Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
RJMS
Medical Sciences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir
39
journal39
2228-7043
2228-7051
en
jalali
1401
6
1
gregorian
2022
9
1
29
6
online
1
fulltext
fa
تاثیر دوازده هفته فعالیت بدنی همراه با مصرف مکمل جینکگوبیلوبا بر سطوح سرمی BDNF و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان غیرفعال شهر تهران
The Effect of Twelve Weeks of Physical Exercise with Ginkgo Biloba Supplementation on the Serum Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Inactive Elderly Lifestyle in Tehran
فیزیولوژی ورزش
Exercise Physiology
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:#0070c0">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">مشکلات و مسائل متعددی که بهطور فیزیولوژیک در سنین بالا رخ می­دهد، در کاهش کیفیت زندگی در طول دوره سالمندی تأثیر دارد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تأثیر 12 هفته فعالیت ورزشی به همراه جینکگوبیلوبا بر سطوح سرمی </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">BDNF</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> و کیفیت زندگی در سالمندان شهر تهران بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:#0070c0">روش کار:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> <a name="_Hlk114584862">مطالعه ی حاضر از نوع نیمه تجربی و آزمایشگاهی که با توجه به طول زمان، از نوع مقطعی و به لحاظ استفاده از نتایج، کاربردی میباشد بصورت پیش آزمون و پس آزمون</a>، با 40 سالمند (60-75 سال) که طبق فراخوان در سطح شهر تهران انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی به چهار گروه تمرین (</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">N=</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">، گروه مکمل </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">(10</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">N=</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">، گروه تمرین+ مکمل </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">(10</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">N=</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> و گروه کنترل (</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">10</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">N=</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> تقسیم شدند، انجام گردید. پروتکل گروه تمرین شامل هوازی، قدرتی، انعطاف پذیری و تعادل را (12 هفته و 5 جلسه در هر هفته و به مدت 20 دقیقه در هر جلسه) انجام دادند. گروه مکمل نیز 240 میلی­گرم کپسول (یک بار در روز و در صبح قبل از تمرین) را به مدت 12 هفته مصرف کردند. قبل و بعد از مداخله نمونه خونی برای سنجش </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">BDNF</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> سرم و از پرسشنامه </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">SF36</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> برای سنجش کیفیت زندگی در سالمندان استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از آزمون آماری </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">ANOVA</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> استفاده شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:#0070c0">یافتهها:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که بین سطوح </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">BDNF</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> سالمندان و نیز کیفیت زندگی (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">QoL</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">) در گروه‏های مورد مطالعه بعد از دوازده هفته تمرین هوازی به همراه مکمل­دهی جینکگوبیلوبا تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (05/0</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">P<</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">). همچنین نتایج بین گروهی نشان داد که بین تمام گروهها در سطوح سرمی </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">BDNF</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">تفاوت معنا داری وجود دارد (05/0</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">P<</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">). هم­چنین نتایج آزمون توکی برای مقایسه بین گروهی شاخص </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">QoL</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> نشان داد که بین تمام گروهها تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (05/0</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">P<</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">) اما بین دو گروه مکمل و گروه کنترل تفاوت معناداری دیده نشد (05/0</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">P></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:#0070c0">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> بطور کلی یافته­های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که انجام فعالیت ورزشی منظم به همراه مصرف مکمل جینکگوبیلوبا سبب بهبود عامل نروتروفیک مشتق از مغز و افزایش کیفیت زندگی سالمندان می­شود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0070c0">Background & Aims:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">Aging is a process that Based on slow and progressive changes with age, it covers the whole human being. Today, 31 countries in the world have more than 2 million elderly people over the age of 60, and the number of these countries is increasing day by day (1). The need to care for the elderly living at home will increase significantly in the coming years due to population growth and lack of physical activity (2). Most older people get older at home, and most have one or more chronic disorders (3). What is certain is that with age, the risk of acute and chronic diseases increases and people's functional abilities as well as their power of senses and perception decrease. These changes in the biological, psychological and social spheres threaten the quality of life of the elderly, to the extent that they prevent them from carrying out daily activities (4). One of the factors observed due to increasing aging is cognitive dysfunction, i.e. a decrease in BDNF levels and in line with this issue, a decrease in quality of life (5). Neurotrophin is a substance that enhances the survival and regeneration of nerve cells and strengthens, stimulates and grows neurons and is essential for memory.Neurotrophic factors support and grow a variety of brain neurons (6).BDNF is a protein encoded by a gene called BDN.This factor belongs to the family of neurotrophies that causes the expansion of the neural network.Brain-derived neurogenic factor is one of the most important members of this family and by binding to specific kinase tyrosine receptors, it triggers intracellular cascades and ultimately produces and differentiates new neurons (7,8).This factor acts as a mediator for synaptic effects, neural connections and plasticity in the brain.One study found that lowering BDNF levels in the elderly could reduce learning and functional impairment (9).On the other hand, increased BDNF and neurogenesis in the body can prevent nerve and muscle coordination in the elderly.Exactly the decrease in nerve and muscle coordination is one of the reasons that occurs with a decrease in BDNF levels in the elderly and will affect the quality of life of these people.In recent years, the possibility of using exogenous BDNF as a therapeutic approach against neurological diseases has been estimated (9).However, the role of exercise and nutrition in increasing BDNF and quality of life still has many challenges.Exercise and nutrition itself are an exogenous factor in increasing BDNF.Research has shown that exercise in young rats increases the number of new cells in the hippocampus and improves brain function.Physiological studies have also shown that physical activity increases the electrical activity of the hippocampus, which can be caused by altered neuronal activity and neurotransmitters (10). The effect of aerobic exercise in young rats shows that exercise increases spatial learning and neuronal density of the hippocampus in the dentate gyrus and other parts of the hippocampus without changing the rate of apoptosisand improves short-term memory. Researchers believe that exercise may strengthen the hippocampus in humans.In the meantime, resistance training has been able to have a significant impact on changes in the hippocampus (11). Doing resistance training can also make a positive difference in BDNF levels (12). On the other hand, nutrition can also help increase BDNF levels.ginkgo biloba has been shown to be used for brain-related issues, including memory enhancement or even the treatment of Alzheimer's patients (13).ginkgo biloba is well known for its antioxidant components and has the ability to scavenge free radicals and lipid peroxidation.ginkgo biloba contains more than 60 bioactive compounds, the most important of which are terpene lactones and flavonoids (14).Recent research has also highlighted the importance of the effect of ginkgo biloba supplementation on cognitive function.In this regard, it has been found that ginkgo supplementation has neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive function capacity, and it performs these actions by reducing oxidative stress and increasing BDNF concentration (15). Therefore, due to the importance of increasing old age and lack of physical activity and the existence of conflicting studies regarding the importance of supplementation and combination with exercise in the elderly, the present study decided to fill the scientific gap of the present study as the effect of twelve weeks of exercise. Check serum BDNF levels and quality of life of inactive elderly with ginkgo biloba supplementation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0070c0">Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">The statistical sample of the present study consisted of 40 elderly men and women (75-60 years), who were selected in a targeted and accessible manner.And were randomly divided into 4 groups of exercise (n=10), supplement (n=10), exercise + supplement (n=10) and placebo or control (n=10).Criteria for inclusion in the present study of the subjects according to the callBeing over 60 years old, having Iranian nationality, ability to speak Persian, not having a known mental illness (psychosis), having full consciousness while studying, ability to communicate, ability to answer study questions and living in Tehran.Exclusion criteria from the present study included refraining from answering the questionnaire during work and interviews, as well as refusing to perform the desired training program or supplement, as well as unwanted events.After selecting the participants during an introductory session, the steps, process and purpose of the research were fully explained to them and a informed consent form was obtained.This study was also registered in the Clinical Trial Center with the code IR.SSRC.REC.1398.116. The training sessions were supervised by trained personnel and will last for 20 minutes 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Each training session included 5 minutes of warm-up, 5 minutes of resistance training, 5 minutes of balance and walking training, and 5 minutes of cooling. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive 240 mg (once daily and in the morning) of EGb761 or placebo (cellulose). To do the chair exercise, get on your toes, get on your heels, lift your knees, open your knees, and do other movements while standing behind the chair to maintain more balance. To strengthen the ankle weight bearing exercise, to strengthen the legs, a fixed weight was placed on the ankle and strengthening exercises were performed.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0070c0">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between serum levels of neurotrophic factor derived from the brain of the elderly in the study groups after twelve weeks of aerobic exercise with ginkgo biloba supplementation (P = 0.05).The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of life of the elderly in the study groups after twelve weeks of exercise with ginkgo biloba supplementation (P = 0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0070c0">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black">The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of physical activity with ginkgo biloba on serum BDNF levels and quality of life in the elderly in Tehran.The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between BDNF levels in the elderly and quality of life (QoL) in the study groups after twelve weeks of aerobic exercise with ginkgo biloba supplementation (P <0.05). The intergroup results also showed that there was a significant difference in serum BDNF levels between all groups (P <0.05).Also, the results of Tukey test for comparison between QoL index showed that there was a significant difference between all groups (P <0.05) but there was no significant difference between the complementary and control groups (P> 0.05). In general, the results of the present study show thatExercising and taking ginkgo biloba supplements at the same time for 12 weeks will improve serum BDNF levels and quality of life in the elderly, thereby reducing aging mortality and improving the living conditions and independence of the elderly</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
تمرین هوازی, جینکگوبیلوبا, سالمندان, BDNF
Aerobic training, Ginkgo biloba, Elderlies, BDNF
122
133
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6302-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Shadi
Jalalian
شادی
جلالیان
shadi.jalalian@srbiau.ac.ir
3900319475328460068003
3900319475328460068003
Yes
PhD Student, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Farshad
Ghazalian
فرشاد
غزالیان
phdghazalian@gmail.com
3900319475328460068004
3900319475328460068004
No
Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
دانشیار، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران