the world.  The main etiology for gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection.  Many studies have shown that most people with gastric cancer have a previous history of Helicobacter pylori infection, while less than one in 100 people with Helicobacter pylori infection are at risk for gastric cancer.  Take;  Therefore, Helicobacter pylori infection is an important factor in the development of gastric cancer, but there must be many environmental and possibly genetic factors in order to lead to gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori is a small, highly motile gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium that infects the mucous membrane of the human stomach.  Infection of this bacterium can occur in childhood, but its prevalence is directly related to aging and most cases are asymptomatic, but if the infection continues, 10 to 15% of people will develop gastric ulcer or gastric cancer. The thiol peroxidase-binding tagD gene in Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important adhesion molecules in H. pylori, which encodes triglyceride Citidylyltransferase.  HpTpx protein is an antioxidant protein that plays an important role in empowering Helicobacter pylori to survive in gastric oxidative stress.  HpTpr is present in the form of a hydrodynamic monomer and is an enzyme whose peroxidase and antioxidant activities are fully preserved.  H. pylori produces a set of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and peroxidase, to survive in the gastric environment, which can reverse the ROS reaction. Reduction of TagD protein leads to gradual transition from cell cycle stage to cell lysis and also causes bacterial deformation from bacillus to spherical state, irregular bacterial growth, swollen spherical shapes, unequal distribution in receptors, peptidoglycan thickening and cell lysis. Gene 2 VPR2 (Vasopressin receptor type) is located in the Xq28 position in humans and consists of 5 exons.  This hormone has a peptide structure and is released from the pituitary gland. Lack of secretion of this hormone from the pituitary gland causes neurogenic type 2 diabetes and its lack of effect on the kidney causes nephrogenic type 2 diabetes.  VPR2 gene expression has been shown in fetal lung tissue and lung cancer.  Therefore, in the present study, our aim was to investigate the expression of VPR2 gene in AGS cells transfected with the recombinant vector carrying the tagD gene of Helicobacter pylori. Methods: The present study was performed at the Biotechnology Research Center of Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord.  The duration of the research lasted from January 2016 to June 2017.  Gastric cancer cells, AGS class, were obtained from the Biotechnology Research Center of Shahrekord Branch of Azad University. The recombinant plasmid was then confirmed by enzymatic digestion. To confirm the presence of tagD gene in plasmid 3-pFLAG-CMV, dual enzymatic digestion was used and BglII and EcoRV restriction enzymes were used. AGS cells were cultured in a T25 flask. When the cells reached a density of 70%, cell pellets were prepared and cell suspension per ml was prepared from the culture medium.  10 μl of the suspension along with 10 μl of trypan blue dye was placed on the neobar beam and counted after lamination and then the number of cells in 1 ml of culture medium was calculated and finally the cells of the treatment and control groups were precipitated. In the present study, Anxin V kit was used to determine the percentage of apoptotic cells for rapid analysis of different stages of apoptosis. To prove the correctness of the synthesized cDNA, PCR was performed with GAPDH gene primers.  Then, to determine the exact temperature of annealing primers, PCR was performed with appropriate primers. Using SPSS software and t-test Independent statistical tests, the expression of each gene was examined and compared.  If p>0.05 is, the difference in data is statistically significant. Results: Eukaryotic expression of tagD gene in AGS cells of tagD gene was confirmed by RT-PCR. Expression of VPR2 genes in AGS cells receiving tagD gene was significantly higher than control cells (p = 0. 0203). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate the effects of decreasing or increasing expression in some cell genes under the influence of the tagD gene of Helicobacter pylori.  Because the tagD gene is one of the most important genes in Helicobacter pylori, it plays a vital role in its colonization in the human stomach.  Therefore, this gene may be involved in cell proliferation.  Overall, the results of our study showed that VPR2 gene expression can be affected by Helicobacter pylori tagD gene, and it appears that this bacterium alters tagD gene expression in host cells. 6056 Dermatology Skin disease diagnosis based on tissue frequency information analysis using sonogram patterns Kia Shabnam SETAYESHI Saeed Pouladian Majid Ardahali hossein Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, science and research- branch, Azad Islamic university, P.O. Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran Faculty of Energy Eng. & Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnique), Hafez Street, Tehran, Iran c Department of Biomedical Engineering, science and research- branch, Azad Islamic university, P.O. Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran Department of Anesthesiology & critical care, Shohadaye-Tajrish hospital, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences., Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 50 60 30 12 2019 31 08 2020 Background: Today early detection of common cancer with modern smart calculation is the most interesting issue due to the increased chances of successful treatment. Skin cancer is a serious and dangerous complication that threatens the lives of many people and if not diagnosed in time, it will have bad consequences. It is the fifth most common cancer in the female population and the sixth most common cancer in the male population in the world. At present, in the discussion of skin diseases, ultrasound is a low-cost and, of course, low-consumption method; during which dermatologists look for unusual symptoms on ultrasound. But ultrasound scans are seemingly complicated, and the early signs of the disease usually seem insignificant or normal; this is the main reason for many misdiagnosis that can be specific to human factors. Skin ultrasound can help diagnose skin cancer early, but it depends directly on the correct interpretation of the ultrasound by a specialist and in many cases can be misleading. Because the consequences of these errors have become costly to humans, there has been a great deal of interest in developing methods for intelligently identifying such abnormalities as a means of assisting dermatologists in accelerating the diagnosis and preventing unnecessary sampling. The most aim of this study is offering a new procedure by intelligent analyzing skin frequency to diagnose skin cancers with high true negative rates and low false positive rates. In this study, the main goal is the intelligent diagnosis of malignant skin lesions with the help of ultrasound analysis. What distinguishes this study from previous research in this field is the new perspective that this research has on this imaging method and uses it as a tool for processing and analyzing the abundance of skin tissue. Methods: The theory of biological resonance said that each cell in the whole of human body has a unique resonance due to their bio frequency and this frequency could changes if the cell's texture and status change. In the method of this article, this matter has been used to analyze the structure of skin texture. What can be concluded from this research is that due to the different reactions of two tissues of healthy and unhealthy skin, in the face of ultrasonic stimuli, the frequency response of these two tissues is different from each other; for this reason, the frequency of return waves from those two tissue samples is different. The most important approach in this study is to try to achieve the ability to use the concept of tissue frequency behavior in the diagnosis of lesions. As explained in this article, the innovative method of this research tries to use the concept of tissue frequency changes due to injury as the main parameter of lesion identification and in fact offers a new way to extract this change in frequency behavior from ultrasound waves. This means that, in order to offer a new method of early detection of skin tissues malignancy, ultrasonic echoes wave of skin, has been analyzed by various complex frequency calculations using artificial neural networks. The artificial neural network used in this research is perceptron multilayer pattern recognition. In the design and architecture of this complex network, many parameters are involved that must be carefully studied and analyzed before training to guide the network in the best possible way. The most important of these parameters are the number of hidden layers, the number of nerve cells in each layer and the number of trainings. The important point in this case is the effect of these parameters on different data properties, number of samples, input vector dimension and so on. The database of this study included 400 ultrasound images of patients in the age range of 18 to 68 years, of which 220 samples in the category of basal cell carcinoma skin cancer, and 180 samples in the category of benign lesions such as Skin moles, fungi and lipodermatic lesions or kerato ulcers were located. A noteworthy point in these data was the presence of definite pathological reports with them, which in turn significantly increases the accuracy of the results. To set up the network and achieve the optimal result in this research, 60% of the available data was allocated to the training model, 20% to the test model and 20% of the data as data that the network has never encountered. Results: This study was validated by 400 patients data; the result of this study led to (AUC = 0.986) in order to detect skin malignancy, and has been demonstrated with comparable biological accuracy. With the help of artificial neural networks, it was possible to judge the malignancy or benignity of image lesions with very high accuracy and error rate in the range of 10-2. On the used threshold in this study, the sensitivity and specificity levels reached to 93.7% and 97.8%. Conclusion: This study could propose an accurate, non-invasive method to early diagnosing of skin cancers via a real-time procedure. Finally, in comparison with the diagnostic method presented in this article, with the common diagnostic and therapeutic methods in conventional medicine, the benefits and advantages of this method are briefly classified in the following few lines: i. No need for sporadic referrals and spending less time and money ii. Non-invasive method and less side effects and more patient safety iii. Early diagnosis of the disease in the early stages of malignant lesion formation iv. Ease of procedure and no discomfort and pain for the patient v. Possibility of expanding the application of this method in other medical departments vi. The high accuracy and high speed of diagnosis with the help of this method is undeniable and in diseases such as cancer, which play a key role in achieving the first step in achieving treatment, the use of the proposed method can be very effective. 6197 Microbiology Molecular study of Salmonella typhimurium integrons gene isolated from food sources and the effect of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum on its expression by Real time PCR Estabergi Ehsan Amini Kumarss Shojaee Saadi Behrooz Eghdamian Saeed Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, shahrebabak Branch, kerman, Iran Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 65 77 18 04 2020 08 06 2020 Background: Salmonella have general characteristics of the Enterobacteriaceae family, gram-negative bacilli, voluntary anaerobes, non-acid fast and without spores, a large group of bacteria. Salmonella typhimurium is one of the most important causes of food poisoning in humans in the world. This organism is one of the most common pathogens that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Gastroenteritis is the most common Salmonella infection caused by these serotypes. Salmonella is transmitted through the consumption of contaminated food, which has led to increased public health concerns. Antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella cause them to become resistant to antibiotics. Salmonella species have the ability to acquire antibiotic resistance in a variety of ways. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has now become a growing problem among Salmonella species and has created increasing health and medical problems in the control and treatment of infections caused by this bacterium. Therefore, the pattern of antibiotic resistance in samples Salmonella is clinically very important. Rapid and reliable tests in medical, veterinary and food laboratories for the diagnosis of Salmonella are important and necessary. Salmonella affects a wide range of vertebrates and Salmonella infections in humans occur mainly through the consumption of substances contaminated with this bacterium. The disease must be diagnosed very quickly. Invasion of the intestinal mucosa is an important and fundamental step in the pathogenesis of Salmonella. Salmonella typhimurium is mainly transmitted through direct and indirect human contact with an infected source. Salmonella carries chromosomal and plasmid genes that play a major role in the virulence and invasion of this bacterium. One of the most important virulence factors is the Salmonella Vir, Inv, and Int genes. Bifidobacterium bacteria can be named as the most important probiotics used in food products. Bifidobacterium (Langum, Catnulatum, Bruch, Bifidum) are gram-positive bacteria that are the dominant and normal intestinal microflora in 80% of children and 25% of adults is considered. Due to the probiotic effects of Bifidobacteria, these bacteria as living microorganisms that have a positive effect on the treatment of pathogenic conditions, our findings showed that the integron I gene has a high prevalence among Salmonella species. Bifidobacterium is one of the most important species of probiotics known and today extensive efforts are being made to use them in food products. Probiotics are in fact food supplements containing living microorganisms that affect the health of their host by balancing the microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract. Yogurt is the most common dairy product containing probiotics, and other ingredients such as cheese, fermented and non-fermented milk, and fruit juices can also be used as probiotics. Dietary supplements can generally also contain probiotics. The aim of this study was to molecularly investigate Salmonella typhimurium integron gene isolated from food sources and the effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic on its expression by Real time PCR. Methods: In the present study, 138 food samples (milk, meat, chicken, fish, etc.) were collected to advance the project and transferred to a microbiology laboratory in a sterile container with a special lid at 4° C. In the laboratory for preparation, ‌ samples were precipitated with a uniform solution of phosphatase phosphate and then solid particles and woody substances in food, using a centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes and the upper liquid in another sterile container. Stored at 4° C for subsequent experiments. Culture and Isolation: After culturing and growing the samples, Salmonella-Shigla agar (MC) agar, hectone, bismuth sulfite agar were transferred to differentiated mediums of McConkey Agar (MC) and placed at 37° C for 24 hours. Suspected Salmonella colonies (green colonies with black halo or without black halo) to confirm the diagnosis by biochemical tests and differential media TSI, SIM, Simon citrate, urease, MRVP, lysine iron agar, Broth malonate, IMViC was performed. After culturing in solid medium, BHI was refrigerated at 4° C. Isolated bacteria that had a + - + - reaction in the IMViC test and an alkaline / acid reaction in TSI medium were selected and isolated with suspicion of oxidase and ONPG colonies suspecting Salmonella and by comparing the results with tables Biochemical, biochemical confirmation of bacteria was performed. After extracting DNA from isolated Salmonella typhimurium isolate, the polymerase chain reaction was performed using the necessary materials and a suitable program, the presence of II, Int, Int III IntI genes was investigated with a specific primer. Determination of intI gene expression under the influence of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic. Before performing the polymerase chain reaction, 0.1 mg / ml gram of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic was infused in 20 ml of BHI and half of McFarland was added to Bifidobacterium bifidum intI positive. After 15 hours of incubation (Late log phase) is the best step for RNA extraction. After 15 hours, RNA extraction was performed. Bacterial suspension (bacteria with intI gene and determined by their MIC in the presence of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum, which are in the logarithmic phase of growth) (OD = 0.4-0.6 = 600-4) was used. The Qiagen DNase kit was used to remove genomic DNA. cDNA synthesis was performed using Reverse AMV enzyme at a concentration of 25 l / unit (Roche) then to calculate the expression of integron gene and draw diagrams Corresponding software was determined and the amount of target gene expression was calculated. Expression rate analysis was performed by relative measurement of mRNA expression compared to standard strains. Results: In this study, Salmonella typhimurium integron virulence gene isolated from clinical cases under the influence of bifidum probiotic was identified by Real time PCR technique. From 138 food samples, 12 Salmonella strains were isolated, all of which had integron I gene. And the effect of antimicrobial agent on gene expression and according to the research done in this study, the Fold Change rate for intI gene is -1.13, which indicates that this gene in the treated group compared to the untreated group /13. Decreased 1 times. Which indicates a decrease in the expression and relative inhibitory effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum and a 1.13% decrease in the expression of the gene under the influence of probiotic treatment. Conclusion: In fact, combination treatment of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotics with common antimicrobial drugs showed good antibacterial effects against Salmonella species and the rate of increased bacterial growth was dependent on the probiotic concentration. As a result, low-dose probiotics can be a viable alternative to single-drug treatment for Salmonella infections, with benefits such as preventing adverse effects during treatment, saving on medication, and reducing costs. 6174 Genetic Effect of trichostatin A on histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC 1) and CIP/KIP (p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2) gene expression, cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in lung cancer COR-L105 cell line Sanaei Masumeh Kavoosi Fraidoon Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 78 87 01 04 2020 05 09 2020 Background: Lung cancer is one the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with more than 1.2 million deaths each year. In addition to genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications may contribute to the induction and progression of cancer. The term epigenetic refers to several molecular mechanisms and pathways that regulate gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. These mechanisms include alterations in the histone modification, the methylation status of DNA, chromatin remodeling, and microRNAs. Cancer cells exhibit changes in histone modification patterns at individual genes. Epigenetic deregulation can affect several aspects of tumor cell biology comprising cell growth, cell differentiation, and cell death. Histones are highly conserved alkaline proteins that can become post-translationally modified at the amino acid residues located on their N and C- terminal tails. There are four core histones include histone 2 A, histone 2 B, histone 3, and histone 4, and one linker histone, histone 1. Histone modifying enzymes, such as histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone methyltransferases (HMTs), histone demethylases (HDMs), is often responsible for the aberrant histone modifications. HDACs and HATs are two counteracting enzyme families whose enzymatic activity controls the acetylation state of protein lysine residues. Aberrant histone acetylation is associated with several solid cancers. In mammals, HDACs form three groups based on their sequence homology and are classified as HDACs I, II, and III. These enzymes have a critical role in modulating the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Dysregulation of HDACs and aberrant deacetylation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers. Overexpression of these enzymes correlates with tumorigenesis. Two known mechanisms, methylation and histone deacetylation seem to be the best candidate mechanisms for inactivation of CIP/KIP (p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2) and INK4 (p15INK4b, p16INK4a, p18INK4c, and p19INKd) families. Histone deacetylation is a general mechanism for the inactivation of the CIP/KIP family in various cancers such as gastric cancer, human colon cancer cell line HT -29, human breast cancer MDA231 cell line, human non-small cell lung cancer c ell line, A549 cells. HDAC inhibitors have been considered to be a novel class of cancer treatment agent. These compounds include trichostatin A (TSA), butyrate, trapoxin (TPX), MS-27-275 (a synthetic benzamide derivative) and apicidin. Previously, we reported the effect of trichostatin A on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of TSA on histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC 1), CIP/KIP (p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2), cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in lung cancer COR-L105 cell line. Methods: First, the lung cancer COR-L105 cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with sodium butyrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium pyruvate, 10% FBS and antibiotics (penicillin G and streptomycin) at 37°C in 5% CO2 overnight and then seeded into 96-well plates (3× 105 cells per well). After 24 h, the medium was replaced with an experimental medium containing various concentrations of TSA (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 20 μM). The control groups received DMSO only, at a concentration of 0.05 %. After a period of 24 and 48h, the cells were investigated by MTT assay according to Standard protocols to determine cell viability. Therefore, MTT solution was added to each well for 4 h at 37℃ and then the MTT solution was changed by DMSO and shaken for 10 min to dissolve all of the crystals.  Finally, the optical density was detected by a microplate reader at a wavelength of 570 nM. Each experiment was repeated three times (triplicates). To determine apoptotic cells, the COR-L105 cells were cultured at a density of 3 × 105 cells/well and incubated overnight and then treated with TSA (2.5 μM) for different periods (24 and 48 h). Subsequently, the treated and untreated cells were harvested by trypsinization, washed with cold PBS, and resuspended in Binding buffer (1x). Finally, Annexin-V-(FITC) and PI were used according to the protocol to determine the apoptotic cells by FACScan flow cytometry (Becton Dickinson, Heidelberg, Germany). Real-time quantitative RT-PCR amplification and analysis were achieved to quantitatively estimate the expression of histone deacetylase 1(HDAC 1) and CIP/KIP (p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2) in TSA (25 µM)-treated COR-L105 cells at different times. After treatment times, Total RNA was isolated by RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s protocol and then treated by RNase free DNase (Qiagen) to eliminate the genomic DNA. The RNA concentration was determined using a Biophotometer (Eppendorf). Total RNA (100 ng) was reverse-transcribed to cDNA by using the RevertAid™ First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Fermentas) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Real-time RT-PCR was performed by the Maxima SYBR Green RoxqPCR master mix kit (Fermentas). The primer sequences are shown in Table1. Real-time PCR reactions were performed using the Steponeplus (Applied Biosystem).  Data were analyzed using the comparative Ct (ΔΔct) method, the relative expression level of the genes were calculated by determining a ratio between the amount of these genes and that of endogenous control. GAPDH was used as a reference gene for internal control. Results: To test the effect of TSA (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 20 μM) on the lung cancer COR-L105 cell viability, MTT assay was utilized. Our findings showed that the rate of cell growth inhibition was significantly increased in than that of control groups after 24 and 48 h. Results showed that the number of viable cells decreased significantly, as the concentration of the compounds and duration increased; indicating a dose- and duration-dependent relationship (p<0.001). The IC50 values were determined with approximately 2.5 μM for TSA. Flow cytometric analysis was achieved to determine whether TSA (2.5 μM) can induce apoptosis in the lung cancer COR-L105 line. The percentage of treated and un-treated COR-L105 apoptotic cells was evaluated by staining with annexin V-FITC and PI after 24 and 48 h of treatment. After treatment with TSA, the apoptosis percentage increased significantly. The effect of TSA (2.5 μM) on the histone deacetylase 1(HDAC 1) and CIP/KIP (p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2) gene expression was investigated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis. The result indicated that the treatment of lung cancer COR-L105 cells with TSA (2.5 μM) for 24 and 48 h reactivated the p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2 gene, down-regulated HDAC 1 significantly. Conclusion: TSA can down-regulate HDAC 1 and up-regulate p21CIP1/WAF1, p27KIP1, and p57KIP2 gene expression and induce apoptosis in lung cancer COR-L105 cell line.   6346 Public Health Promoting health by using effective environmental and structural model Rouhizadeh Marzieh Alam Shahram Hojabrnia Zahra Department of physical education and sport sciences, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran Department of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, yadegar Imam Khomeini Branch, Ray City 1 10 2020 27 7 88 96 15 07 2020 06 08 2020 Background: Today, due to the epidemiological transition, i.e. the replacement of non-communicable diseases with infectious ones, it is necessary to change attitudes in care and health in order to maintain and promote it.Due to its type and severity, the disease can affect many aspects of people's lives and health, such as interpersonal communication, job performance, spiritual beliefs, and social interactions. On the other hand, a physical illness can cause feelings of sadness, fear, panic, worry, or anger due to insecurity, inability to control things, and feelings of loneliness. Among the diseases that endanger the health of many people in the community are type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and mental and emotional disorders. The role of inactivity as one of the main factors in the prevalence of disease and death is important. The availability of public sports and the ease of implementation for all members of society, at any age and from any stratum, has been highly regarded by scientists and scholars of various sciences, and the popularization of sports is one of the serious efforts of all governments to promote health, but the environment (culture and climate of the region) can be effective in the development of public sports in order to promote health. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to promote health using an effective environmental and structural model. Methods: This descriptive-survey study has been studied and analyzed with the approach of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The statistical population of this study consisted of 354 sports management experts in Khuzestan province. The sample size was considered as 354 people by census method (total number) equal to the number of the population. After distributing and collecting the questionnaires, 295 questionable questionnaires were returned, which was considered as the sample of the present study. Since there were no standard questionnaires or scales for measuring environmental factor, a structured researcher questionnaire was set up that included 15 questions on a five-point Likert scale. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and doctoral students in the field of physical education and sports sciences who had passed their comprehensive test. In addition, the reliability of the questionnaire was computed by Cronbach's alpha method (0.675). After data collection, frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation were used as descriptive statistics to describe the research data. Tilt and elongation tests were used to check the normality of the data. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to promote health using an effective environmental and structural model as inferential statistics. One-sample t-test was used to determine the role of environmental factors related to public exercise to promote health. All analyzes were performed at 95% confidence level using SPSS 20 and AMOS 20 software. Results: To evaluate the adequacy of sampling, Kaiser-Meyer-Alkin (KMO) test was used and to evaluate the appropriateness of the data of the researcher-made questionnaire, the obtained coefficient was almost satisfactory (0.690: KMO). Bartlett sphericity test ( = 209.932 and sig 0.0001) was also calculated which was statistically significant. Then, using the principal component analysis method (varimax rotation) and eigenvalues higher than one, only one factor was obtained. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the exploratory factor analysis. First, to determine the confirmatory factor analysis and whether the data are suitable for this model or model, model fit indices were used. The value of χ2 with the value of 74.508 and the degree of freedom of 90 is non-significant and indicates that the data fit. Also, other indicators show that the data have a good fit with the model. The fitness index χ2 / df with a value of 0.828 is less than the value of 3. In addition, fit indices GFI = 0.966, AGFI = 0.955, CFI = 1,000 and NFI = 0.965 above 0.90 indicate that the data model is appropriate. Similarly, the root mean square error of the approximation (RMSEA) was 0.000, which emphasizes that the model is acceptable and less than the standard value of 0.08. In general, model fit indices indicate the fit of data with the model. The results showed that environmental and structural factors have a significant effect on the development of public sports to promote health (Sig <0.01). Other research results indicate the effectiveness of all environmental and structural factors in the development of public sports to promote health (Sig <0.01). Conclusion: It can be said that physical activity improves mental health, motor regulation and diagnostic function. It has been found that the prevalence of mental illness is lower in people who are physically active. The benefits of physical activity can be enjoyed even if they start late. Common diseases of the elderly include cardiovascular disease, arthritis, osteoporosis, and high blood pressure. Although being active from an early age can prevent many diseases, regular exercise can prevent disability and pain from these diseases. However, it seems that despite the different climates of cities in Khuzestan province and the existence of numerous natural spaces such as forests, mountains and sea, this issue is less considered by those involved in public sports and is likely due to traditional values and beliefs of this platform to increase participation. People in public sports in Khuzestan should be less considered by policy makers and planners. Therefore, by considering Islamic and moral values and traditional beliefs, sports-entertainment programs such as indigenous and local games and adventure and emotional sports in accordance with natural resources in each city can be designed to be performed in open and public spaces to be able to It injected vitality and health into the people. In general, the results emphasize the importance of environmental and structural factors and the beneficial effects of exercise in the prevention of chronic diseases and the development of public sports to promote health and the role of officials in using these components to promote public health. According to the results of the research, it is suggested that due to the miracle of mass media, especially radio and television, special programs to motivate people according to the new way of life and the introduction of new non-communicable diseases, with emphasis on sports. , Put on their agenda.   6232 Medical Distinguishing between clinical practice and clinical research: A Review of definitions and ethical issues Forouzandeh Mina Hashemi Akram Bahmani Fatemeh Department of Medical Ethics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Medical Ethics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Medical Ethics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 97 108 12 05 2020 08 07 2020 Background: Although clinical research and clinical practice are closely related, distinguishing the boundaries between them is an important issue debated by contemporary bioethicists. Some commentators have criticized drawing a sharp line between research and practice (1, 3 & 4), but most experts and policy makers in the field of biomedical ethics, believe that the distinction between the two in clinical settings leads to increased scientific credibility of research and greater protection of patients' rights and safety (2, 18). They argue that blurring the boundaries between clinical practice and clinical research is an ethical mistake (6, 7). Despite significant efforts that have been undertaken in recent years to implement and enforce research ethics in Iran, the need to training in the field of basic concepts of research ethics and ethical justifications for the codes and guidelines of research ethics exists yet.  The purpose of this study is to address this gap in the literature. The first part of this paper deals with a brief history of research ethics that gave rise to the formation of boundaries debates and led to the publication of the Belmont Report. Then, a set of relevant definitions and criteria required to conceptually and practically distinguish between research and clinical practice are presented. Finally, the ethical dimensions of this distinction are reviewed as an argument in favor of the moral requirement to maintain the boundaries between clinical research and clinical practice for the various parties involved in clinical research. Methods: Relevant publications were selected through a MEDLINE search. The key phrases used were clinical research or clinical practice plus distinction, boundaries or distinguishing. The main textbooks of research ethics and medical ethics, both electronic and paper types, were included in the search. International and national research ethics documents and guidelines were obtained via the organizational websites.  Results: This study has yielded several results with possible implications for the different parties involved in clinical research. First, through a close look at the nature of unethical human research studies that took place in the 1970s and prompted the U.S. policymakers to rethink research ethics governance and gave rise to creation of the Belmont Report (5, 8), it can be concluded that the mere issuing of research ethics guidelines in the absence of ethical oversight of research leads to a failure in protection of human subjects in clinical research. Recognizing and maintaining a sharp boundary between research and practice is the basic requirement of a thorough research oversight and providing precise definitions for the terms, clinical research and clinical practice, is the prerequisite to distinguish this boundary (14). Secondly, Activities that are designed initially with the aim of producing or contributing to the production of “generalizable knowledge” and have the form of a research methodology that have been described in an research proposal and have been scientifically (14, 15), methodology and ethically validated can be labeled as research. These research activities are deemed clinical research If they involve a human participant (7, 13). Such interventions that are intended to increase the well-being of a patient without undergoing a peer-review, although considered to generate “new knowledge”, are still considered as clinical practice because the knowledge gained is not generalizable, even though new (7). Thirdly, the issue of research-practice distinction can be discussed from various ethical aspects. On the practical level there are several issues involving both the physician/researcher and the patient/research participant. The roles and responsibilities of the physician and that of the researcher cannot be a single set of roles and responsibilities, as these two roles each have their own moral implications and duties, which may be in conflict at times (17, 18). Clinicians are committed to make clinical decisions according to the best interests of the patients, while researchers commit themselves to the research protocol (2, 6, and 7). Adopting distinct approaches to clinical research and clinical practice will also help physicians better distinguish their dual role of physician and researcher and manage potential conflicts of interest. Blurred boundaries between research and practice also leads to therapeutic misconception for Patients /research participants. Therapeutic misconception is a situation in which patients do not recognize that they are participating in a clinical research although being disclosed by the clinician/researcher (19). The therapeutic misconception may also occur to the minds of the clinicians, and the result is their reluctance to disclose to the patients that they are participating in a clinical research, when feeling far from regulatory agencies.  As research interventions are often unapproved, they pose an increased risk to research participants, as well as additional burden and cost. So, failure to understand the research process seriously infringes the patients’ rights to safety, quality care, and autonomy (10). How research and practice are distinguished also affects the actions taken on the policy level. It is of great importance that research ethics committees and policy making bodies make distinction between research and practice in clinical settings. Historically the most important trigger to acknowledge the issue of separate clinical research and clinical practice was the need to clearly define which activities should undergo oversight in the clinical realm where the professional norms does not require oversight on the practice of licensed clinicians (6). The general rule originally stated in the Belmont report is that whenever there is a research component in an activity, that activity should be monitored for the protection of human subjects (14). National Research ethics guidelines play an important role in shaping the attitudes of different parties involved in clinical research, toward their roles and responsibilities in research. As research ethics scholars have argued, using the notion of “therapeutic research” in the early versions of the declaration of Helsinki by the World Medical Association led to a "misunderstanding" in clinical research ethics and the violation of patients' rights (1). Although “therapeutic research” was a common concept in the classical research community, but also was reinforced by policy-making institutions; this conceptual error according to Howard Brady, an expert in the field of medical ethics, had prevented a correct and ethical understanding of "research with human subject" for years (11). A review of national biomedical research ethics guidelines issued by the “National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research” at the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, reveals a lack of basic definitions and clarifications. In some instances, like in the “General ethics guidelines for medical research including human subjects,” some provided definitions increase the ambiguity; however, some criteria for distinguishing between research and practice can implicitly be derived from the text. Codes number 10, 11, 26, and 28, which explain the researcher's ethical responsibilities toward the participants - a responsibility that is not defined for clinicians- implicitly set out the criteria for research-practice distinction (16). Conclusion: The issue of boundaries between research and practice in clinical settings is ethical in nature.  Although considerable efforts have been made to develop national biomedical research ethics guidelines in Iran, a comprehensive approach to providing the definitions of basic concepts and the underlying theoretical framework in the field of biomedical research ethics still seems lacking.   6237 Exercise Physiology Effect of aerobic and octopamine supplementation on the expression of ACC and ACYL genes and HDL / LDL ratio in visceral visceral adipose tissue of DFO recipient dezhan mahshid Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali peeri Maghsoud Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 109 119 16 05 2020 07 06 2020   Background: Abdominal obesity has been shown to be associated with increased impairment of glucose and insulin homeostasis and changes in blood lipid and lipoprotein levels such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). On the other hand, increasing fat activates some factors involved in the lipogenic pathway, such as the enzyme acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, which is involved in fat metabolism. In this regard, one of the cases that has long been considered by researchers to reduce the negative effects of obesity is exercise and physical activity. Regular exercise can be an adjunct in the treatment of diseases caused by inactivity and obesity such as insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. But what exercise, for how long and with what intensity has the greatest impact is a question that has always attracted the attention of researchers. On the other hand, one of the methods that has been considered in recent years along with exercise and physical activity is the use of pharmaceutical and dietary supplements such as octapamine, which has a structure similar to noradrenaline. And may modulate normal and abnormal neurophysiological processes and have stimulus-like properties that affect athletic performance. Therefore, considering the effect of obesity and visceral fat in individual and social life, the role of lipogenic pathway and its effective factors on obesity, the possible effect of octapamine on physical activity on the one hand and on lipolysis on the other and finding a way to reduce the negative effects of obesity In the present study, the researcher sought to investigate whether aerobic activity associated with octapamine use affected the effect of aerobic exercise and octapamine supplementation on ACC and ACYL gene expression and HDL / LDL ratio in visceral adipose tissue of DFO-receiving rats. No? Methods: In the present experimental study, 30 mice weighing 320 20 20 after one week of exposure to the new environment were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy (6 mice), sick (DFO) (6 mice), Patient + octapamine (6 mice), patient + exercise (6 mice), patient + exercise + octapamine (6 mice) were divided and the exercise protocol was performed in such a way that the mice were first treated for one Week and 5 sessions per week at a speed of 10 meters, for 5 minutes and a zero degree slope of the introductory course, then the training groups, 5 sessions per week for 30 minutes of their training program. Out of a total of 30 minutes of training, 5 minutes were considered for warming up and 5 minutes for cooling. The research protocol was that on the first day of training, the speed started from 16 meters per second and increased every week until the last day and after 4 weeks, it reached 26 meters per second. It should be noted that the slope of the treadmill was zero degrees and moderate intensity training was performed in the range of 50 to 60% VO2max. Also, 81 μmol / kg octapamine (Sigma Aldrich Company) dissolved in 9% normal saline was dissolved in the homogenase apparatus and per 100 g body weight of rats was injected intraperitoneally for 4 weeks and 5 times a week. At 4 weeks, an octopamine insulin line was injected subcutaneously. On the other hand, in order to prepare oil heated several times, 8 liters of sunflower oil was heated for 190 consecutive hours at a temperature of 190 to 200 ° C for 4 consecutive days, and every 30 minutes food: chicken nuggets, potatoes, chicken and Protein products (sausages) were dipped in oil. Finally, the oil of the fourth day for use as an oral poisoning intervention (gavage) for 4 weeks every day at a rate of 10% of rat weight orally and by gavage to subjects in all groups except the group It was eaten healthy. 48 hours after the last training session and 8 hours of fasting, all rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (75 mg / kg body weight) and xylazine (5 mg / kg body weight) And visceral adipose tissue was removed by HLE method. Finally, descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk tests, two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the present study showed that exercise, octapamine intake and the interaction between exercise and octapamine had a significant effect on HDL / LDL and ACYL in rat visceral adipose tissue. It was also found that HDL / LDL at the end of the period was significantly higher in the group fed with deep-training oil than the control group but the amount of ACYL was lower than the control group (Figures 1 and 3). Another finding showed that exercise had a significant effect on ACC in visceral adipose tissue of rats. But octapamine intake and exercise-octapamine interaction had no significant effect on ACC gene expression in visceral adipose tissue. Also, the level of ACC at the end of the period was significantly higher in the group fed with deep heated oil-exercise than the control group (Figure 2). Conclusion: Exercise seems to increase lipolysis and decrease fatty acids in the blood and muscles. This causes a layer of excess fat (cholesterol and phospholipids) that is transferred to HDL and causes it to increase. Increased HDL due to increased production by the liver may be due to altered LPL enzyme activity and decreased hepatic lipase following physical activity. Octapamine also activates b3-ARs and stimulates lipolysis in white fat cells, causing oxygen consumption in brown adipose tissue. It has also been reported that synephrine in octapamine is able to activate lipolysis in human adipocytes. Regarding ACC, it can be said that the evidence shows that ACC is a key enzyme in regulating the biosynthesis of fatty acids in animal tissues. ACC acts as a lipid speed limiting enzyme. Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase with carboxylation of acetyl coenzyme A causes the production of malonyl coenzyme A and it seems that the activity of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase is affected by nutritional conditions. More and longer administration time will lead to a significant reduction in ACC. Regarding exercise-induced ACC regulation mechanisms, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to phosphorylate ACC in Ser79 and reduce its activity. 6363 Human Physiology Designing a model of social innovation and the effect on the behavior and mental health of citizens Sazesh Alireza samiee Ruhollah Samiei Saeedi Parviz mostaghimi Mahmoud Reza Ali Abadektol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ali Abadekatoul, Iran Ali Abadektol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ali Abadekatoul, Iran Ali Abadektol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ali Abadekatoul, Iran Ali Abadektol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ali Abadekatoul, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 120 129 24 07 2020 06 09 2020 Background: Today, social innovation is an important and vital issue in societies (3). Social innovation is more effective, efficient and sustainable than previous strategies and creates value and benefit for the whole society instead of individuals. In fact, social innovation refers to strategies, strategies or concepts that address the problems and needs of society in a more appropriate way than previous strategies and methods (8). On the other hand, global statistics for estimating innovation and innovation growth remind us of the existence of a serious gap among Iranian organizations to develop the possibility of innovation and emphasize the lack of a serious mechanism among Iranian organizations for innovation as a dynamic and continuous power (9). Mental health is another important category and one of the most important aspects of public health that plays a decisive role in the individual and social life of individuals. Mental health, according to the definition of the World Health Organization, not only indicates the absence of mental disorders, but also provides favorable conditions for individuals to be able to realize their talents and abilities; Adapted to the usual stresses of life; Work productively and take beneficial actions for the community (10). In general, explaining social innovation can enhance the awareness and knowledge of organizational factors in its realization by deepening the understanding of the importance of social innovation. On the other hand, due to the importance of mental health, unfortunately, little research has been done on this important component, and on the other hand, no research has been done on the impact of social innovation on citizens' mental health. So the question is, what is the pattern of social innovation and its impact on consumer behavior and mental health? Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method, it is an exploratory type based on structural equation modeling. This research consisted of two parts: qualitative and quantitative. Interview tools and Delphi technique were used to collect data in the qualitative section. The team participating in the qualitative part of the research consisted of academic experts and managers of road and urban planning departments of Golestan province to reach a consensus of opinions. By snowball sampling method based on managerial expertise, 50 experts were identified and selected to participate in research and conduct semi-structured interviews, considering their doctoral education and at least ten years of experience. In the quantitative part of the study, the citizens of Golestan province were selected as the statistical population and due to the uncertain and large size of the population using the Cochran's formula, 384 people were estimated as the statistical sample and sampling at this stage was done by cluster random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire for social innovation variable, Lerman (2006) standard questionnaire for consumer behavior and general health questionnaire (GHO) for mental health. Results: The Delphi method was performed in three stages. In the first stage, using the interview tool, the content analysis approach by fuzzy Delphi method, a preliminary list of concepts was prepared and approved by experts (33 concepts were examined) and then with the opinion of the expert team and the existing theoretical foundations of the approved concepts. It was categorized into more general components and was surveyed by experts for the second and third stages (the concepts were divided into 6 components). Finally, the difference between the average views of experts in the second and third stages of fuzzy Delphi is given. In the next step, confirmatory factor analysis method was used to validate the approved components and concepts. In the last step, the final model was presented using a quantitative method of path analysis. It was also found that the model for measuring social innovation has a good fit. Based on this, it is determined that the selected indicators have the necessary proportionality with the operating basis of the research design. Finally, the standardized path coefficients and the significance of the coefficients showed that social innovation has a direct and significant effect on consumer behavior and mental health (p<0.001, t = 47.571, β = 0.821). Conclusion: As the results showed, social innovation has a direct and significant effect on consumer behavior and social innovation can explain 96% of consumer behavior. Regarding the effect of social innovation on consumer behavior, no similar research has been done, which is considered as an innovation of this research. Batquisin (2009) stated that the social system shapes social innovation and in contrast, social innovation affects the social system. In his opinion, society, non-governmental organizations, governmental and public institutions and private companies are among the most important actors in social innovation (13). On the other hand, the results showed that social innovation has a direct impact on consumer mental health. A review of research conducted in and outside the country did not find research that examined the impact of social innovation on mental health. However, as researchers have pointed out, social innovation is a new mechanism that increases the well-being of those who adopt it compared to the status quo (18) on the other hand, it is one of the things that provides well-being. It is a health issue and health includes three dimensions of physical health, mental health and social health (10). Therefore, the effect of social innovation on mental health in the present study seems logical. According to the research results, it is suggested that in studies, researches, decisions, actions, etc. in the field of social innovation, the foundations of values and social culture as a fixed and sustainable strategy should always be seriously considered, as well as the principle of popular innovation. Social attentionibed.   6243 Exercise Physiology The effect of cardiac rehabilitation exercises on functional capacity and Ejection fraction in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery Behzad Khameslo Mostafa Tofighi Asghar Tolouei Azar Javad Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh Madani Zahra PhD student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Associate Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Professor, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Centre, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Assistant Professor, Sports Medicine Specialist, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 130 139 20 05 2020 07 06 2020 Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a main reason of mortality in the world and about 12,775,000 deaths are reported annually due to coronary heart diseases. In addition, around 89,000 deaths occur annually because of these diseases in Iran. Studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases affect the cardiovascular health status of patients. Since most of the daily activities of heart patients are usually performed below the maximum level, most researchers and physicians use sub-maximal exercise tests as a substitute for debilitating cardiopulmonary exercise tests to assess cardiopulmonary function. In this regard, the 6-minute walk (6MWT) test is the most common sub-maximal exercise test to measure cardiorespiratory fitness, and functional capacity. This sub-maximal test measures the maximum distance a person is able to walk in 6 minutes. Studies emphasize the need to perform appropriate interventions to increase the recovery process and quality of life of patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Oliveira et al. (2016) reported in their study that a 6-minute walk test leads to an improvement in oxygen consumption, heart rate, and blood pressure in patients with chronic heart failure for 3 months. In the study of Arbs et al. (2003), it was observed that left ventricular function and injection fraction improved in patients with chronic heart failure after six months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Studies demonstrate that different forms of aerobic exercise cause different physiological adaptations Aerobic exercise such as walking with neuromuscular adaptations simultaneously increases cardiovascular strength, and improves cardiovascular fitness, however there is little information to clarify the mechanism of the impact of this exercise on functional capacity, injection fraction and their changes in the body of patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental and availablility sampling method. It was performed in the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation department of Fatemeh Zahra Medical Center in Sari. Permission was obtained from the hospital management prior to conducting the study. Necessary moral permission was achieved from the Medical Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Ethics code 1167, 1398) and was registered with a code of IRCT 20191125045496 N1 in the clinical trial system. Statistical sample of the study includes patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery and referred to Fatemeh Zahra Medical Center in Sari for clinical examinations after surgery. The availability sampling method was utilized in this study. Written consent was obtained from all subjects. Finally, the patients were randomly divided into two groups of control (n = 8) and experimental (n = 8). In addition to routine care, the intervention group participated in an 8-week aerobic program. Aerobic exercises performed under the control of a sports medicine specialist, exercise physiologist and nurse for eight weeks (three sessions per week) including exercise with 6 to 14 intensity training (RPE) on a treadmill on a Borg pressure scale for 10 to 20 minutes, next exercise with manual ergometer with intensity of 30 to 50 watts for 8 to 10 minutes and then exercise on stationary bike with intensity of 30 to 50 watts for 8 to 10 minutes. The control group only received daily care under the supervision of a physician for 8 weeks. In both groups, functional capacity and discharge fraction were measured before and after 8 weeks of intervention. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was utilized to assess functional capacity and an echocardiographic device (vivid model, made in Germany) was used to measure the discharge fraction. This performance was carried out by a cardiologist at Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Sari. Results: Dependent t-test was used to evaluate and compare changes within the group. This test showed that both weight level and body mass index had a significant decrease in the post-exercise period compared to the pre-exercise period in the experimental group (p = 0.033; p = 0.034, respectively), while in the control group, both weight level and body mass index had an insignificant increase in the post-exercise period compared to the pre-exercise period (p = 0.74; p = 0.064, respectively). Also, the results of the intragroup study showed that there was a significant difference between changes in weight and body mass index between the two groups (p = 0.01; p = 0.009, respectively). The results of changes in functional capacity and injection fraction in the intragroup showed that the level of functional capacity and injection fraction in the experimental group increased significantly in the post-exercise period compared to the pre-exercise period (p = 0.001; p = 0.011, respectively), whereas in the control group, their changes were not significant in the post-exercise period compared to the pre-exercise period (p=0.790; p = 0.351, respectively). Also, the results of the intergroup study showed that there was a significant difference between the changes in functional capacity and injection fraction between the two groups (p = 0.001; p = 0.014, respectively). Conclusion: The present study investigated the effect of cardiac rehabilitation intervention in patients after cardiac bypass surgery. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the functional capacity rehabilitation group and injection fraction. Although it was tried to prevent the effectiveness of some factors on the research results partly by selecting almost identical subjects in the present study, the subjects of the present study were coronary artery bypass graft patients who were nutritionally supervised by a physician, so for the sake of ethical considerations in the study, the diet of the subjects was not under the control of the researcher. In addition, the researcher could not control the cost of energy, the amount of activity, rest and sleep in subjects and so, subsequent researchers should consider these issues as limitations in future research to be able to fully control the variables affecting the research results. Totally, the results of this study showed that eight weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise can lead to improve functional capacity and injection fraction in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Therefore, moderate intensity aerobic exercise can be used as an effective factor to improve functional capacity and injection fraction in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.   6236 Exercise Physiology The Acute Effects of Static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Stretching on Peak Torque and Agility on Men riazi zeynab Monazzami Amirabbas tadibi vahid kazemi saeid Faculty of Sport Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran razi university sports medicine board of kermanshah province 1 10 2020 27 7 140 153 15 05 2020 14 06 2020 Background: The correct execution of sports movements depends on the method of warming up and the type of stretching. That is why it is very important to warm up properly to prevent any damage to the body and improve performance, appropriate to the type of exercise. In addition, the main reason for warming is the increase in core body temperature, which in turn leads to more blood flow to the active muscles and increases the rate of transmission of nerve impulses and chemical reactions. Although there are different debates about which stretch should be used with what intensity and volume before exercise, but usually static stretch before training and sports competition in warming up section is used. PNF stretching  is thought to be superior to other stretch methods in developing range of motion due to the activation of the golgy tendon organ by the Autogenic Inhibition method and the facilitation of muscle inhibitory receptors, but the effects of PNF stretch on the performance is very controversial. Therefore, The current study aimed to determine the effects of static and PNF stretching on maximum torque and agility of male futsal players. Methods: Having at least 2 years of training experiences, twelve trained male Futsal players with a mean age (22.33±0.88 years), height (175.75±6.21 cm), weight (68.75±3.64 kg), BMI (22.57±1.23 kg/m2) and body fat (15.65±3.58 %) were randomly selected. They were divided into four training protocols, including static stretches (3×5 s and 3×15 s), PNF stretch (30s×6s×15 s) and control condition. The SECA1 height measurement device with a measurement accuracy of one millimeter (made in Germany) was used to measure height. The Buerer digital weight measurement device with an accuracy of 0.1 kg (made in Germany) was also used to measure the body weight of the subjects. In addition, the yo-yo recovery test was used to determine the subjects' aerobic capacity (VO2max), and the Zeus 9.9 body analyzer was used to measure body composition and fat percentage. Isokenitic dynamometer Gymnex model ISO-1 with the speed of 60 degrees per second and Balsom agility test were applied to measure maximum force torque and agility respectively. Furthermore, two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare the mean difference. Bonferroni  post hoc test was applied when the differences were significant and interval confidence of p < 0.05 considered at all stages of the test. Results: The results of data analysis with repeated measures test in comparison between the type of stretches with the control condition in the variable of maximum torque at a speed of 60 degrees per second showed that the effect of the type of stretch(group) was significant (p=0.024, F=2.061). These results show that only the PNF stretch protocol was different from the control condition (p<0.05) and the static stretch protocols 3 × 5 s (p= 0.17) and 3 × 15 s (p=0.34) were not significantly different from the control condition. In addition, the results of the present study showed that the interaction between the type of stretch(group) and time was significant (p=0.009; F=4.59). On the other hand, The results of data analysis with repeated measures test in comparison between the type of stretches with the control condition in the variable of agility showed that the effect of the type of stretch (group) was significant (p=0.039, F=5.23).The results showed that only the PNF stretch protocol was different from the control condition (p<0.05) and the static stretch protocols 3 × 5 s (p=0.35) and 3 × 15 s (p=0.57) were not significantly different from the control ondition. In addition, the results of the present study showed that the interaction between the type of stretch(group) and time was significant (p=0.044; F=4.45). Conclusion: Overall, the results show that the implementation of static stretching protocols and PNF above 90 seconds has a destructive effect on the performance of torque and agility of futsal players. Among the most important mechanisms affecting performance can be the destruction of muscle tendon features, involved neural mechanisms (decrease in firing frequency, increase in nervous fatigue and decrease in concentration), mechanical properties and muscle elasticity, duration, intensity and type of stretch, gender and level of fitness of the athlete employed were mentioned. Therefore, to reduce the destructive effects of this type of stretching and on the other hand increase the efficiency of muscles to improve performance in the warm-up phase, it is recommended to futsal players, If using static  and PNF stretches, do not use times longer than 90 seconds..   6222 Gastroentrology Assessment of Pathological Findings of the Stomach in Morbid Obese Patients who are Candidates for Bariatric Surgery and the Association with Helicobacter Pylori, Biochemical Status and Inflammatory Factors Kabir Ali Pazouki Abdolreza Pishgahroudsari Mohadeseh Abdolhosseini Shahrbanoo Faghihi-kashani Amirhossein Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 154 164 05 05 2020 02 06 2020 Background: Obesity and upper gastrointestinal disorders are the public health problems in the world and Iran. The role of routine preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy of the morbid obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery is a subject of discussion. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between gastric pathological findings in morbid obese patients with demographic information, Helicobacter pylori, biochemical status and inflammatory factors. Methods: Upper digestive endoscopic findings, including rapid urease test and pathological examples in the six areas of stomach were examined in 196 morbid obese patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery. These cases had either body mass index (BMI) higher than 40 or higher than 35 in addition to one comorbidity. For grading chronic gastritis, six samples were given from these areas of stomach: two biopsies from antrum, with 2-3 centimeters (cm) from pylorus, one sample from distal of lesser curvature, another one from distal of greater curvature, two samples from corpus with eight cms distance from cardia (one of them from lesser curvature another one from greater curvature) and one sample from incisura angularis according to Sydney system. Height, weight, sex, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (Chol), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDH), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and history of some diseases (hypothyroidism, lipid profile metabolism disorders, diabetes mellitus type II, sleep apnea, menstrual abnormalities, and eating disorders) were evaluated as well. We get six samples from three areas of the stomach for grading chronic gastritis according to Sydney system: two biopsy samples from pylorus, by 2-3 cm from pylorus, one from distal of lesser curvature, one from distal of greater curvature, two sample from cardia, with eight cm distance from cardia (one from lesser and the other from greater curvature), and one sample from incisura angularis. T-test, chi-square and Fisher exact test were used in statistical analysis. This study was approved by ethics committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences by this code: 25669.1396 IR.IUMS.REC. Results: There were 86.2% women among all 196 cases. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age, weight and BMI of participants were 39.9±10.2 years, 123.5±22.5 kilogram (Kg), and 45.9±6.1 kg/m2, respectively. Smoking in 15.8% and alcohol drinking in 13.8% was observed. Dyslipidemia in 44 (22.4%), hypothyroidism in 42 (21.4%), menstrual abnormality in 39 (19.9%), diabetes mellitus in 26 (13.3%) and sleep apnea in 21 cases (10.7%) were the most common comorbidities in these patients. Family history of obesity: 161 (88.2%), hypertension: 121 (61.7%), diabetes mellitus: 113 (57.7%) and cancer: 64 patients (32.7%) were the most common diseases in family of affected patients. Eating disorders were volume eating in 161 (82.1%), microphagia in 129 (65.8%) and bulimia in 121 cases (61.7%), respectively in descending order. The most common pathologic findings of the stomach were chronic inflammation in 195 (99.5%), acute inflammation in 131 (66.8%), active inflammation in 127 (64.8%), H. pylori infection in 120 (61.2%), active atrophy in 37 (18.9%), metaplasia in 29 (14.8%) and atypia in 19 cases (9.7%), respectively. There was not any cases with dysplasia. The most common H. pylori prevalence was in incisura in 116 cases (59.2%), while, the lowest prevalence was observed in cardia in 103 patients (52.6%). Urease test for H. pylori infection was positive in 114 cases (58.2%), while, H. pylori infection in all six regions of the stomach was observed in 120 cases (61.2%). Urease test result and presence of H. pylori infection had statistically significant association with each other (p<0.001). In 27 cases (22.5%) despite H. pylori infection in pathologic assessment from biopsy samples of one of six regions of the stomach, urease test was falsely negative. On the other hand, in 21 samples (27.6%) despite negative result for H. pylori in all six areas of the stomach, urease was falsely positive. The specificity and sensitivity of rapid urease test were calculated to be 72.4% and 77.5%, respectively. Demographic information, biochemical status and inflammatory factors of the two groups of patients with and without pathological findings in the six areas of stomach were not different (For all of them p>0.050). However, the presence of Helicobacter pylori was associated with pathology finding in only two areas: small corpus and large corpus (p= 0.006 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: In our study abnormal findings in endoscopy was higher than similar studies. Positive result of urease test was also higher because similar studies have excluded symptomatic cases with gastroesophageal reflux disease and PPI users. The role of routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before obesity surgery is under debate. The American Society of Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (SAGES) recommends the American Society of Metabolic and Obesity Surgeons (ASMBS) and the American Society of Gastroenteroscopic Endoscopies that endoscopy be decided according to each individual condition and type of procedure. It is recommended in patients at high risk for gastric cancer such as a history of Helicobacter pylori, BMI, waist and waist to hip ratio, family history of gastric cancer and male sex and according to protective effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment in the prevention of gastric cancer under the age of 40. It was done to prevent pathology in at least these two areas of the stomach in the future. However, showing the presence of Helicobacter pylori with pathology in these two areas of the stomach in this study does not mean that if Helicobacter pylori is eradicated, the chance of developing gastric cancer in these areas will be zero; Other studies have not shown that Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with pathology in any part of the stomach due to the lack of gastric mapping, so it is likely that what has been said about eradicating Helicobacter pylori and reducing the chance of stomach cancer. It has been due to the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in two areas of small corpus and large corpus of the stomach. According to the association of Helicobacter pylori infection and pathological findings in small corpus and large corpus areas of stomach and the results of other studies that Helicobacter pylori infection increases the chance of gastric cancer and due to high false negative rate of rapid urease test (22.5%) It is recommended that for patients with high risk of gastric cancer use pathological samples, especially in these two areas, to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection.   6166 Psychiatric Rehabilitation Developing and determine the effectiveness of Adlerian puppet therapy intervention program on modifying empathy skills of high functional Autistic children (HFA) Rezayi Saeed Department of Psychology and Education Allameh Tabatabi University, Tehran, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 165 175 27 03 2020 09 06 2020 Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder associated with the presence of social-communication deficits and restricted and repetitive behaviors. In the latest conceptualization of ASD, these two behavioral dimensions represent the core defining features of ASD, whereas associated dimensions, such as intellectual and language ability, provide a means for describing the ASD heterogeneity. Today, most studies on ASD and people with ASD focus on their social communication because social problems are the basis for their challenging behaviors in communication and social situations. Based on the results of many studies children with autism have many problems in all aspects of development and behavior. One of the most prominent features of autistic children are social communication and empathy skills impairment and social skills impairment specially empathy skills is the cause of many problems in social and communication situations. Many intervention methods have been developed and presented to rehabilitate people with autism. Most of these intervention programs are behavioral and are more to control stereotyped behaviors and less to improve their communication and social skills. Puppet therapy and play therapy are fun for children, they are attractive to them, especially to autistic children who are often isolated. However, in addition to puppet therapy and play therapy as the main intervention method, complementary intervention methods are also needed. Therefore, the present study aimed to design and determine the effectiveness of Adlerian puppet therapy intervention program on the development of high functional Autistic children's (HFA) empathy skills. Given the importance of empathy skills in the social interactions of people with autism, study and research in this field is very necessary. Methods: The present study in terms of gathering research was experimental design with pre- posttest and follow-up with a control and experimental groups. Of the total target population, 20 available sample from April2 Autism center were selected and randomly placed in two, experimental (n=10 person) and control (n=10 person) groups. The intervention program was Adlerian puppet therapy (According to the studied title and variables, Adler play therapy was the most appropriate method of play therapy for the present study). This interventional package, based on Adler's theory, has been designed and implemented in four steps and ten consecutive steps to develop and improve the empathy skills of children with autism spectrum disorders. This program implemented for two consecutive months in 15 consecutive sessions for the experimental group in April2 autism center. In order to comply with the ethical principles of the research, this intervention program was implemented for the control group and also, testimonial was received from each of the participants in this study, and if they did not want to continue the cooperation, they could leave the research. Auyeung’s Empathy questionnaire applied for assessment of empathic skills. This questionnaire was designed to measure empathy and systemic interest in children with autism spectrum disorder with 55 items on a four-point Likert scale. The reliability of the test was evaluated by retest methods and Cronbach's alpha. The reliability of the retest for empathy gain was 0.86 and all coefficients were significant at the level of one hundredth. The internal consistency of the test using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of empathy was 0.93. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as mean, variance and univariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and Repeated measures test by SPSS-22 software. Results: Depending on the type of research (which was an experimental) as well as the variables of the present study and the time series of pre-test, post-test and follow-up, multivariate analysis of covariance or MANCOVA and repeated measures were used of course, observing their application assumptions. The analyzed results by MANCOVA and Repeated measures showed that Adlerian puppet therapy intervention program, significantly (p<0.05) led to modifying and increasing the empathy quotient of High functional autistic children in experimental group. The results are shown separately in several tables and the full report is presented in detail in the text of the article. It should be noted that in addition to changes in the post-test scores of the subjects, according to their parents, significant changes were observed in their overt behaviors. The results obtained in this study were coextensive with the results of many similar studies. Adverse findings were also obtained because they were not among the objectives of the study and were not reported. Adverse findings could be studied as a new study in the future. Conclusion: Currently, many play therapy methods have been suggested for children, but Adler play therapy is a popular approach to play therapy and includes many interventions that help children move toward healing and adjustment. Considering that the most serious problem of autistic children is a social empathy skills impairment and also due to effectiveness of Adlerian puppet therapy intervention program to enhance empathy skills of the experimental group applying this interventional program in all special autism disorder rehabilitation centers for who are autism disorders recommended It is also suggested that the implementation of this rehabilitation package be done by specialized and trained people. It should be noted that accurate and correct implementation of puppet therapy and play therapy is not very easy and requires an experienced and trained person. The implementation and application of puppet therapy is not limited to children with ASD. It is used for all groups with different problems and diseases in all situations. One of the problems in using puppet therapy is the child's dependence on the puppet, during the puppet treatment and also choosing the type of puppet, according to the type of child problem. Also, despite all the measures to neutralize the effect of unpredictable variables, it is possible that the obtained results are somewhat likely to be influenced by other variables. Therefore, the interpretation and generalization of the findings of this study to other situations and statistical communities should be done with caution. Many studies have been done to determine the sustainability of the effect of puppet therapy on improving the problems of children with autism, especially their communication and social problems. However, more studies are neededantibiotic resistance characteristics are determined and appropriate antibiotics are prescribed. 6152 Neurosurgery The Health quality assessment patients whit Lumbar disc herniation, before and after Herniated Lumbar Disc surgery Saeidi Boroojeni Hamid Rez Mehrafzoon Niloofar Mashalchi Hamideh Mahvar Tayebeh Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran kermanshah dezfol Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 176 185 11 03 2020 23 08 2020 Background: Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common causes of low back pain and after pulmonary disease, low back pain is the second most common reason to see a doctor. Diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation in a patient presenting with sciatica is based on history, clinical signs, physical examination, and MRI or CT imaging techniques. Pain Most patients who present with sciatica due to lumbar disc herniation respond to conservative and rest treatments, but patients who do not respond to medical treatment and rest undergo lumbar MRI imaging without contrast and if indicated Clinically, the presence of a disc herniation undergoes surgery with a pressure effect on the spinal sac or nerve root. Clinical indication for lumbar disc herniation surgery occurs when, despite rest, the pain persists for more than 4 weeks, due to high pressure, the person develops paresthesia in the lower extremities, the patient's pain recurs frequently and the patient's life Disrupt. Chronic diseases such as back pain have important consequences, including changes in people's quality of life. Quality of life is a multidimensional structure that is characterized by social, mental and physical vitality and causes a feeling of vitality and satisfaction with life, and certainly spinal surgery affects the quality of life in all dimensions. In the present study, the quality of patients' health before and after lumbar disc herniation surgery and the necessity of disc surgery were investigated. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study in which samples were selected by convenience, 90 patients with chronic low back pain who were candidates for lumbar disc herniation surgery were studied. Data were collected through the 36-SF Health Quality Questionnaire and also using a demographic questionnaire, patient demographic information including age, sex, height, weight, smoking, occupation and level of education was collected. Before the operation, the 36-SF questionnaire was used to assess the quality of patients' health. After the operation, patients were followed up in two stages of 6 months and then 12 months with the help of the questionnaire and their quality of life was re-evaluated. Exclusion criteria included patients who had complications from surgery during the follow-up period, including wound infection, nerve root damage and neurological defects, incomplete recovery of lower back and lower extremity pain, and recurrence of disc herniation. They were lumbar or found a new history of other diseases such as stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disease, in which case they were excluded from the study. Descriptive statistics including calculation of numerical indices (mean and standard deviation) for quantitative traits and percentage for qualitative traits were used for summarization. Also, paired t-test was used to analyze quantitative data and Wilcoxon test was used if necessary and KS test was used for data normality. The stratification method was used for comparative purposes in terms of contextual variables. Then the samples were analyzed with SPSS-20 software. Results: Mean and standard deviation of score improvement in physical dimension of quality of life before and 6 months after treatment in terms of sex were 38.60 9 9.13 in men and 31.90 56 8.56 in women, which was statistically different. Was significant (p = 0.005). Also, the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in physical dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment was 43.58 6 6.72 in men and 40.37 24 7.24 in women, which was not statistically significant (p=0.009). The mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the psychological dimension of quality of life before and 6 months after treatment was 18.41 ± 11.72 in men and 14.26 37 7.37 in women, which was statistically significant (p<0.001)), also the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the psychological dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment was estimated to be 24.93 9 9.69 in men and 29.26 86 8.86 in women, which was statistically significant. In women, there was more improvement than men. Mean and standard deviation of score improvement in physical dimension Quality of life before and 6 months after treatment in patients based on the duration of low back and lower limb pain, in two groups under 2 months and above 2 months were studied. The results showed that in the group under 2 months, 39.06 18 7.18 in the group above 2 months was 32.59 36 9.36 which was statistically significant (p=0.012) so that Patients with less back and lower limb pain (less than 2 months) showed more improvement. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the physical dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment in the group under 2 months was 45.37 86 7.86 in the group over 2 months was 38.68 10 10.31, which was different from Statistically significant (p=0.08) that patients with less back and lower extremity pain (less than 2 months) showed more improvement. In general, the mean score of physical and mental health improvement was significantly different from Paying attention to body mass index, number of involved discs and smoking before, 6 and 12 months later showed that according to the results of independent t-test, the score of improving the quality of life in physical and mental dimensions; Compared to before, 6 months and 12 months after surgery were statistically significant among men and women and showed an increase in quality of life in both physical and psychological dimensions (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the quality of life in the present study in the time periods before treatment, 6 and 12 months after treatment caused a significant improvement in the physical and mental condition of patients with lumbar disc herniation so that the mean score of quality of life Before the intervention, it was increased to 5.94 29 29.5, 6 months after the intervention to 60.17 4 4.55 and in 12 months after the intervention to 65.26 6 6.18, which statistical test also showed a significant increase (p<0.001). 6027 Exercise Physiology No change of IL-1B in the presence of weight loss and abdominal obesity induced by aerobic training without dietary restrictions in obese women Rostami Amirhousain Nazari Sanaz Eizadi Mojtaba Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran 1 10 2020 27 7 186 195 13 12 2019 02 02 2020 Background: Due to the wide range of mechanisms of action of hormonal mediators and other metabolites on the immune system and the function of other tissues of the body, the answers are often different. This is especially true of the response of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines to exercise in healthy obese or sick individuals. It is well established that obesity or increased body fat levels predispose to most chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease or other chronic diseases (1). Among these, IL-1ß is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the association of inflammation. However, their exact functional mechanisms under natural conditions as well as in the presence of disease have not yet been fully elucidated (5). IL-1ß is known to regulate the body's inflammatory responses and plays an important role in the association between obesity and inflammatory diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis and chronic heart failure (6). In this regard, IL-1ß is a known cytokine among the proteins that regulate cell physiological responses and due to its inflammatory properties has been introduced to develop insulin resistance and a strong mediator to increase it (7). It has been suggested that IL-1ß levels increase in the presence of obesity (2). As some scientific sources indicate its direct relationship with BMI (8). Therefore, it is always hypothesized that weight loss or body fat percentage due to pharmacological or non-pharmacological stimulants such as exercise leading to lower body fat levels is associated with improved components in the inflammatory profile such as IL-1ß, although in this There are also conflicting findings. As in the study of Baldusi et al. (2009), long-term low-intensity aerobic exercise as well as a combined aerobic-resistance training program led to a decrease in IL-1ß levels in obese and diabetic individuals (9). Some studies in animal species have also supported the reduction of this inflammatory cytokine following exercise (10,11). Contrary to these findings, in another study, plasma IL-1ß levels did not change significantly following a training program (12). Lack of effect of exercise on IL-1ß levels has been reported by some other studies (13). A review of the evidence indicates a mismatch of findings regarding the response or compatibility of IL-10 or other inflammatory components to exercise. On the other hand, due to limited studies in this field on sedentary obese women, the present study aims to determine the effect of a course of aerobic exercise on serum IL-1B levels by emphasizing the pattern of weight changes and other anthropometric indices in middle-aged obese women. Methods: The present study was conducted by quasi-experimental research method and experimental research design with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consists of obese women (36% BMI ≥ 30) in the 21st district of Tehran in the age range of 30 to 40 years (IR.SSRC.REC.1397.322). After getting acquainted with the objectives of the study, 30 obese women with inclusion criteria from the statistical population voluntarily participated in the study and were divided into two groups of exercise (6 weeks of aerobic exercise, n = 15) and control (without exercise, n = 15) were divided. Aerobic training and blood sampling: After anthropometric measurements, subjects were asked to come to the blood laboratory for sampling after 10 to 12 hours of night fasting (fasting) between 8 and 9 am. Subjects were asked to refrain from any strenuous physical activity for 48 hours before blood sampling. Blood samples (5 ml) were taken from the left hand vein of each subject in a sitting and resting position and after separating the serum at a temperature of minus 80 until IL-1B was measured (pre-test). Then, the exercise group participated in a 6-week aerobic exercise session with 3 sessions per week in the range of intensity of 60 to 75% of the maximum heart rate in an indoor gym without a slope. Each training session was performed with 5 to 10 minutes of warm-up and stretching movements, then the main stage of the activity was done in the form of running on a flat surface in the indoor space and at the end of cooling for 5 minutes. The intensity of training in each training session was controlled and recorded by a polar pacemaker based on the percentage of maximum heart rate. The main program of each training session was in the form of running at defined intensities, so that the subjects spent the first two weeks with an intensity of 60 to 65, the third and fourth weeks with an intensity of 65 to 75, and the fifth and sixth weeks with an intensity of 70 75% did the maximum heart rate. The volume of activity during the training period started from 10 minutes in the first week and ended to 40 minutes in the last week. Finally, 48 hours after the last training session, blood sampling was performed in the same conditions as the pre-test (post-test). The comparisons between the measurements were determined by paired and unpaired samples t test at P-value of < 0.05. Results: Findings related to intra-group changes in anthropometric indices in each of the experimental and control groups showed that 6 weeks of aerobic training leads to a significant reduction in anthropometric indices in the experimental group (p <0.05), but these indices In the control group at the end of the study (post-test) compared to the beginning of the study (pre-test) did not change significantly (p <0.05). Comparison of baseline levels of serum IL-1B between the experimental and control groups showed that there was no significant difference in this variable between the two groups (p = 0.683). Could not (p = 0.219). In other words, aerobic intervention, although it led to a decrease in IL-1B levels in the experimental group, but this change was not statistically significant (Table 2, Figure 4). Serum IL-1B levels also did not change significantly in the control group (p = 0.718). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that aerobic intervention was not associated with a significant change in IL-1B in obese women. In other words, applying 6 weeks of aerobic exercise to 3 sessions per week in the intensity range of 60 to 75% of maximum heart rate does not lead to a significant change in serum IL-1B levels in obese women who have previously been inactive. . However, some recent studies have supported the improvement of inflammatory cytokines in response to aerobic exercise or other training methods. The lack of significant change in IL-1B in the present study can be attributed to the lack of diet control during the training period because the studied obese women followed their diet pattern during the aerobic intervention period. In a recent study, serum resistin levels did not change significantly after 3 months of aerobic exercise in the absence of diet control in obese men (26). In this regard, the findings of a study revealed that 6 months of lifestyle changes in the form of diet in combination with exercise leads to a significant reduction in CRP in elderly women with metabolic syndrome (16). In another study by Bijeh et al., Exercising with dietary calorie restriction in the form of 27 sessions of aerobic exercise during the holy month of Ramadan led to a reduction in body fat percentage with a significant reduction in IL-1B (27). Decreased IL-1B levels through controlled diet and exercise are associated with improved insulin resistance in healthy or sick individuals (28). Researchers also believe that controlling the diet or providing a proper diet when exercising, especially in healthy or obese people, has a stronger effect on the inflammatory profile than when applied alone (29, 30). ، 31). It is also possible that balancing or improving the inflammatory profile in response to exercise programs is limited to their levels in skeletal muscle rather than their systemic levels. For example, in one study, 6 months of exercise in the form of 4 to 6 sets of 10-minute cycles per day resulted in decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1B in skeletal muscle at nine systemic levels in patients with heart failure (32). The findings of this study reveal that aerobic training intervention in absence to in the absence of control diet is not associated with anti-inflammatory property with emphasis on serum IL-1B in obese females.