Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa بررسی اثربخشی طرحواره درمانی بر سبک‌های مقابله‌ای و راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان در دانش‌آموزان Study of the Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Coping Styles and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Students روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research زمینه و هدف: سوگ نابهنجار در نوجوانان اثرات زیادی دارد که منجر به افزایش مشکلات روانشناختی آن‌ها در آینده خواهد شد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی طرحواره درمانی بر سبک‌های مقابله‌ای و راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان در دانش‌آموزان با اختلال سوگ ناشی از کرونا انجام شد. <div style="text-align: justify;">روش کار: در این پژوهش جامعه آماری دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه اول و دوم با اختلال سوگ ناشی از کرونا در شهر یزد در سال ۱۴۰۰ و 1401 بودند. نمونه نیز شامل ۳۰ نفر (۱۵ نفر گروه آزمایش با روش طرحواره درمانی، ۱۵ نفر گروه کنترل) بودند که به صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش حاضر نیز شامل پرسشنامه راهبردهای مقابله با استرس (اندلر و پارکر، ۱۹۹۹) و پرسشنامه تنظیم شناختی هیجان (گرانفسکی و کرایچ، ۲۰۰۱)  بود. مداخله طرحواره درمانی نیز بر اساس طرحواره درمانی یانگ طی 1۰ جلسه متوالی یک ساعته به صورت گروهی بر روی گروه آزمایش اجرا شد. بر روی گروه کنترل نیز هیچ گونه مداخله‌ای صورت نگرفت. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره استفاده شد. </div> یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان دادند، طرحواره درمانی بر راهبردهای مثبت و منفی تنظیم هیجانی و سبک مقابله هیجان مدار و اجتنابی در گروه نمونه اثربخش بوده است. نتیجه‌گیری: بنابر یافته حاضر لازم است این روش درمانی برای کاهش آسیب‌ها و نشانگان سوگ نابهنجار با تمرکز بر راهبردهای تنظیم هیجانی و سبک مقابله افراد مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.   <div style="text-align: justify;">Background & Aims: The experience of mourning leads to many emotions in people. As a result, learning emotion regulation strategies affects the experience of bereavement in bereaved people and is a kind of moderator of the experience of bereavement. People use strategies called emotion regulation to change emotional triggers, situations of emotional experience, amount and intensity, duration, and way of experiencing emotion internally or externally. In the cognitive strategies of emotion regulation, the focus is on thoughts and cognition in anxiety management. Using emotion regulation strategies in any form and manner has an important role in all periods of life. Effective emotion regulation strategies are related to high self-confidence, positive emotions, how to deal with various types of stress, and more constructive social and personal interactions. People with the ability to regulate emotions can control their impulses, feeling sad and hopeless, anxiety, adapt to problems, and accept themselves and the conditions, which leads to reducing psychological damage. Therefore, strengthening and learning these strategies in people, especially teenagers, is effective and one of the necessary skills to manage the bereavement experience. Considering the importance of variables of coping styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the experience of normal bereavement and exit from the experience of abnormal bereavement, it is necessary and necessary to use appropriate therapeutic approaches to promote them. One of the therapeutic approaches that has received much attention in recent years is schema therapy. In cognitive psychology, schema is defined as an organized pattern of thinking and behavior and as a mental framework of pre-formed ideas. In the form of a schema, a person perceives the world and the world around him and organizes his new information. These strongly affect our thoughts and emotions, and if they are ineffective, they can cause emotional problems. In schema therapy, attempts are made to adjust these schemas using various experimental, behavioral, and cognitive techniques to reduce the invocation of incompatible emotions. Some researchers say that abnormal grief is a chronic problem and coexisting with other disorders, one should focus on schemas and consider targeting schemas as an effective factor in treatment. Schema therapy is designed as a cognitive-behavioral therapy targeting maladaptive schemas to treat long-lasting and chronic disorders. Therefore, it can be effective as an efficient method to help experience normal mourning and go through the natural period of mourning. The review of these studies shows that despite the importance of the role of dysfunctional schemas in abnormal grief and ineffective emotional regulation strategies, these two therapeutic methods have been used very little with the aim of intervention in abnormal grief, and these interventions have been very few about abnormal grief in adolescents. Is. In addition to this, there was no research on intervention in abnormal grief caused by Corona, and the researches were only limited to investigating the symptoms of grief caused by Corona, screening tools in this regard, and people's lived experiences in this regard. Therefore, applying schema therapy and checking its effectiveness can be a way to find the most effective treatment methods for teenagers with bereavement caused by Corona. Meanwhile, few studies have investigated this method of treatment for grief, especially grief caused by corona in teenagers. Based on this, the question of the current research is whether schema therapy is effective in coping styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies of students with abnormal grief caused by Corona. Methods: In this research, the statistical population was first and second high school students with grief disorder caused by Corona in Yazd city in 2021 and 2022. The sample included 30 people (15 people in the experimental group with the schema therapy method, and 15 people in the control group) who were selected purposefully. The tools of the current research included the stress coping strategies questionnaire (Andler and Parker, 1999) and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Granfsky and Kraich, 2001). Schema therapy intervention based on Yang's schema therapy was implemented in 10 consecutive one-hour sessions in the experimental group. No intervention was done in the control group. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that schema therapy was effective in positive and negative emotional regulation strategies and emotion-oriented and avoidant coping styles in the sample group. Conclusion: According to the present finding, it is necessary to use this treatment method to reduce the injuries and symptoms of abnormal grief by focusing on emotional regulation strategies and coping styles of people. One of the limitations of the present study is that only the effectiveness of schema therapy in teenagers with abnormal grief caused by Corona has been investigated, and its generalization to other societies should be done with caution. Also, there is no exact assurance of the absence of coexistence with other disorders, which also affects the generalizability. Research with a follow-up period can provide more complete findings related to the effectiveness of schema therapy. </div> طرحواره درمانی, راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان, سبک‌های مقابله‌ای, کرونا Schema Therapy, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Coping Styles, Corona 118 128 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7404-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Yavari فاطمه یاوری 3900319475328460077479 3900319475328460077479 No PhD Student of Educational Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی تربیتی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Fariborz Dortaj فریبرز درتاج dortaj@atu.ac.ir 3900319475328460077480 3900319475328460077480 Yes Professor of Educational Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran استاد گروه روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران Fatemeh ghaemi فاطمه قائمی 3900319475328460077481 3900319475328460077481 No Associate Professor of Center of Transplantation and Diseases of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. دانشیار مرکز پیوند و بیماری های وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی، تهران، ایران. Ali Delavar علی دلاور 3900319475328460077482 3900319475328460077482 No Academic Professor of psychometric Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. استاد ممتاز گروه سنجش و اندازه گیری، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.