Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa تدوین بسته تلفیقی اختلال کودک‌خواهی و اثربخشی آن بر ابعاد رویکردهای جنسی Compilation of a Consolidated Package of Child-Loving Disorder and Its Effectiveness on the Dimensions of Sexual Schemas روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">زمینه و هدف: اختلالات جنسی، از مباحث مهم در علم روانشناسی است لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر تدوین بسته درمانی اختلال کودکخواهی و بررسی اثربخشی آن بر ابعاد طرحوارههای جنسی مردان افغانستان بود. روش کار: روش پژوهش حاضر، به صورت ترکیبی با دو روش کیفی و کمی بود. در بخش کیفی از روش قیاسی تحلیل مضمون آتراید استرلینگ استفاده شد. در بخش کمی، طرح پژوهش حاضر در زمره طرحهای نیمهآزمایشی پیش آزمون-پس آزمون- پیگیری با گروه کنترل و آزمایش قرار میگیرد. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش را کلیه مردان افغان مبتلا به اختلال کودکخواهی تشکیل دادند که به صورت غیرتصادفی هدفمند تعداد 20 نفر از آنها به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در گروه آزمایشی (10 نفر) و گروه کنترل (10 نفر) قرار گرفتند. ابزار اندازهگیری در این پژوهش مقیاس طرحواره جنسی مردان اندرسون و همکاران  (1999) بود. پس از تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط هر دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش، شرکتکنندگان در گروه آزمایش، محتوای بسته آموزشی تدوین شده را در طی 20 جلسه به صورت فردی دریافت کردند. پس از پایان جلسات، پسآزمون و پس از گذشت سه ماه بهمنظور پیگیری، پرسشنامه پژوهش توسط هر دو گروه تکمیل گردید. یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل اندازههای مکرر نشان داد که درمان تلفیقی اختلال کودکخواهی با سطح معناداری 05/0P<، بر طرحوارههای جنسی و هر سه بعد طرحوارهها تاثیرگذار بود. نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که در مراکز قانونی افغانستان برای مجرمان مبتلا به این اختلال، دورههای درمانی اختلال کودکخواهی توسط متخصصین برگزار گردد.  </div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Background & Aims: Sexual disorders are important topics in psychology. The importance of these disorders is that when a person gets this disease, he finds problems that unintentionally involve other people in their problems. A person with sexual disorders has abnormal behaviors, sexual fantasies, or unhealthy desires. Today, child-loving disorder is a very common disorder, and a person suffering from this disorder tends to have a relationship with children of the same sex or with children of the same sex, and thus achieves the pleasure and excitement of sexual intercourse. Sex with children is usually accompanied by abuse, and this abuse includes physical and sexual abuse, child neglect, and emotional abuse. Afghanistan is one of the countries wherein its social fabric, the disorder of child love or child play is more common and less abnormal. Some of the factors that caused this disorder in Afghan men can be listed as follows: Emotional compatibility or congruity that is caused by the unsatisfied needs of childhood and causes the sufferers of this disorder to search for people who have this disorder. Understand the need, or at least he feels that this need is understood by people of a certain age group. Despite factors such as inappropriate and weak interactions with parents during childhood, sexual abuse during childhood, feelings of inferiority and low self-esteem resulting from childhood, one of the important causes of pedophile disorder can be found in childhood. And one of the models that can help to understand the relationship between life experiences, especially childhood experiences, and subsequent psychological injuries is the examination of early maladaptive schemas, especially sexual schemas. Primary maladaptive schemas are emotional and cognitive patterns of self-harm that are formed in the mind at the beginning of growth and development and are repeated in life and affect the interpretation of experiences and relationships with others. These incompatible schemas affect people's thinking, feeling, and behavior and may form the core of personality disorders and interpersonal problems. Sexual schema is defined as a person's cognitive generalizations of sexual aspects resulting from past experiences. These schemas are a historical representation of a person's sexual life and are defined as the basic and core beliefs of a person's sexual dimensions, which are derived from past experiences and appear in present experiences and in the processing of sexual information of individuals. They affect A variety of treatment methods based on acceptance and commitment, mindfulness, schema therapy, and cognitive and behavioral therapy that deals with changing childhood beliefs, accepting thoughts and feelings, high mental awareness, and rebuilding deviant thought patterns can be used to treat this The problem is used in combination. Cognitive interventions such as schema therapy, in addition to focusing on the roots of mental problems in childhood, help the person with this disorder to identify their false beliefs by using strategies and strengthen self-control by changing unfavorable beliefs and feelings. Child-wanting disorder has many consequences for affected people and child victims. Usually, people with childishness disorder cannot establish emotional and sexual relations with adults and have low self-esteem. In these people, there is always the fear of being attracted to children, and as a result, they will not be able to lead a normal life. People suffering from this disorder usually have unknown worries and anxieties in society and have problems in their social and family relationships, job, or education. Also, people with this disorder usually suffer from depression, other mental disorders, or addiction to a certain substance. The main issue that differentiates pedophiles from other sexual abnormalities and requires special attention is that in pedophiles, the disorder is not limited to a person, but causes irreparable physical and psychological damage to other people, especially children. But it is usually very difficult to diagnose and treat people with the child-loving disorder in Afghanistan, and the treatment methods that have been used so far focus on helping the patient to stop acting on their thoughts or only on one of the hypothetical causes of this disorder. They focus and do not seek to solve the origin and the leading causes of this disorder and these treatments cannot cause a long-term change in the sexual function of a person, which is also one of the most important innovations of research and can be found in legal and psychological centers. Afghanistan uses the integrated treatment of child-loving disorder to identify primary maladaptive schemas, dysfunctional beliefs, and documenting styles, to reduce intense control of thoughts and emotions, and to increase awareness and acceptance to help change maladaptive schemas and reduce the symptoms of men with the disorder. Childishness is used. Therefore, considering the importance of treating the child-loving condition in Afghanistan and paying attention to the use of several treatment methods and different pieces of training to create newer and comprehensive treatment methods for these people in order to create value towards themselves and others and improve mental health. The current study aims to answer this question: Is the integrated educational package of child-loving disorder effective on the dimensions of sexual schemas in Afghan men in the post-test and follow-up stages? Methods: The current research method was a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part, Atride Stirling's comparative theme analysis method was used. In the quantitative part, the current research design is included in the semi-experimental designs of pre-test-post-test-follow-up with control and experimental groups. The statistical population in this research was made up of all Afghan men suffering from the child-desiring disorder, 20 of them were selected non-randomly as a sample and randomly divided into the experimental group (10 people) and the control group (10 people) were placed. The measurement tool in this research was the male sexual schema scale of Anderson et al. (1999). After completing the questionnaire by both the control and experimental groups, the participants in the experimental group received the content of the compiled training package individually during 20 sessions. After the end of the sessions, the post-exam and after three months of follow-up, the research questionnaire was completed by both groups. Results: The results of repeated measures analysis showed that the integrated treatment of pedantic disorder had an effect on sexual schemas and all three dimensions of schemas with a significance level of P<0.05. Conclusion: In the present study, men with child-loving disorders first identified their inconsistent and ineffective schemas with the help of a therapist and then tried to provide confirming or refuting evidence for each one. Finally, by using cognitive, behavioral, and experimental techniques, they challenged their initial maladaptive schemas that were created in childhood and adolescence and were very resistant and able to change their sexual schemas and reduce the symptoms of the child's disorder. They want to be in themselves. Therefore, schema therapy, along with mindfulness and therapy based on acceptance and commitment, can have positive effects on a person's beliefs and attitudes about sexual performance and, as a result, his sexual schemas. The most important limitation of the present study was the difficulty of accessing the society and the sample group, and the researcher only had access to men with the pedophilic disorder who were criminals in legal centers under the supervision of the Ministry of Interior of Afghanistan. Therefore, it is suggested to use random sampling in future research. In addition, it is suggested that in legal centers for criminals suffering from this disorder, treatment courses for pedantic disease by experts will be held.  </div> اختلال کودک‌خواهی, ذهن‌آگاهی, طرحواره‌های جنسی, طرحواره‌درمانی, درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد Pedantic Disorder, Mindfulness, Sexual Schemas, Schema Therapy, Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment 1 12 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7199-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Batool Heydari بتول حیدری 3900319475328460089580 3900319475328460089580 No PhD Student in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Facuity of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Mohammad bagher Kajbaf محمدباقر کجباف M.kajbaf2006@gmail.com 3900319475328460089581 3900319475328460089581 Yes Professor, Department of Psychology, Facuity of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Amir Ghamarani امیر قمرانی 3900319475328460089582 3900319475328460089582 No Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Facuity of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران