Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa بررسی تأثیر فعالیت بدنی بر سلامت همه جانبه دانشجویان علوم پزشکی سراسر ایران: تدوین مدل Investigating the Effect of Physical Activity on the Comprehensive Health of Medical Students across Iran: Developing a Model فیزیولوژی ورزش Exercise Physiology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">زمینه و هدف: بیتحرکی به عنوان یک اپیدمی جهانی توصیف شده است که منجر به پیامدهای خطرناکی مانند شیوع بیماری های غیرواگیر مانند بیماریهای قلبی عروقی، دیابت، سرطان و سایر عوامل خطر مانند فشار خون بالا، افزایش قند خون و اضافه وزن و چاقی میشود. این مطالعه با هدف تدوین مدلی از تأثیر فعالیت بدنی بر سلامت کلی دانشجویان علوم پزشکی سراسر ایران در سال 1399 انجام گردید. روش کار: در این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی از روش گردآوری اطلاعات پیمایشی برای جمع آوری دادهها استفاده شد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش متشکل از کلیه دانشجویان مقاطع کارشناسی، کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی سراسر ایران (213143 دانشجو) بود. پرسشنامه به صورت آنلاین از طریق شبکههای اجتماعی بین هفت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی (شهرکرد، اصفهان، شیراز، تهران، کرمان، مشهد و کرمانشاه) توزیع و جمع آوری شد. برای ارزیابی فعالیت بدنی از پرسشنامه وضعیت سلامت سازمان جهانی بهداشت (2012) و پرسشنامه فعالیت بدنی بک (2006) استفاده گردید. روایی صوری، روایی سازه (روش تحلیل عاملی) و پایایی پرسشنامهها (آلفای کرونباخ) با نظر کارشناسان مدیریت ورزشی تأیید شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از روشهای آماری ضریب همبستگی و معادلات ساختاری با کمک نرم افزارهای آماری SPSS  نسخه 20 و Amos  نسخه 22 استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: از بین 384 دانشجوی انتخاب شده به عنوان نمونه آماری، اکثریت آنها بین 20 تا 30 سال و سطح تحصیلات آنها بیشتر لیسانس (77.7%) بود. از این تعداد 6/61 درصد زن، 4/38 درصد مرد، 3/74 درصد مجرد و 7/25 درصد متاهل بودهاند. نتایج نشان داد که بین فعالیت بدنی و سلامت کلی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج، میزان فعالیت بدنی دانشجویان پایین بود. در نتیجه مسئولان به این موضوع به عنوان یک عامل خطر نگریسته و راهکارهای مناسبی در این زمینه ارائه کردهاند. فعالیتها بر سلامت کلی تأثیر میگذارد و برای توسعه سلامت در جامعه باید تا حد امکان به فعالیتهای ورزشی توجه شود.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Background & Aims: Despite significant progress in improving health in the last century, community health promotion and disease prevention remain one of the most important goals of the countries of the world. Public health is one of the most important factors in the development of humanity and an aspect of the general concept of health that relies on the methods and measures used for the prevention of mental illnesses, treatment, and rehabilitation. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers health to include three biological, psychological, and social dimensions. One of the main strategies in the fight to improve community health is to focus on keeping community members active. For the successful and sustainable implementation of health development projects, communities must have the ability to take collective action or develop internal resources to support processes, and knowledge to identify problems and provide solutions. Sports has a potential role in community capacity building in relation to health development. Given what we know about the role of exercise in health development, there is evidence that exercise is a potentially important measure to promote personal health. Understanding the role of sports in human and social development has been an important challenge in sports management science for decades. Exercise has received increasing attention due to its ability to improve health. Also, physical activity is considered a way to fight obesity in children and adults. Sports is an important and valuable tactical tool in health development, so research and investment in sports can be justified. In addition, increased exercise training is associated with participation in the local community, increased social activity, reduced participation in risky behaviors, and improved mental health. Exercise is often considered a popular tool for social communication, intervention, and risk prevention, and has also been used to improve many physical, psychological, and social issues. There is evidence that exercise can benefit community health when used as part of a health education program or as a tool for health awareness activities. Students are one of the most important communities. Improving health in this group helps to empower society. University, as one of the influential institutions in development and progress, should be used as a lever to promote the health of students. Because the university has a vital role in institutionalizing health and physical activities. Higher education is a great opportunity to develop sports, physical activity, and its institutionalization among students. Higher education increases the amount and intensity of participation in sports and plays an important role in helping students grow, become interested in sports, and thus increase participation in sports.Physical inactivity has been described as a global epidemic that leads to dangerous consequences such as the spread of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and other risk factors such as high blood pressure, increased blood sugar and overweight and obesity.This study aimed to develop a model of the physical activity effect on the overall health of medical students across Iran during 2020. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, survey data collection method was used to collect data. The statistical population of this research included all undergraduate, master's and doctoral students of universities of medical sciences across Iran (213,143 students). Questionnaire was distributed and collected online through social networks among seven universities of medical sciences (Shahrekord, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tehran, Kerman, Mashhad and Kermanshah cities). The health status questionnaire of the World Health Organization (2012) and the Baecke physical activity questionnaire (2006) were used to assess physical activity. With the opinion of sports management experts, the face validity of the questionnaires, the construct validity (factor analysis method) and the reliability of the questionnaires (Cronbach's alpha) were confirmed. To analyze of data, statistical methods of correlation coefficient and structural equations were used with SPSS 20 and Amos 22 software. Results: Out of the 384 student in the statistical sample of the research, the majority of them were ranged from 20 to 30 years and their educational level was mostly bachelor's (77.7%). That 61.6% of them were women, 38.4% were men, 74.3% were single, and 25.7% were married. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between physical activity and overall health (r = 0.438, P-value = 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the amount of physical activity of student was low. As a result, the officials have looked at this issue as a risk and provide suitable solutions in this field. Activities affect overall health and for the development of health in the society, attention should be paid to sports activities as much as possible. </div> فعالیت بدنی, پرسشنامه, سلامت همه‌جانبه, دانشجویان, ایران Physical Activity, Questionnaire, Comprehensive Health, Students, Iran 1 11 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7712-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Abbas Osivand عباس اسیوند 3900319475328460080459 3900319475328460080459 No PhD Student, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mubarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مبارکه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران Majid Khorvash مجید خوروش Majid_mmf@yahoo.com 3900319475328460080460 3900319475328460080460 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران Ahmad Reza Askari احمد رضا عسکری 3900319475328460080461 3900319475328460080461 No Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mubarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مبارکه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران