Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa نقش تجربه بدرفتاری در دوران کودکی با پرخاشگری؛ اثر میانجی طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و مشکل در تنظیم هیجان در دانشجویان The Role of Childhood Abuse Experience with Aggression; the Mediating Effect of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Difficulty in Regulating Emotion in Students روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research زمینه و هدف: بدرفتاری دوران کودکی می‌تواند آسیب‌های فراوانی به فرد وارد کند و ضروری است تا اثرات آن بررسی شود. از این‌رو این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش بدرفتاری دوران کودکی در پیش‌بینی پرخاشگری دانشجویان از طریق طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و دشواری در تنظیم هیجان انجام شد. روش کار: روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز در سال 1399 بودند که 300 نفر به‌ صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای به کار گرفته ‌شده، پرسشنامه فرم کوتاه طرح‌واره یانگ (YSQ - SF)، پرسشنامه پرخاشگری اهواز (AAQ)، مقیاس دشواری در تنظیم هیجان (DERS) و پرسشنامه حوادث آسیب‌زای دوران کودکی (CTQ) بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل مسیر و روش پریچر و هیز و نیز نرم‌افزارهای SPSS-22 و AMOS-23 استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد بدرفتاری دوران کودکی، طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و دشواری در تنظیم هیجان می‌توانند به صورت مستقیم پرخاشگری را پیش‌بینی نمایند. همچنین بدرفتاری دوران کودکی می‌تواند طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و دشواری در تنظیم هیجان را به صورت مستقیم پیش‌بینی نمایند. نتایج اثرات غیرمستقیم نشان داد که بدرفتاری دوران کودکی به صورت غیرمستقیم و از طریق طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و دشواری تنظیم هیجان می‌تواند با اندازه 365/0 پرخاشگری را پیش‌بینی نماید (005/0>p). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌های این پژوهش، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت افرادی که در کودکی مورد بدرفتاری قرار گرفته باشند طرح‌واره‌هایی را در خود شکل می‌دهند و نمی‌توانند مهارت‌هایی را برای تنظیم و مدیریت هیجان‌ها شکل دهند. Background & Aims: Abuse has a wide range that is severe and weak in different societies. Various studies have shown that the history of any kind of abuse in childhood is associated with negative consequences of adulthood, and abuse in any form, depending on the type, severity, duration, and frequency can lead to many disorders and psychological damage. Child abuse means doing or neglecting any action on the part of the child that could result in significant physical or psychological harm or threaten the child's health. Unfortunately, child abuse is not primarily perpetrated by strangers, but rather by the child's family, and especially the parents. In 2011, approximately 681,000 children across the United States were victims of parental and other neglect, of which more than 15 percent were victims of physical abuse, less than 10 percent were victims of sexual abuse, and less than 10 percent were children of child abuse. They were suffering from psychological behavior. The consequences of child abuse, in general, can be examined in terms of physical and psychological manifestations. Physical manifestations of abuse include fractures, bruising, physical disability, and eventual death of the child. Its psychological manifestations are mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, substance abuse, and other mental disorders and disorders. These aggressive behaviors on the part of individuals can be the result of the pain and suffering they experience internally, and therefore with the occurrence of such behaviors, they may seek to have others experience the same inner pain and suffering. However, these aggressive behaviors may be overt or covert. Therefore, according to the literature, the experience of childhood abuse can lead to aggressive behaviors; but in the meantime, factors may cause severity or weakness, as well as improve aggressive behavior in these people. Given the concepts mentioned, it seems that early maladaptive schemas and emotion regulation skills can play a role in this regard. Therefore, to examine these relationships more closely, the present study sought to examine whether the experience of childhood abuse can lead to aggression in adulthood, and whether early maladaptive schemas and difficulty in regulating emotion can mediate this. Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and path analysis. The statistical population of this study was all students of the Islamic Azad University of Shiraz in 1399. Due to the lack of an accurate list of the population, a sample of 300 people was selected from the statistical population through random and online sampling. It is also noteworthy that the criteria for inclusion in the present study included studying at the Islamic Azad University of Shiraz, lack of severe psychiatric problems, and the use of neuroleptics and baths, as well as complete satisfaction in responding to research tools. The instruments used were the Young Schematic Short Form Questionnaire (YSQ-SF), the Ahwaz Aggression Questionnaire (AAQ), the Emotion Difficulty Scale (DERS), and the Childhood Traumatic Incident Questionnaire (CTQ). Pearson correlation test, path analysis, and Preacher and Hayes method as well as SPSS-22 and AMOS-23 software were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that childhood abuse, early maladaptive schemas, and difficulty in emotion regulation can directly predict aggression. Childhood abuse can also directly predict early maladaptive schemas and difficulty in regulating emotion. The results of indirect effects showed that childhood abuse indirectly through early maladaptive schemas and difficulty in emotion regulation can predict aggression with a magnitude of 0.365 (p <0.005). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the experience of childhood abuse can be a predictor of aggression in adulthood. In other words, people who have experienced more childhood abuse are expected to be more aggressive in adulthood. Examination of these results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between early maladaptive schemas and aggression and schemas of exclusion and disruption, disrupted constraints, self-management, and dysfunction, other areas of orientation and excessive distraction and inhibition can be Predict a significant form of aggression. Accordingly, it is expected that the level of aggression will increase as the schemas intensify. Examination of these results showed that there is a significant relationship between difficulty in emotion regulation and aggression and difficulty in emotion regulation can predict aggression. When people can manage and control their emotions, they can easily manage their aggressive emotions, but if they have difficulty or difficulty in managing and regulating their emotions, they will overcome this emotion and will show aggressive behaviors. So emotion regulation is a way to manage destructive emotions such as anger, and weakness in it causes an outburst of aggression. Anger and negative emotional arousal play a key role in many cases of aggression; therefore, increasing a person's ability to control their destructive emotions will most likely be effective in reducing hostile aggression. Anger management approaches aim to provide skills to the individual so that the individual can manage the underlying emotions that produce the aggressive behavior. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that people who have been abused as children form schemas and can not develop skills to regulate and manage emotions, and therefore by being in challenging and stressful situations from aggression to they use it as a strategy to deal with those situations. Due to the use of cross-sectional design in the present study, the use of longitudinal and long-term designs as well as experimental designs to investigate the effect of predictor variables on the criterion variable is recommended. Due to the limited sample size, future studies with a larger sample may study this study. Therefore, it is suggested that this study be performed on other populations and in other provinces to be more generalizable. It is suggested that studies investigate the role of childhood abuse mediated by maladaptive schemas and the difficulty of emotion regulation in the occurrence of marital violence and aggression. Due to the role of abuse in the occurrence of aggression, it is recommended to examine other factors and variables that can play a mediating role. بدرفتاری دوران کودکی, پرخاشگری, طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه, مشکل در تنظیم هیجان. Child Abuse, Aggression, Early maladaptive schemas, Difficulty in emotion regulation. 204 214 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6267-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mitra Farhang Esfahani میترا فرهنگ اصفهانی Mf4676993@gmail.com 3900319475328460062536 3900319475328460062536 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرعباس، ایران