Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa مقایسه ارزش‌ها و مطالبات اجتماعی با رویکرد تفاوت بین نسلی در ایران Comparison of Social Values and Demands with the Approach of Intergenerational Differences in Iran روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><a name="_Hlk171767645">زمینه و هدف: </a>تفاوت و فاصله نسلی در همه دوره‌ها وجود داشته است و خاص دوره حاضر نیست چرا که از ابتدا هر نسلی با ویژگی خاص زمانی خویش شکل گرفته و از آنجایی که زمان در گذر- است و متوقف نمی‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی با رویکرد تفاوت بین نسلی در ایران صورت گرفت. روش کار: پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ روشی آمیخته بود؛ به عبارت بهتر روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع ترکیبی اکتشافی بود؛ هدف اصلی طرح اکتشافی دو مرحله‌ای این است که نتایج حاصل از روش کیفی به ایجاد و شکل دهی روش کمی کمک کند. جامعه آماری این تحقیق کلیه شهروندان تهرانی متعلق به سه نسل انقلاب بودند. روش نمونه‌‌گیری، خوشه‌‌ای دو مرحله‌ای بود بدین صورت که ابتدا تهران را به 3 منطقه برخوردار، نیمه برخوردار و فرو برخوردار تقسیم‌‌بندی کرده، و سپس از منطقه‌ها، نسلهای مورد مطالعه انتخاب شدند. باتوجه به سیالبودن یا تغییرات جمعیتی در هر منطقه از فرمول کوکران برای جامعه نامعلوم در سطح خطای 5 درصد برای تعیین نمونه استفاده شد. براساس فرمول کوکران از هر منطقه 384 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند، که حجم نمونه را در هر منطقه به 400 نفر افزایش میدهیم و از هر نسل 133 نفر انتخاب میشود. در واقع مجموع پاسخگویان در 3 منطقه، 1200 نفر بودند که هر نسل حجم نمونه 400 نفر را به خود اختصاص میدهند. روش نمونهگیری تصادفی بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها  از آماره رگرسیون چندمتغیره با استفاده از  نرمافزار Spss.26 استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: میانگین ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی در نسل اول انقلاب برابر با 04/19 و در نسل دوم برابر با 39/15 و در نسل سوم هم برابر با 51/13 است بنابراین سطح ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی در نسل اول بیشتر از نسل دوم و نسل سوم است البته ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی نسل دوم نیز بیشتر از نسل سوم است بنابراین باید گفت نسل اول انقلاب بیشترین اعتقاد به ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی را دارند. نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی می‌توان گفت که بین نسلهای انقلاب از منظر ارزشها و مطالبات اجتماعی تفاوت معنیداری وجود دارد.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Background & Aims: Generational differences and gaps have existed in all eras, and it is not specific to the current era, because from the beginning, each generation has been formed with its special characteristic of time, and since time passes and does not stop. Sociologists have accepted this change or generational gap and consider it to be conventional and normal. Still, with the rapid changes in society and greater access to social networks, different generations are unable to understand each other, and when the intensity of this generational gap increases, its consequences also increase and the generational gap increases. It can lead to a generation gap and have negative consequences such as discursive confusion, lack of collective identity, and identity crisis. The current research was conducted to compare social values and demands with the approach of intergenerational differences in Iran. Methods: The current research was mixed in terms of methodology; In other words, the method of the current research was of a mixed exploratory type; the main goal of the two-stage exploratory design is that the results obtained from the qualitative method help to create and shape the quantitative method. The statistical population of this research was all Tehran citizens belonging to the three generations of the revolution. The sampling method was a two-stage cluster in such a way that Tehran was first divided into 3 rich, semi-rich, and under-rich regions, and then the studied generations were selected from the areas. According to the fluidity or population changes in each region, Cochran's formula was used for the unknown population at the 5% error level to determine the sample. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as samples from each region, which increases the sample size to 400 people in each region, and 133 people were selected from each generation. The total number of respondents in 3 regions was 1200 people, each generation having a sample size of 400 people. In the present study, the researcher entered the research field with a questionnaire tool and filled the questionnaire in person and some cases online. To prepare the questionnaire, 5 exploratory interviews were conducted with the first generation, 10 interviews with the second generation, and 4 interviews with the third generation of the Islamic Revolution to identify social values. The questionnaire related to media literacy was prepared from the philosophical questionnaire (2013). For data analysis, multivariate regression statistics were used using Spss.26 software. Results: The results showed that a significant level is desirable for the three generations of the revolution in social values and demands. Therefore, there is a difference between the three generations of the revolution in terms of social values and demands. Their averages are compared according to the table to find out this difference. According to Table 3, the average values and social demands in the first generation of the revolution are equal to 19.04, in the second generation it is equal to 15.39, and in the third generation it is equal to 13.51, so the level of social values and demands in the first generation It is more than the second generation and the third generation, of course, the values and social demands of the second generation are also more than the third generation, so it must be said that the first generation of the revolution has the most belief in social values and demands. Overall, the level of social values and demands of the third generation is lower than the theoretical average (13.51>15), which shows the weakness of the social values and demands of this group; Also, the social values and demands of the second generation (15.39<15) are average and slightly higher than the theoretical average, which shows that the second generation is at an average level in terms of belief and adherence to social values and demands. But it is the first generation that has the highest average and consequently believes in social values. The average values and social demands in the first generation of the revolution is equal to 19.04, in the second generation it is equal to 15.39 and in the third generation it is equal to 13.51, so the level of social values and demands in the first generation is higher than the It is the second and the third generation, of course, the social values and demands of the second generation are more than the third generation, so it must be said that the first generation of the revolution has the most belief in social values and demands. Conclusion: In general, it can be said that there is a significant difference between the generations of the revolution in terms of values and social demands. Findings related to social values and their transformation according to Coleman's point of view, are now new trends in family formation such as single-person households, cohabitation without marriage, etc. It has shaped the relationships of generations that do not have a solid structure. This issue has caused modern social values to grow among the young generation. In this regard, Coleman believes that in Western countries, due to the privatization of many issues, young people are trying to gain an image and a social base for themselves by appealing to modern social values. Simmel also believes in this connection; Modern social values in young people are the result of their membership in diverse groups and their personality development. According to Simmel's opinion, when membership in one or more social circles gives way to a social position in a network of various social circles, a person's personality changes. In this case, a person's personality becomes strongly branched by participating in various circles. For example, in previous societies, location or kinship was the determinant of religious affiliation, and a person could not coexist with people who did not share religious principles and beliefs with him. Because the religious community coincided with the local or kinship community. On the contrary, in the modern world, such belongings are separate from each other and more individual. Multiple dependence on social circles leads to more self-awareness. As soon as a person is freed from the small circle that captures his personality in the framework of its limits, he becomes aware of a kind of perception of liberation. The split of belonging to a group awakens a kind of feeling of uniqueness and freedom. The existence of social circles is a prerequisite for individualism, in this sense, not only do people become hostile to each other, but they also get the opportunity to move effortlessly in various social fields. </div> بین نسلی, مطالبات اجتماعی, ارزشهای اجتماعی, فاصله نسلی Intergenerational, Social Demands, Social Values, Generation Gap 496 503 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8223-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Abdolmahdi Fathi Mazloom عبدالمهدی فتحی مظلوم 3900319475328460082463 0009-0007-3341-1470 No Ph.D Student of Sociology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmasar, Iran دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران Hoshang Zahiri هوشنگ ظهیری Hoshzahiri@gmail.com 3900319475328460082464 3900319475328460082464 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران Mansour Sharifi منصور شریفی 3900319475328460082465 3900319475328460082465 No Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran دانشیار جمعیت شناسی، گروه جامعه شناسی واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران