@article{ author = {Akbarian, Abdorasoul and Mehdizadeh, Abolfazl and Arjomandi, Fatemeh and Alaghebandan, Rez}, title = {RUOTURE OF SPLENIC ARTERY ANEURYSM DURING PREGNANCY: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={Spontaneous rupture of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) during pregnancy is a rare event with catastrophic consequences. The risk of rupture, generally given as 3% to 5%, rises in pregnancy up to over 20%, with a 70% maternal and 95% fetal mortality rate. Review of the literature reveals that more than 100 cases of ruptured SAAs in pregnancy have been reported. However, mother and fetus have survived in only 13 of these cases. This paper describes a case of SM rupture during pregnancy, reporting survival of the mother. A 27-year-old primigravid at 31 st week of gestation was admitted because of acute severe epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. Physical examination showed that she was in a hypovolemic preshock state with tenderness on abdominal palpation in the epigastrium and left upper quadrant. From the obstetrical point of view there was no bleeding and no uterine contraction, but fetus showed severe bradycardia. She immediately underwent an emergency laparotomy, SM was resected and splenectomy was performed but unfortunately, fetus did not survive. The patient recovered with no complication, however, further evaluation revealed esophageal varices due to portal hypertension.}, Keywords = {Vascular Diseases, Splenic Artery Aneurysm (SAA), Pregnancy, Portal Hypertension}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {271-274}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1756-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1756-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Pirooz, Tahereh and Farsi, Shahla and ForooheshTehrani, Hom}, title = {GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI COLONIZATION IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN LABOR}, abstract ={Nowadays, group B streptococcus (GBS) is considered an important agent in early-onset infection in newborn infants. This is often transmitted to the child from the birth canal. Neonatal infection depends on degree of colonization of mother's vagina in labor. This study was conducted at two obstetrical teaching hospitals in Tehran (Shahid Akbarabadi and Mirza Kuchak Khan). Specimens were obtained from 200 women in labor befor rupture of membranes and directly inoculated into Todd-Hewith broth (THB) and selective Todd-Hewith broth (STHB) and incubated at 37'C and for 24 hours. Isolated strains were identified using conventional bacteriological methods. Then the degree of colonization was determined in positive GBS cultures. The results showed that the use of STHB increases the yield of positive GBS cultures. 17% of women were colonized with GBS. Degree of colonization in GBS carriers was determined. Colonization was light in 21%, moderate in 26%, heavy in 21% and very heavy in 32% of carriers (53% heavy and very heavy). These findings show that the risk of neonatal sepsis, due to transmission of GBS from the birth canal, should be considered seriously.}, Keywords = {Group B Streptococcus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Early-onset neonatal infection, Neonatal Spsis, Vaginal Colonization, Labor}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {275-280}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1748-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1748-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Khorsandi, Ali Akbar}, title = {SHOULDER PAIN: TWO YEARS EXPERIENCE IN SHOULDER SURGERY CLINIC OF SHOHADA-YE 7TH TIR HOSPITAL}, abstract ={In this retrospective study, 82 patients who admitted to shoulder surgery clinic of shohada-ye 7th Tit Hospital from March 1995 to March 1997 were analyzed. Of these patients, 42 were male and 40 were female. The ages of male patients ranged from 25 to 75 years and of female patients from 25 to 65 years. The mean age of males was 49.19 and females was 45.97 years. Right shoulder was affected in the majority of patients. Referrals were more in spring and summer, but patients believed that cold can aggravate pain. The etiology was unknown but they have mentioned history of trauma, car accident, diabetes, occupational problems and .... In present study, subacromial bursitis was the most common cause of shoulder pain. of 82 patients, 46 (56%) were improved by proper medica) ther,apye i.e. administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physiotherapy based on Neer's protocol ana in some cases, especially in those older than 40 years, subacromial corticosteroid injection. 14 cases (18%) who did not respond to medical therapy, refused to be followed up. 22 cases (26%) underwent surgical therapy. Of these latter cases, 11 were male and 11 were female and all had received medical therapy before operation. Complete physical examination, different laboratory tests and radiography - three views - were performed for all cases. Arthrography, MRI, CT scanning and ultrasonography were performed depending on the case. Of these 22 cases, 5 cases (3 females and 2 males) underwentpreoperative diagnostic arthroscopy for definite diagnosis. Torn labrums were removed by arthroscope in 2 of these latter 5 cases. The results of surgical operations were good and excellent in 80% of cases. So, it can be concluded that surgical operation is a good approach for those patients who are not responsive to medical therapy.}, Keywords = {Shoulder Pain, Shoulder impingement Syndrome, Rotator, Arthroscopy, Subacromial Injection}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {281-289}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1747-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1747-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Derakhshan, Jahangir}, title = {STRUMA OVARII WITH PSEUDO-MEIGS\' SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={Teratoma is one of the commonest ovarian tumors. Struma ovarii is a rare cystic teratoma which is predominantly composed of thyroid tissue. Sometimes, this tumor is accompanied by ascites and hydrothorax which suggests Meigs' syndrome. In this paper, a case of struma ovarii and serous cystadenoma in one oval}' and agenesis of contralateral ovary with hypoplasia of Fallopian tube and pseudo-Meigs' syndrome.}, Keywords = {Ovarian Diseases, Teratoma, Struma Ovarii, Meigs\' syndrome, Pseudo-Meigs\' Syndrome}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {290-296}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1744-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1744-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Rasi, Abbas}, title = {REPORT OF 200 ZONA PATIENTS}, abstract ={This study was performed to determine age, sex, site and side of involvement in patients with herpes zoster. For this purpose, all patients of dermatology clinic of Firuzabadi Hospital in Thehran who presented with painful grouped vesiculobullous lesions with a dermatomal distribution on an erythematous base for the first time, in whom no predisposing factor could be detected, and had a clinical course compatible with herpes zoster (at least of two weeks duration) were considered as herpes zoster cases after three follow up visits with weekly intervals from the first visit and were included in this study. 200 cases of herpes zoster were found (1.18% of dermatology clinic cases) from August 22, 1996 through December 21, 1998. The ages of patients ranged from 9 to 90 years and the mean age of involvement (mean ± Sf) was 41.89 ± 1.37 years. 65% of the patients were 50 years old or younger and 35% were younger than 30 years. This shows that in this study the age of involvement is significantly lower than other series. There was no significant difference between mean ages of males and females. The most common involved dermatomes were thoracic (33%), lumbosacral (30.5%), cervical (20%) and trigeminal (16%). There was a single case (0.5%) of disseminated herpes zoster. In this study, the most common involved dermatomes were thoracic, but the frequencies of involvement of these dermatomes were lower than what reported in other series (53-55%). The frequency of involvement of lumbosacral dermatome was higher than other series (11 %). The mean age of trigeminal involvement was significantly higher than the mean age of the patients with thoracic involvement (difference of two means = 12.98 years and P = 0.011). There were no significant differences between the sites and the sides (right or left) of involvement in males and females as well as between different age groups. There were no significant differences between the right or left side lesions, comparing different dermatomal involvements.}, Keywords = {SkinDiseases, Zona, Herpes Zoster, Varicella Zoster Virus}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {297-301}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1743-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1743-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SoltaniArabshahi, Kamran and ForooheshTehrani, Homa and MahmoodArabi, Seyed Mehdi}, title = {VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS}, abstract ={The enterococci are gram positive microorganisms. Currently they are considered as one of the most important causes of mortality in hospitalized patients. Enterococci are the 4th cause of nosocomial infections. The importance of enterococci is due to the ability of these bacteria in developing resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. The other contributory factor is the potency of transmitting resistance to other microorganisms and their role as a reservoir for spreading resistance. In this study, gastrointestinal colonization with vancomycin - resistant enterococci in hospitalized patients has been investigated. Stools or rectal swabs have been collected from 300 hospitalized patients and 100 controls. Enterococci were isolated in 290 of hospitalized patients and all of controls. The isolated enterococci were tested by "disk diffusion" for resistance to vancomycin and penicillin. All controls were sensitive to vancomycin, whereas in hospitalized patients 2 cases were considered as resistant and 22 cases seemed suspicious. By using serial dilution, sensitivity test was performed to determine minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for confirming resistance. 4 of 22 suspicious cases and 2 confirmed resistant cases had an MIG higher than 64 mg/L, and thus were considered resistant. In this study, the results reveal a resistance rate of 2.07% in hospitalized patients which is compatible with European studies.}, Keywords = {Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Colonization, Antibiotic Resistance}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {302-309}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1742-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1742-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Shariati, Tabandeh and Koochmeshgi, Jalal}, title = {EFFECTS OF PHENTOLAMINE ON THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUG 5-FLUOROURACIL IN THE EPITHELIUM OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RAT}, abstract ={Toxicity of antineoplastic agents to the gastrointestinal epithelium is one of the major factors that limit dose and duration of administration of these drugs in cancer chemotherapy. This toxicity is probably due to the rapid rate of epithelial cell proliferation in the gastrointestinal tract. We proposed that selective reduction of the rate of cell proliferation in this tissue, at the time of chemotherapy, may protect it from chemotherapy-induced damage. Several agents are known to reduce the rate of cell proliferation in the epithelium of small intestine. In this study, one of these agents - phentolamine - was investigated. Phentolamine is an adrenoceptor blocking agent. Twenty four female Wistar rats weighing between 150 to 200 grams were randomly divided into four groups, six each. Rats in two of these groups received an intraperitoneal injection of phentolamine (20 mg/kg) at 10:30, a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-f1uorouracil (350 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg respectively) at 12:00, and another injection of phentolamine (20 mg/kg) at 13:00. Rats in the remaining two groups received injections of distilled water at 10:30 and 13:00 and a single injection of 5-f1uorouracil (350 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg respectively) at 12:00. Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed in midday in the third day after injection and the other half in the fifth day. Samples were obtained from small intestine, 7 to 13 centimeters distal to pyloric sphincter and eight hematoxylin-eosin stained microscopic sections were prepard from each rat. Only those villi which were sectioned in their entire longitudinal axes were studied. Individual villus columns were selected randomly and their cells counted under light microscope. Results show that phentolamine significantly prevents villus shortening in the epithelium of small intestine.}, Keywords = {Antineoplastic Drug Side Effects, Phentolamine, Epithelium of Small Intestine, Fluorouracil}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {310-314}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1741-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1741-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Nakhaei, Shahrbanoo}, title = {UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY IN CHILDREN: SIX MONTHS EXPERIENCE IN HAZRATE ALI ASGHAR CHILDREN\'S HOSPITAL}, abstract ={In this descriptive study, 54 children with upper gastrointestinal complaints were seen in gastroenterology clinic of Hazrat-e Aliasghar Children's Hospital in Tehran and endoscopic findings were reviewed. In these children the most common complaint was chronic abdominal pain (78%) and the most common endoscopic finding was nodularity in antrum (39%). Gastritis was the most common finding (43.5%) in 23 patients with positive urease test. Rate of infection with Helicobacter pylori was directly related to age, but was not related to sex.}, Keywords = {Digestive System Diseases, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Duodenal Disease, Helicobacter pylori, chronic abdominal pain, Endoscopy in Children}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {315-318}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1740-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1740-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Noroozi, Masood and AlamiHarandi, Bahador}, title = {TREATMENT OF NON:union: FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE BY VALGUS OSTEOTOMY}, abstract ={Non:::union::: of femoral neck fracture in young patients is still a big problem, specially in developing countries. Between 1980 and 1998 we performed 27 cases of valgusizing osteotomy to fix non:::union::: of femoral neck fracture on patient of 17 to 74 years old with an average of 45 years. Majority of the patients had displaced fracture of femoral neck and had under gone surgery but most were faced implant failure Almost all of the patients were suffering from pain and limitation of motion so that they were not able to walk without support. Average Neck-shaft angle was 105(80-130) with average shorthening of 2.5cm. After valgusizing osteotoms 24 of 27 cases healed between 3-10 months (average 5 months) two had implant failure, 5 patient had mild A Vascular Necrosis. at time of stUdy which was not symptomatic. pain and limitation of motion improved remakably so that majority of the patients didn't have to use crutches and shorthening was reduced to an average of 1 cm. We reached to the conclusion that valgusizing osteotomy of proximal of femur is a good porcedure for non:::union::: offemroal neck fracture in young patients, because it is an easy operation to perform with relatively good result.}, Keywords = {Femoral Neck Fracture, Valgus Ostctomy, Fixation of Fracture, Linition of Motion, Shorthening}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {319-325}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1739-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1739-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {Bozorgzadeh, Minoo}, title = {Reduction of Complications Caused by Iodinated Intravascular Contrast Media: Ionic Versus Non-ionic}, abstract ={The risk of radiologic procedures is determined by different factors including contrast media, type of disease, procedure and skill of the physician. To reduce the contrast media-related risk, it is wise to use low osmolar contrast media (LOCM) in high-risk patients. When there is negligible cost difference between LOCM and other contrast media, it is wise to use LOCM for all patients. If an alternative procedure could avoid use of contrast media, it should be preferred (especially in high risk patients).}, Keywords = {Intravascular iodinated contrast media, Ionic Contrast Media, Non-ionic Contrast Media}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {180-193}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1757-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1757-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Poorjavad, Monireh}, title = {Estrogen Replasement Therapy in Postmenopausal Women and Breast Cancer}, abstract ={Low levels of endogenous estrogens in postmenopausal women lead to several clinical problems. Some of these problems can be resolved by estrogen replacement therapy. The role of estrogen therapy in increasing the risk of breast cancer has not been well known yet. So, it was decided to study this controversial issue. In this study, 122 postmenopausal women, ranging in age from 46 to 61 years, were evaluated. They were divided into three groups. (1) 55 cases who received hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for 1-3 years (study group) (2) 55 individuals who did not receive HRT (control group) (3) 12 cases with known breast cancer. In el! of them, serum levels of estradiol was measured in the same laboratory, with the same method. The serum estrogen level was higher in the first group (75.62%, P < 0.001) as compared with the second. It was also shown that serum estrogen level in postmenopausal women with breast cancer is higher than first group (41.14%, P < 0.004). This level was also higher than second group (85.65%, P < 0.001). It can be concluded that serum estrogen level in postmenopausal women with breast cancer is higher than serum estrogen level in healthy postmenopausal women, whether they had received estrogen replacement therapy or not.}, Keywords = {Hormone replacement Therapy, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Estrogen, Estradiol, Menopause, Postmenopausal Period, Climateric, Breast Neoplasm}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {194-200}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1758-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1758-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {HassanpoorAvanji, Seyed Hossein and Ghofrani, Mohamm}, title = {Menkes Syndrome (A Case Report)}, abstract ={We described the first case of Menkes syndrome in an Iranian infant in Tehran. He was admitted for control of seizure and assessment of developmental delay in Mofid' s Children Hospital in .January 1997. Clinical symptomatologies a/l favored the diagnosis of Menkes disease which was confirmed by low serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels.}, Keywords = {Menkes Disease, Copper Deficiency, Copper Metabolism, Degenerative Brain Diseases, Ceruloplasmin}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {201-204}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1759-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1759-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Haghighi, L}, title = {Prevention of Preterm Delivery: Nifedipine or Magnesium Sulfate}, abstract ={In this study a comparison was made between the efficacy and side effects of nifedipine and magnesium sulfate in inhibition of preterm labor. 74 cases in preterm labor were randomized to either oral nifedipine (n = 34) or intravenous magnesium sulfate (n = 40). All cases were primigravid with singleton pregnancies and gestational ages of 23-36 weeks. Both groups were similar in terms of age, gestational age and cervical dilatation. There was no significant difference between effectiveness of magnesium sulfate (70%) and nifedipine (76.5%) in arresting labor and delaying delivery more than 48 hours. Also the difference between maternal complications was not significant in these groups. But, the time needed to stop preterm labor was shorter with nifedipine (2.98 ± 3.02 hours) than magnesium sulfate (4.8 ± 4.23 hours) (P = 0.04). So, as the administration of nifedipine is easier and its effect appears faster than magnesium sulfate and the difference between efficacy . and side effects of these drugs is not significant, it can be concluded that nifedipine is an appropriate alternative to the magnesium sulfate in meneqement of preterm labor.}, Keywords = {Pregnancy, Complication of Pregnancy, Preterm Labor, Preterm Delivery, Nifedipine, Magnesium Sulfate}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {205-209}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1760-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1760-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {SalekMoghaddam, Alireza and Mostafavi, Hamid and Kamgooyan, Malihe and Imani, Mohsen and Shekarabi, Mehdi}, title = {Study of Association of HLA Schizophernia in Iranian Patients of Shahid Esmaeili Hospital}, abstract ={Schizophrenia is the worst illness that affects human mentality and is considered as a chronic mental disorder. According to the report of WHO, the overall prevalence rate of schizophrenia is 0.7-1% in any L·: population. Due to this high rate of prevalence, many studies have been conducted in this field. As incidence and severity of this illness are influenced by genetics, as an intervening factor, studies which are conducted to clear this issue seem necessary. Despite many reports of association of HLA antigens and schizophrenia in other countries, nothing was known in Iran. So, we decided to conduct this study. In this study, the frequencies of 52 antigens of class I and II were determined in 45 schizophrenic patients and were compared with those of control group. Of these 45 patients, 20 cases were female, with a mean age of 29 years and 25 cases were male, with a mean age of 35 years. All these patients were physically healthy. To determine the frequencies of the aforementioned antigens, microlymphocytotoxicity method was employed. The results show that the difference of frequencies of A9, AW19, 85,815,851, 8w6, CW3, DR5, DR11 and DQ1antigens is significant (P < 0.05) between case and control groups. Of these antigens, the relative risk (RR) was higher than 1 in Bw6 and Cw3 and lower than 1 in the others. It can be concluded that the antigens 8w6 (RR=4.6 and etiologic factor [EF]= 0.72) and Cw3 (RR=2.67 and EF=0.13) are positively associated with schizophrenia. Other may have a protective role.}, Keywords = {Schizophernia, Major Histocopatibility, HLA Antigens, Medical Genetics, Immunological Diseases, Microlymphocytotoxicity reactions, Susceptibility}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {210-222}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1761-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1761-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Setareshenas, Roya and Karami, Fari}, title = {Leiomyosarcoma of Abdominal Cavity ( A Case Report)}, abstract ={A 50 years old woman came to Firuzabadi General Hospital with both flanks pain. By ultrasonography and abdominal or scanning, a mass was found near the right ovary. With the possible diagnosis of ovarian tumor, the patient underwent hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy. In the operative field, the mass was found in the mesentery of small intestine and was removed. It was an encapsulated, solid and firm mass with a diameter of 15 centimeters. microscopic study showed a low-grade malignant spindle cell tumor. The findings of immunohistochemical staining were compatible with leiomyosarcoma.}, Keywords = {Cancers, Smooth Muscle Tumors, Abdominal Cavity Tumors, Leiomyosarcoma}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {223-228}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1762-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1762-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {MoosaviBafrooei, Seyed Fatollah and SalehianDardashti, Pirooz and Behnam, Babak}, title = {Serum Level of Circulating SCC Tumor Marker in Head and Neck Tumor}, abstract ={For determining the sensitMty and specificity of serum level of circulating sec tumor marker, for diagnosis of head and neck primary tumors and metastatic types of see and non-See tumors, the present study was conducted. 89 patients with head and neck tumors (thyroid tumors were excluded) were studied during a one year period. When the questionnaires were completed and radiologic measures and clinical tests were performed, the patients underwent the clinical and pathologic diagnoses and received medical therapy. All the regular and special methods of histopathology were applied for final diagnosis. Of 89 cases, 50 (56.2%) proved to have squamous cell carcinoma and 39 (43.8%) proved to have non-See tumors with 21 different pathologic types. To measure the above mentioned marker, blood samples were obtained from the cases and were tested by immunologic, biochemical and enzymatic mothods. Then the results were compared with results of pathologic diagnosis. The final result shows that the level of see tumor marker increases significantly (P < 0.0001) in sec of head and neck. Moreover, in patients with malignant tumors of head and neck, the level of this tumor marker is higher (P < 0.05) than patients with benign tumors of head and neck. It should be noted that, according to pathological diagnosis, 73% of head and neck tumors are malignant and 23% are benign.}, Keywords = {Circulating Tumor Marker, Tumor Marker, SCC-Ag, Head and Neck Neoplasms}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {229-238}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1763-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1763-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {NajmAbadi, Shahandokht and Kafashi, Ahm}, title = {Feeding Patterns in The First Two Years of Life West of Tehran}, abstract ={In this descriptive cross-sectional survery, 820 children less than 2 years old were studied. The study was conducted in west of Tehran where the public health is supervised by Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Cases were selected by random stratified cluster sampling. It was shown that only 29.7% of infants were breast-fed within the first hour of life. 94% of children received colostrum. The rate of exclusive breast-feeding in first 6 months of life was 59.6%. Also, the feeding pattern of 15.5% of children was predominant breast-feeding in the first 6 months of life. Breast-feeding was continued in more than 59% of children older than 12 months. The rate of breast-feeding declined predominantly in the second year of life, especially in 16-18 months of age. In 87.3% of children, supplementary foods were introduced at 4-6 months of age. The most common age of introducing supplementary foods was end of 5th month and beginning of 6th month.}, Keywords = {Nutrition, Infant Feeding, Breast- Feeding, Exclusive Breast- Feeding, Predominant Breast- Feeding, Supplementary Feeding}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {239-245}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1764-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1764-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Hashemi, Forough and Nasseroleslami, Parvaneh}, title = {Comparison of Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Normal Throid, Nodular Goiter and Throid Neoplasms}, abstract ={Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) are loops of ribosomal DNA in the nucleolus and are associated with acidic proteins that have a high affinity for silver. In this study, the mean AgNOR counts were evaluated in specimens. Seventy three specimens were examined, including 16 normal thyroids, 19 nodular goiters, 21 follicular adenomas and 17 thyroid carcinomas (11 papillary, 4 follicular carcinomas, and 2 medullary carcinomas). The specimens were stained, using modified AgNOR staining method. It has been shown that mean AgNOR count increases from normal thyroid (1.45 ± 0.21) to papillary carcinoma, nodular goiter (1.60 ± 0.29), thyroid carcinoma (total) (1.78 ± 0.38), follicular adenoma (1.79 ± 0.42), follicular carcinoma (2.10 ± 0.12) and medullary carcinoma (2.22 ± 0.32) (mean ± SD). But, statistical analysis of the above findings, using unpaired Student's t test showed that mean AgNOR counts in adenoma and carcinoma are significantly higher than normal thyroid (P< 0.05), but the difference between other groups was not significant. There was also significant overlap in mean AgNOR counts of these groups. It can be concluded from these results that the mean AgNOR counts may have no diagnostic value in differentiating benign and malignant lesions of thyroid on paraffin embedded sections.}, Keywords = {Thyroid Diseases, Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions, AgNOR, Diagnosis, Laboratory Diagnosis}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {246-252}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1765-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1765-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {EhteshamiAfshar, Amin and Zahmatkesh, Mohammad Mehdi and Asadian, Asadollah}, title = {Size of Beta Angle in Felw-Volume Loop of Patients with Obstructive Lung Diseases}, abstract ={It is known that spiromentry is the most conventional method to determine pulmonary function. In spirometry, the shape of flow-volume loop is the most helpful finding to evaluate pulmonary dysfunction. Obstruction is best demonstrated by the slope of the descending portln of the exhalation curve. Measurement of fJ-angle is helpful for determination of this slope. fJ-angle is defined by 3 points in flow-volume loop. The first one, the vertex of the angle, is the point of maximum flow in mid vital capacity. The second point is the end of vital capacity on volume axis and the last one is the point of peak flow on the flow axis. In this study, 325 cases, both smoker and non-smoker, were studied. Rsults show thatfJ-angle decreases by increasing age over 30 years. There is no significant difference in size of fJ-angle between smokers smoking less than 20 pack-years and non-smokers. But, size of this angle decreases in smokers smoking more than 20 pack-years. Size of fJ-angle decreases with obstructive diseases but there is no change in it's size in restrictive diseases. Size of fJ-angle decreases when VC, FEV1, FEF25-75 or FEV1/FVC decrease.}, Keywords = {Flow-Volume Loop, Beta Angle, Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Pulmonary Diseases, Smoking, Respiratory Tract Diseases}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {89-93}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1766-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1766-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Adib, Minoo and Abolhasani, Rasool and AbkarShahnazar, E}, title = {Study of HAL-A, B and C alloantigens in a Population of Esfahan Province}, abstract ={A random sample of 500 healthy unrelated subjects from Esfahan province were HLA typed for A, 8 and C locus antigens. The lymphocytes were separated from 5 ml of whole peripheral blood and were typed for HLA _ A, 8 and C by using the standard two stage microlymphocytotoxicity NIH technique. The findings suggest that in the study population, frequency of HLA-Al' A2, A3, Ag HLA-8s, 83S and HLA-CW4 antigens is higher than other HLA antigens. It has been concluded that the destribution of HLA class I antigens in Esfahan is similar to their distribution in Tehran and Mashhad}, Keywords = {HLA Antigens, HLA Distribution, Immunological and Biological Factors, HLA Calss I Distribution, Esfahan}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {94-96}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1767-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1767-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Oormazdi, Hormozd and SoltaniArabshahi, Seyed Kamran and Akhlaghi, Lame and Mozafari, Ebrahim}, title = {Early Dignosis of Human Facioliasis by Metacercaria Precipitation Method}, abstract ={Fascioliasis is a cosmopolitan parasitic disease common between human and herbivorous animals. Since the disease leads to significant liver damage, it should be diagnosed and treated more quickly and more accurately. The etiologic agent is Fasciola hepatica (and rarely Fasciola gigantica). In Iran Fascioliasis is more prominent in the humid north provinces as compared to other areas. The disease initiates with ingestion of drinking water and raw vegetables (lettuce, watercress and ... ) that harbor metacercariae. Then, the larvae reside and mature in biliary ducts. The most common symptoms are fever, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, eosinophilia, gastrointestinal disorders and allergic reactions. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms and epidemiologic informations. It is confirmed by parasitologic and serologic methods. As parasitologic tests are only definitive in 30% of cases, and serologic methods are highly diagnostic and accurate, we used metacercaria precipitation test for early diagnosis of human fascioliasis for the first time in Iran. We used in vitro-bred metacercariae as major antigens. They were incubated with serum samples offasciola-infected patients and healthy individuals (control group). Different dilutions of 1/5 and 1/10 were used. Precipitation reactions were assessed after 6,24 and 48 hours. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the test at 1/5 dilution were higher than other dilutions and were 95% and 100% respectively. Due to the simplicity and the lack of heavy expenditure, and since the test helps early diagnosis of disease, we suggest that this be used at any part of the country. Due to unavailabillity of nitazoxanide, our patients, with positive metacercaria precipitation test, were treated with triclabendazole which was fUlly effective.}, Keywords = {Fasciola Hepatica, Human Fascioliasis, Metacercaria}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {97-106}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1768-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1768-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Borjian, Leila and Fesharaki, Mehrafari}, title = {Ulcerogenic Effect of Prednisolone on Rat Gastric Mucosa and Role of Neutroohils}, abstract ={The ulcerogenic effect of corticosteroids has always been subject of controversial discussion. In this study, which is a part of another extensive study (the role of neutrophil in induction of gastric mucosal injury by different agents), the effect of prednisolone, as a widely used corticosteroid, on the rat gastric mucosa, was investigated. Prednisolone (1 mg/kg) induced acute mucosal injury (after 3 hours) in special regions of the rat stomach. Moderate neutropenia, induced by methotrexate, significantly reduced the prednisolone induced injury. Profound neutropenia induced by anti-neutrophil serum, completely prevented the induction of injury by prednisolone. A specific muccosal area of the rat stomach is quite similar to the mucosa of the esophagus. Neutropenia also diminished the ulcerogenic effect of prednisolone in this area. These findings suggest a role of neutrophil in induction of gastric, and probably eosophageal acute mucosal injury by prednisolone in rat.}, Keywords = {Digestive System Diseases, Prednisolone, Peptic Ulcer, Stomach Diseases, Neutrophi, Stomach Ulcer, Gastric Ulcer}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-115}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1769-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1769-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Haghighi, L}, title = {Antiphospholipid Syndrome}, abstract ={Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune condition characterized by recurrent vascular thrombosis, pregnancy loss and thrombocytopenia associated with moderate to high levels of antiphospholipid antibodies. Most of clinical features are results of thrombotic phenomena. The pathophysiologic basis ot this syndrome is still unknown. the diagnosis of this syndrome is made by combination of clinical and laboratory features. Depending on the clinical signs and symptoms, the patients are managed with low-dose aspirin and heparin. In specific conditions, patients are managed with conrticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents or plasmapheresis.}, Keywords = {Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Autoimmune Diseases, Immunological Diseases}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {116-121}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1770-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1770-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {KhajeKarameddini, Mehrangiz and Famili, Soroorozam}, title = {Comparison of Psoriatic Plaque Bacterial Flora to Skin Normal Flora}, abstract ={Over a one year period, 50 psoriatic patients were entered into the present study. The patients were selected among those who were referring to the Dermatology Clinic of Ghaem Hospital. The selected patients were being referred to the Microbiology Laboratory of Special Clinic of Ghaem. A sample was obtained from the psoriatic plaque of each patient. Meanwhile, samples were obtained from normal skin flora of a control group. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers. The bacteria isolated from the psoriatic plaques were staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Some of the samples were sterile. The bacteria isolated from the skin of healthy volunteers were species of coagulase-negative staphylococci, Corynebacterium saprophyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, all of which are components of skin normal flora. Results of this study show that the psoriatic plaque is a suitable environment for growth of pathogenic Staphylococcal species because these species were not been isolated from the skin of healthy volunteers.}, Keywords = {Psoriatic Plaque, Skin Bacterial Flora, Psoriasis, Staphylococcus Epidermidis, Skin Diseases, Bacterial Infections}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {122-127}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1771-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1771-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Zahmatkesh, Mohammad Mehdi and Afshar, Bagher and EhteshamiAfshar, Ami}, title = {Pulmonary Function Tests in Bakers of Tehran and Comparison with Control Group}, abstract ={It is known that the smoke of the firewood ovens and flour dust are factors that cause airway dysfunctions such as chronic bronchitis and occupational asthma in bakers. For determing the effects of these factors on pulmonary function tests of those bakers who use conventional ovens with fuels other than firewood, we examined 200 bakers in west of Tehran city. In these cases, pulmonary function tests were performed and different parameters such as FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75% were measured. A comparision was made between these cases and a control group. In this study, the results show that pulmonary function tests of the bakers who have 5 to 30 years of service are not significantly different from that of control group. Thus, it can be concluded that in the study population working with conventional ovens did not lead to a significant chronic airway dysfunction.}, Keywords = {Pulmonary Function Tests, Baker, Diagnosis, Flour, Spirometry}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {128-133}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1772-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1772-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {SalekMoghaddam, Alirez}, title = {Skin Immune System}, abstract ={Skin has some physiologic roles which are performed actively. One of the most important functions of skin is to take part in body immune system. Skin Immune system (SIS) which has local and extra-local effects plays its role through skin associated lymphoid tissues (SALT). SIS provides nonspecific (NI) and specific immunity (SI). NI is effective through PH, fatty acids, antibacterial substances found in sweat, normal skin flora e.g S. epidermidis and Corinebacterium, turnover of skin epithelial cells (keratinocytes) , and so on . SI which is mediated by Band T lymphocytes is a self-limited immunity with memory and specificity and is important in protection of the body.}, Keywords = {Skin, Humoral Immunity, Cell-Mediated Immunity (CMI), Skin Immune System (SIS), Skin Associated Lymphoid tissue(SALT)}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {134-139}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1773-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1773-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Fata, Ladan and Bolhari, Jafar}, title = {Clinical Features of Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder in Patients of Selected Clinics in Tehran}, abstract ={This study deals with clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder in 100 patients who were referred to selected clinics in Tehran. Using Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Check-list, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and a demographic questionaire, this study represents frequency of different signs and symptoms of o CD, rate of depression, personality disorders comorbidity and demographic characteristics of the sample. The findings show that phenomenological characteristics of OCD in these patients are generally congruent with findings of similar researches in other countries. The exeptions are that the content of symptoms is culture bond, rate of hospitalization is very low and rate of non-pharmacologic treatment is also low. According to these findings, guidelines for designing measurment tools and treatment strategies have been suggested.}, Keywords = {Obsessive-compulsive Disorder, Neurotic Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Social Sciences, Sociology, Cultural Anthropology}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {140-152}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1774-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1774-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Vahabzadeh, Abdolvahab}, title = {Current Position of the Etiology of the Mental Disorders}, abstract ={The present article reviews the current position of the etiology of mental disorders in the clinical medicine. To study the contribution of the known factors such as genetic, physical, chemical, and stress factors on the pathogenesis and etiology of mental disorders, most acceptable evidences were gathered. A part of these evidences comes from author's own work. In despite of presence of a rich Iiteratue in psychology, etiology of the psychiatry is unknown. Recent studies in half a century provide some evidence to suggest the neurochemical basis of of the physiology and pathology of the behavioral states. It appears that these neurochemical evidences would provide some suggestions to the hypothesis of mental disorders in the present decade. In this regard, the neuroscience investigations may provide some valuable contribution to the etiology of the mental disorders.}, Keywords = {Etiology, Mental Disorders, Neuroscience}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {153-160}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1775-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1775-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Poormoghim, Hadi and KashanchiLangeroodi, Mohammad Ami}, title = {Crosscultural Reliability and Validity of COOP - Chart Questionnaire}, abstract ={In order to evaluate the reliability and validity of Persian version of coop-cnerttne original questionnaire was translated into Persian without modification, and it was administered to 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The reproducibility and validity were studied. We observed satifactory Spearman's correlation coefficients among the instrument's score, a pain score (Visual Analogus Scale) and conventional clinical variables commonly use by rheumatologist: Number of involved joints and American College of Rheumatology Functional class. The test and retest reliability was also established. In conclusion our results provide evidence of reliability and validity of Persian version of Coop-chart Questionnaire.