Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa مقایسه اثربخشی‌ برنامه‌ غنی‌‌سازی زناشویی‌ گروهی‌ مبتنی‌ بر مدل گاتمن‌ و مدل هیجان‌مدار بر دشواری در تنظیم‌ هیجان‌ و سبک‌های دلبستگی زوجین Comparing the effectiveness of group marital enrichment program based on Guttman model and emotion-oriented model on the difficulty in regulating emotions and attachment styles of couples روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research زمینه و هدف: شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر مشکلات روانشناختی زوجین برای ارائه درمانی اثربخش جهت کاهش طلاق از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. هدف مطالعه حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی‌ برنامه‌ غنی‌‌سازی زناشویی‌ گروهی‌ مبتنی‌ بر مدل گاتمن‌ و مدل هیجان‌مدار بر دشواری در تنظیم‌ هیجان‌ و سبک‌های دلبستگی زوجین‌ استان‌ قم‌ بود. روش کار: برای انجام پژوهش نیمهآزمایشی حاضر که با طرح پیشآزمون- پسآزمون همراه با گروه کنترل انجام شد از بین زوجین مراجعهکننده به مراکز مشاوره و خدمات روانشناختی استان قم در سال 1402 به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس تعداد 60 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 20نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروههای آزمایش تحت 8 جلسه 90 دقیقهای برنامه غنیسازی زناشویی گروهی مبتنی بر مدل گاتمن و مدل هیجانمدار قرار گرفتند. ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه دشواری تنظیم هیجان (گراتز و روئمر، 2004) و مقیاس سبک دلبستگی بزرگسال (کولینز و رید، 1996) بود. یافتهها: نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد با کنترل اثر پیشآزمون بین میانگین پسآزمون دشواری در تنظیم هیجان و سبکهای دلبستگی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت (p<0/05). همچنین مشخص شد مدل هیجانمدار بر دشواری در تنظیم هیجان و سبک دلبستگی ایمن کارآمدی بیشتر و مدل گاتمن بر سبک دلبستگی اجتنابی کارآمدی بیشتر دارد. نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج درمانگران و متخصصان سلامت میتوانند از برنامه غنیسازی زناشویی گروهی مبتنی بر مدل گاتمن و مدل هیجانمدار برای بهبود دشواری در تنظیم هیجان و سبکهای دلبستگی زوجین استفاده نمایند.   Introduction Perhaps the most common goals of young couples are solidarity, freedom, love and affection, forming a family, satisfying sexual desire, preserving generations and having children (1). Difficulty in regulating emotions and managing tensions in couples' relationships is one of the issues that have been taken into consideration to improve the compatibility of couples and improve the family situation (3,4). Emotional regulation refers to automatic and controlled processes that include the initiation, maintenance, change, and maintenance of emotions and affect the occurrence, intensity, and duration of emotional states. This process is one of the key factors in people's mental health (5). Difficulty in emotion regulation can be defined due to challenges in awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions, lack of access to adaptation strategies in the face of different emotions, or inability to control behavior in extreme emotional conditions (6). The effective management of emotion regulation allows couples to face tensions, conflicts and marital problems with greater acceptance, and through a comprehensive and collaborative examination, in addition to reducing the severity of these problems, they can maintain the quality of their marital relations and increase its richness. (7). On the other hand, the axes that affect the strength of the family are the attachment styles (8) of the couple. On the other hand, attachment is a strong emotional connection that every person establishes with certain people in his life. Early attachment experiences with caregivers guide feelings, thoughts and behavior in subsequent relationships (9). A safe relationship is made with a person who feels attached to him. This safe relationship is mostly formed with the spouse, and the spouse is the primary form of attachment and the main source of security and peace of mind. People who feel safe have a clearer, more coherent and continuous attachment to their spouse and have a positive feeling towards themselves (12). But couples with avoidant attachment style avoid them when facing problems, which makes the relationship difficult and unsolvable. On the other hand, ambivalent attachment style in couples is related to behavioral and communication distress in the relationship between men and women. The results obtained from the research show that attachment has more explanatory power in couples' relationships than other variables, and it affects the quality of couple's relationship both directly and indirectly (13). Considering the above contents and the importance of the difficulty in regulating the emotions and attachment styles of couples in the stability of married life on the one hand, and considering that by reviewing the research done inside and outside the country, no research was found that compared two types of intervention on the research variables. has paid And since researchers are always looking for the best way to improve marital relationships, so the researcher is looking to answer the question whether there is a difference between the effectiveness of the group marital enrichment program based on the Guttman model and the emotion-oriented model on the difficulty in regulating emotions and attachment styles of couples. Is there a difference in Qom province? Method In order to conduct the present semi-experimental research, which was carried out with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group, and with the code of ethics IR.IAU.QOM.REC.1402.143 from the Islamic Azad University of Qom, among the couples who referred to the counseling centers and the psychological services of Qom city in 1402 by available sampling method, 60 people were selected as a sample and randomly in two experimental groups (Guttman model and excitement-oriented) and group Control (20 people in each group) were divided. In the following and before the intervention, all subjects completed the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS) and the Adult Attachment Style Scale (RAAS). Then the experimental groups were trained in 8 90-minute sessions of a group marital enrichment program based on the Guttman model and 8 90-minute sessions of the emotion-oriented model (based on the "Hold Me Tight" training package) (Table 1 and 2) and the control group did not receive any intervention At the end, the subjects completed the desired scales again. Finally, the data was analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS version 26 software. Results According to the results of Table 3 and the control of the pre-test effect, the significance level of Wilks's lambda test indicates that there is a significant difference in at least one of the variables of difficulty in regulating emotion and attachment styles in the two experimental and control groups, and it indicates It is that 0.95% of the difference observed in the variables of difficulty in emotion regulation and attachment styles is related to the effect of group marital enrichment program using Guttman's method and emotion-oriented model (P < 0.01). The results of Table 4 show that by removing the effect of the pre-test variable, the existence of a significant difference in the difficulty in emotion regulation and the secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles of couples in the experimental group compared to the control group is confirmed. <pre style="text-align:justify"> The results obtained in Table 5 show that group marital enrichment based on Guttman's model and emotion-oriented model has a significant effect on the difficulty in regulating emotions and attachment styles. Also, the results have shown that there is no significant difference between these two models on anxious attachment style. However, there is a significant difference between Guttman and emotion-oriented models on difficulty in emotion regulation, secure and avoidant attachment style, and the average scores in the emotion-oriented group in secure attachment style and difficulty in emotion regulation are higher and the average scores of Gutman group in attachment style Avoidance was higher.</pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> Discussion</pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> The results of the present study showed that the group marital enrichment program based on Guttman's model has a significant effect on the difficulty in emotional regulation. In explaining the obtained results, it can be said that the emotion-oriented marital enrichment program, by emphasizing and marking negative behaviors, thoughts and emotions step by step, identifies people's incompatible emotions and finally tries to change them with methods and techniques. Since this treatment pays a lot of attention to unresolved and unaccepted emotions, it was able to play a significant role in reducing incompatible emotions of couples. In this treatment, people learn how to identify the range of emotions of themselves and others and can adjust and manage it. In this approach, people are taught to identify their emotions and be able to label them, which is very helpful for identifying maladaptive emotions, providing assignments helps them learn to put aside their maladaptive emotions and replace them with more appropriate emotions. do (20).</pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> The results of the present study showed that the group marital enrichment program based on Guttman's model has a significant effect on attachment styles. In explaining these findings, it can be said that the marital enrichment program based on the Guttman model and emotion-oriented approach specifically focuses on improving the communication and emotional interactions of couples. By identifying positive and negative communication patterns in relationships, Guttman's model helps couples learn conflict resolution and effective communication skills, therefore, it has a noticeable effect on avoidant attachment style. This program teaches couples how to properly express their feelings and respond to each other's emotional needs. On the other hand, the emotion-oriented approach emphasizes the importance of feelings and emotional needs in relationships and helps couples identify and change their attachment patterns. These two approaches help couples to improve their attachment styles and create deeper emotional relationships by better understanding themselves and each other (27).</pre> برنامه غنی‌سازی زناشویی, دلبستگی, دشواری در تنظیم هیجان, مدل هیجان‌مدار, مدل گاتمن marital enrichment program, attachment, difficulty in emotion regulation, emotion-oriented model, Guttman model 1 11 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8378-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fahimeh Elyasi فهیمه الیاسی elyasi.fahim@gmail.com 3900319475328460090647 3900319475328460090647 No Counseling, Counseling Department, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. گروه مشاوره، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران. Hassan Mirzahosseini حسن میرزاحسینی Mirzahoseini.hasan@yahoo.com 3900319475328460090648 3900319475328460090648 Yes Department of Psychology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. گروه روانشناسی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران. Gholamreza Sharifirad غلامرضا شریفی راد Dr.sharifirad@gmail.com 3900319475328460090649 3900319475328460090649 No Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران.