Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa استرس و مدیریت استرس در پزشکی قانونی Stress and Stress Management in Legal Medicine روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research زمینه و هدف: مدیریت استرس به منظور حفظ سلامت روحی و جسمی، کیفیت زندگی و بهره‌وری افراد در زندگی روزمره‌شان اهمیت دارد، لذا هدف از این پژوهش تعیین عوامل اصلی استرس و راه‌های مقابله با آن است که کارکنان پزشکی قانونی با آن روبرو هستند. روش کار: در این مطالعه داده‌ها توسط پرسشنامه‌های رو در رو از 217 کارمند شاغل در بخش های مختلف پزشکی قانونی استان تهران به دست آمده است. این داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS 16.0 مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: در پایان این مطالعه، 83 درصد از مشارکت‌کنندگان اعلام کردند که آن‌ها عوامل استرس مختلفی دارند. در این نمونه مطالعه شده، کم‌اهمیت جلوه دادن کار توسط دیگران، توزیع نابرابر وظایف، شایعات بی‌اساس محل کار مشترک، روابط با مدیران، بی‌عدالتی در ارزیابی عملکرد و همچنین نارضایتی مراجعین و ترس از شکایت به عنوان عوامل استرس‌زای اصلی بیان شده است. در میان کارمندان پزشکی قانونی که در این پژوهش شرکت کردند، مشخص شده است که تفاوت‌های قابل‌توجهی در عوامل استرس با توجه به حرفه آن‌ها وجود دارد. مشکلات اقتصادی 19% برای پزشکان ، 29% برای کارشناسان فنی و49 % برای کارکنان غیرفنی است. نادیده گرفته شدن کار توسط دیگران 44%، برای کارکنان غیر فنی، 27% برای کارشناسان فنی و 13% برای سایر کارکنان است. نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج پژوهش، مدیران پزشکی قانونی می‌توانند بـا برقـراری ارتبـاط صحیح و درک مناسب از شرایط کاری در بخش‌های مختلف پزشکی قانونی، به عنوان یک منبع آموزشی- حمایتی عمـل کـرده و میـزان آسیب‌پذیری پزشکان، کارشناسان و کارکنان پزشکی قانونی را کاهش دهند. از این رو بایستی عواملی که باعث افزایش رضایت شغلی و کاهش استرس شغلی به خصوص در کارکنان شاغل در بخش تشریح پزشکی قانونی از سوی مسئولین ذیربط مورد توجه قرار داد تا در نهایت به ارتقاء خدمات به مراجعین منجر شود.   Background & Aims: Stress is derived from the Latin word stringer, which means to hug, squeeze, and squeeze.In today's medical science, there are different equations and perceptions of it: "urgency" and "compulsion" to stimuli, excitement to the psychological reactions that occur, urgency and compulsion to physiological changes resulting from these perceptions. In general, stress refers to the force that causes some significant changes in a system when applied to it. The term refers to physical, psychological, social forces and pressures.In this case, stress in this sense is a cause and is the prelude to some disabilities. On the other hand, stress is a state of psychological stress that is caused by the types of forces or pressures mentioned above, and therefore stress in the second sense of a disability. Pressure and stress may be perceived differently by people. People's physical and emotional status, lifestyle, financial status determines the level of being affected by these changes. In today's society, stress-related diseases increase day by day, so the people and institutions are confronted with an important problem to be faced. Since they provide service to intensively stressed individuals and also the staff encounters with stressful situations very often, the field of legal medicine considered as a work environment a lot more stressful than the other work environments. While providing the service, legal medicine workers, they see a lot of patients and patient relatives with many different levels of health problems. These situations threatening an individual's health and causing stress due to uncertainty and obscurity affect the legal medicine workers as well as the clients. According to the definition of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), job stress occurs when there is no coordination between job needs and abilities, capabilities and desires.  The level of this stress varies in different professions and occupations, and professions and occupations that deal with human services create a lot of stress. Stress is also directly related to job satisfaction and performance and is one of the components of health, safety and comfort. Since it is completely impossible to eliminate stress, it seems necessary for different people to learn how to deal with and manage it . Various factors affect the physical and mental condition of medical staff. Some of these factors are related to the work environment and some are related to outside the work environment such as their quality of life, problems and social issues.Among the factors related to the work environment, we can mention the presence in different departments of forensic medicine with different working conditions. Identifying areas that bring more stress or less job satisfaction to staff will lead to better planning and more attention to these areas.Different departments of forensic medicine have their own working conditions and characteristics, including the number of clients, the condition of the injured, the type of disease, the number of staff, the status of colleagues and encountering bodies, and so on. Accordingly, different variables