}, Keywords = {Rheumatoid Arthiritis, Coop - Chart Questionnair, Reliability}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-10}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1776-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1776-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Sadjadi, Seyed Jamaledin and SoltaniArabshahi, Seyed Kamran and Asadi, Kaveh}, title = {Effect of Rifampin and Cloxacilline on Staph. Aureus Nasal Carriers}, abstract ={45 health personnels who were nasal carriers of staph aureus entered in this trial, seven subjects were omitted for various reesos, remainders randomly divided to 3 groups and were treated orally for 4 days. - group I with rifampin & cloxacilline - group 1/ with rifampin & placebo - group 11/ with cloxacilline & placebo All subjects were recultured 3 ~eeks after the completion of treatment. In group I, all 14 subjects were culture negative (100% cure), in group 1/10 out of 14 were culture negative (71% cure) and, in group 11/5 out of 10 (50%), were cultur negative. K.K statistical analysis method gave a P<0.017. For comparison of three groups mamm-whitny test was used that yeilded following results: - difference between group I & 1/ (P<0.033)29% - difference between group I & II/(P< 0.036) 50% - difference between group 1/ & 11/ (P<0.29)29% In conclusion, oral use of rifampin and cloxacilline for four days is a suitable combination for treatment of staph aureus carriers. *(comparision between the use of rifampin and cloxacillin alone was not possible due to low number of subjects)}, Keywords = {Staph Aurues, Nasal Carriers, Cloxacillin, Rifampin}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {11-16}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1777-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1777-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Samaee, Hadi}, title = {Meconium Plug Syndrome in Neonate Following Administration of Magnesium Sulfate for Mother}, abstract ={The meconium plug syndrom is a benign form of colon obstruction in the neonate caused by a firm white plug of mucus. These babies usually present with abdominal distention. Abdominal X ray film reveals distended loops of bowels. Barium enema shows a long radiolucency within the desending colon. The plug is passed after the barium enema or a saline rectal irrigation. Although meconium plug syndrom is found in otherwise completely normal infants because it can be difficult to differntiate from hirschprung disease and to rule out cystic fibrosis and hypothyroidism, a rectal biopsy, sweat test and thyroid function tests may be necessary to obtain in infants with meconium plug syndrom. This syndrom is occasionally seen in neonates due to use of magnesium sulfate after treatment for eclampsia. In this article we are reporting a rare case of meconium plug syndrom due to hypermagnesemia used for treatment of eclampsia.}, Keywords = {Meconium Plug, Intestinal Obstruction, Magnesium Sulfate}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {17-19}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1778-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1778-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {SadeghipoorRoodsari, Hamid Reza and Kord, Ali Rez}, title = {Evaluation of Endogenous Sexual Hormones Effects on Pain}, abstract ={In this research the effect of endogenous sexual hormones on pain perception during the estrus cycle in famale rats has been evaluated, different stages of estrus cycle has been determined by vaginal smears, and the rate of pain responses and susceptibility tests has been determined with formalin and hot plate tests. In this regard, the increase and decrease of response to pain is an indication of famale sexual hormones activity. Meantime, with the help of ovariectomy we succeeded to increase the rate of LH notably, and as a result, we could succeed in evaluation of LH effect on pain response too. Our results showed that, in respect to female sexual hormones activity the acute and chronic pain decreased during the metestrus cycle and increased in proestrus stage. (Licking time in formalin test during the stage of estrus were 15.74±O.35 seconds in the first step and 75.32±O.35 seconds in the subsequent step, (P<O.001). Meanwhile these values were 60.75±O.2 and 45.32±O.35 seconds respectively during the proestrus. We could state that as far as the ovariectomy lasts longer, the responses to pain producing factors intensifies.}, Keywords = {Pain, Endogenous Sexual Hormones, Estrus Cycle, Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {20-25}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1779-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1779-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {ArabHosseini, Abdollah}, title = {Neonatal Hepatoblastoma ( A Case Report)}, abstract ={Heapatoblastoma is the most common primary malignant liver disease. It occures primarily in children younger than 3 years old. It is very rare in neonatal period. Most children present with an enlarging, asymptomatic abdominal mass. Serum alpha fetoprotein is elevated in 66 percent of patients, significant thrombocytosis, mild anemia and moderate leukocytosis are also common. Abdominal X-Rays demonstrate hepatic enlargement with intratumor calcification in 30% of the cases. CT scan of abdomen and chest are essential for diagnosis because 10-20% of patients present with pulmonary metastasis. Angiography to delineate blood supply of tumor and MRI to visualize adjucent structures are helpful for surgical excision of tumor. . Excision of primary tumor by surgery and chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for this tumor before and after surgery .. The 3 years survival rate exceed 900A, in patients with completely resected tumors, at diagnosis. In this article we are reporting a 22 days old neonate with hepatoblastoma.}, Keywords = {Hepatoblastoma, Hepatic Neoplasm, Chemotherapy, Neonate}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-29}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1780-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1780-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Alavi, Seyed Mohammad Hashem and Tabaroki, Ebrahim and Dadgar, Seyed Razi and Memarzadeh, Mohammad Taghi and Vaziri, Zahr}, title = {Effect of Diet Versus Diet Plus Insulin Therapy Gastational Diabetes}, abstract ={Marked metabolic derangement have already been documented in normal pregnancy such as decrease of serum glucose and aminoacids, increase free fatty acids, triglyceride, ketons and insulin secretion, however in gestational diabetes the high gluc(Jse which is facilitated by placental transfer may cause hyperinsulinemia in fetus thus rendering them susceptible to macrosomia and subsequent perinatal difficulties. We prospectively followed 117 patients from first trimester period. These patients randomly divided into two groups: Group one (59 cases) was placed on specific diet and Second group (58 cases) received monitored diet plus insulin. Then we measured maternal weight gains, neonatal birth weights, meteme! fasting and postprandial blood sugar at specific intervals, Initial first trimester maternal weights, gained weights and birth weights were 67.03±3.60 kg and 15.76±3.58 kg and 4.26±0.29 kg for the first group and 65.82±5.25 and 12.68±4.78kg~nd 3.48±0.78 kg for the second group. In 60 normal pregnants these measurement was 56.79±5.41 kg and 12.43±3.20 kg and 3.35±0.36 kg Cesarean section indicated in 71.18 % and 26.2% and 21.66% in two management and control groups respectively (P<0.05). Addition of insulin seems to protect excess maternal and newborn weight gainand reduce the surgical procedure.}, Keywords = {Gastational Diabetes, Insulin Therapy, Hyperinsulinemia, Diet Therapy}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {30-35}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1781-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1781-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Madani, Seyed Abbas}, title = {Rehabilitation of the Knee Following Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament}, abstract ={Rehabilitation of the knee plays an important role following reconstruction of the anteruor cruciate ligament. Accelerated rehabilitation programme has changed the concept of immobilization after operation. Along with the new techniques of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and with the most rigid graft fixation systems, rehabilitation programmes continue to be modified with less constraints placed on the graft. In our protocol we advice a four stage programme: Early range of motion, and close kinetic chain exercises seem to be safe in the early stage of rehabilitation with this protocol. In addition proprioceptive training is very important for the protection of the graft. A decreased of post operative morbidity, early return to athletic & daily activities and maintenance of long term stability. are the benefits of above recommended protocol.}, Keywords = {Rehabilitation, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Reconstruction}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {36-44}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1782-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1782-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Nourouzi, Masoo}, title = {Proximal Femoral Osteotomy for Treatment of Femoral Head Osteoarthritis}, abstract ={During the past 20 years, poximal femoral osteotomy has been forgotten because most orthopedic surgeon believed that total hip arthroplasty is the only treatment method for hip joint osteoarthritis. The disadvatages of proximal femoral osteotomy include: Uncertain results, prolonged rehabilitation time after surgery, little improvement in joint ROM and according tosome.euthors difficult subsequent total hip arthropl88ly. However, longterm complications of total hip arthroplasty with cement in young adults and some senile patients should be taken into proximal femoral osteotomy again, because this procedure reduce pain in both groups of patients. The application of osteotomy is when the patient is well cooperative and the hip joint has acceptable range of motion. If under general anesthesia the passive range of motion of hip is less than 15' adduction and 3D-50' flexion, because the risk of joint ankylosis, osteotomy is not indicated. In this situation the total hip arthroplasty is the treatment of choice. Rarly osteotomy increase hip range of motion and thus osteotomy is contraindicated in patients with limited ranye of motion of hip joint. The main goals of osteotomy include: 1- Reduction of pain 2- Reduction of forces of joint 3- Preserve of horizontal weight bearing surface These goals is achived by a proximal femoral osteotomy, but if weight bearing suttece. takes aposition other than horizontal, another complementary pelvic or acetabular osteotomy is also required. In severe superolateral acetabular osteoarthritis, a valgus extension osteotomy is required to change the hip mechanics and repair of anterosuperolateral slope. In medial hip osteoarthritis a valgus osteotomy is indicated when femoral head is still spherical but varus osteotomy is not indicated in medial hip osteoarthritis because increases the horizontal vectors of forces and is}, Keywords = {Femoral Osteotomy, Femoral Head, Osteoarthritis}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {45-57}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1783-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1783-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Nasirinejad, Farinaz and Hoomayoonfar, Homayoo}, title = {Study on the effects of Vagus Nerve in Controlling of Testosterone Secretion}, abstract ={Present experiments was undertaken to study the possibility of vagus nerve function on the control of testosterone secretion. For this reason the effect of right or left side vagotomy on serum testosterone concentration was studied in rats with two testes in situ and in hemicastrates. 80 male rats with 250 - 270 gr weight allocated to 8 groups. In all groups except sham vagus nerve were cut bellow the diaphragm and castration were done immediately after ·vagotomy. Testosterone concentration decreased significantly in bHateralyvagotomized, rightvagtomized and right vagotomized rats with right testes in situ. Also compensatory testicular hypertrophy was observed in right vagotomized rats and in rats which vagotomy on right was accompanied by right castration. The results of these experiments support the hypothesis that the vagus nerve may playa modulatory role in the control of gonadal function.}, Keywords = {Vegotomy, Testosterone, Hemicastraton, Male Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {58-65}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1784-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1784-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} } @article{ author = {Vahabzadeh, Abdolvahab}, title = {Study on the Role of Insulin on Behavioural and Neuroendocrine Indices of Stress}, abstract ={The present investigation aimed to study the role of insulin on stress-induced behavioural responses. Male albino-Weitar rats (200-300 g) were implanted with microdialysis probes in the lateral ventricle under chloral hydrate (500 mg/kg i.p.) anaesthesia. 12 hours after implantation animals were placed in a bowl. The implanted animals were perfused at 2 pi/min with ringer solution. 5 min tail pinch is applied for control group. In the sham group ringer solution were perfused via micro dialysis probes while the tail pinch (5 min) stress is performed. In one experiment, for the test group insulin (5 IV/Kg s.c.) was used, In another set of expenment, for the test group insulin (5 IU/Kg) was added to the ringer solution. The tail pinch induced behavioural responses were observed in all experimental groups. For validation of tail pinch as a stressor blood level of cortisone in control and tail pinch groups were monitored. Tail pinch stress causes a variety of behavioural responses including gnawing, licking and aggression in rats. In the present study duration of these responses were observed at 5 min. Each group was compared with the control animals. Variation calculated in the percentge base. All statistical analysis were carried out using absolute data and either student paired t-test (within same group) or analysis of vei.snce (ANOVA) statistical test (within the differnt groups). Data from the present study suggest an excitatory role for insulin in those areas of the brain which may playa role in the stress induced behaviours.}, Keywords = {Brain Microdialysis, Insulin, Stress, Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {66-70}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1785-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1785-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {1999} }