such as stress and job satisfaction can be present in them to different degrees.Therefore, it seems that research is needed to determine the strategy for legal medicine workers to deal with stress based on working conditions.This study was conducted to determine the stress level of legal medicine workers in the workplace, the factors affecting it and their coping strategies. Methods: In this descriptive study, it is aimed to identify the stress factors and the strategies in coping with stress of the tehran legal medicine workers. The statistical population of the study included all workers in four departments of legal medicine, including clinical examinations Necropsy, commission and laboratory, which was selected based on Cochran's table, 217 of which completed 210 questionnaires. Besides the questions about the demographic features, 8 questions about the work life of the staff, 3 questions about the resources about the resource of stress, 10 questions about the change in their behavior under stress, 1 question about measuring the reactions to stress, totally 27 questions are included in the survey. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS program. Data were evaluated by using number percentage calculations and chi-square importance test. Results: It’s found out that among the legal medicine workers in the study, 53% of them are male, 32.8% of them are between 45-49 years old, and 41% of them have an undergraduate degree. 60% of respondents are active in the clinical examination department, 52% of them have an experience between 10-19 years. Among the legal medicine professionals in the study, 83% was determined to have a source of stress. Major causes of stress are; by 53% the work ignored by others, by 37% inequitable distribution of tasks, by 31% the widespread use of gossip in the workplace, by 30% relations with management, and by 28% injustice in performance evaluation. The legal medicine professionals expressed their methods of coping with stress as follows: 42% of them say “I endure in silence and burn myself out”, 36% say “I try to solve it on my own”, 36% say “I share it with my best friends or family and try to find a solution”, 27% say “I direct myself to another thing and try not to occupy my mind with the problem”, 26% say “I yell at people around me and take out my anger on them”. Conclusion: It has been determined that among the workers of Tehran legal medecine, 83% have a source of stress. The most common stress factors are; work ignored by others, inequitable distribution of tasks, the widespread use of gossip in the workplace, relations with management, injustice in performance evaluation, fear of patient dissatisfaction and complaints. These results are consistent with the findings of several studies. that examined job stress in different jobs and confirms that today everyone in any place and situation feels some degree of stress in their work environment and this It is a tangible and undeniable thing in modern organizations. Some differences are shown between the results of the study and the results obtained.The difference between the stressors is noticeable.The number of legal medecine clients, lack of workers and equipment and excessive workload are not determined as stressors.Instead, our research has shown that stressors are caused by an organization's management style.In addition, it is thought to be due to policies implemented over the years   Recently, great importance has been given to the client and the created salary puts a lot of pressure on the staff of different legal medicine departments.When assessing the stressors of legal medicine practitioners, we saw some statistical differences.For physicians, the highest stress factor can be classified as fear of client dissatisfaction, and neglect of work by others. Some differences have been identified between our results and those of other studies.The biggest reason is that recently the policy of honoring clients has caused a bit of stress to legal medicine workers due to the protection of the client.   کارکنان پزشکی قانونی, استرس شغلی, عوامل استرس‌زا, مدیریت استرس Legal Medicine Workers, Occupational Stress, Tress Factors, Stress Management 308 318 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7041-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hossein Shahnavazi حسین شهنوازی 3900319475328460070045 3900319475328460070045 No PhD Candidate, Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran دانش آموخته رشته مدیریت دولتی، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Aliakbar Farhangi علی اکبر فرهنگی aafrhang@ut.ac.ir 3900319475328460070046 3900319475328460070046 Yes Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran استاد، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Mehrdad Godarzvand Chegini مهرداد گودرزوند چگینی 3900319475328460070047 3900319475328460070047 No Professor, Department of Public Management, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran استاد، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران