Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
RJMS
Medical Sciences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir
39
journal39
2228-7043
2228-7051
en
jalali
1400
10
1
gregorian
2022
1
1
28
11
online
1
fulltext
fa
مدل ارتباطی خودپنداره و خودکارآمدی ورزشی بر سلامت روان کارکنان ومدیران تربیت بدنی دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی تهران
Communication model of self-concept and Exercise self-efficacy on mental health of physical education staff in Iranian universities of medical sciences of Tehran
روانشناسی بالینی
Clinical Psychiatry
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ورزش یکی از راههایی است که افراد میتوانند به کمک آن بر فشارهای جسمی، روحی، روانی و اجتماعی ناشی از زندگی در دنیای متلاطم و پرتنش امروزی فایق آیند. هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی مدل ارتباطی خودپنداره و خودکارآمدی تمرینی بر سلامت روان کارکنان و مدیران تربیتبدنی دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی تهران بود. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">روش کار:</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">–</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">همبستگی، کاربردی و حال نگراست. تعداد 365 نفر از کارکنان و مدیران تربیتبدنی دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی شهر تهران به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی خوشهای چندمرحلهای انتخاب شدند</span></span></span></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">برای گردآوری اطلاعات از روش میدانی و ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شد. </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ابزارهای اندازهگیری شامل پرسشنامه خود توصیفی بدنی مارش و همکاران، سلامت روان عمومی و مقیاس خودکارآمدی تمرینی بندورا (1997) بود. دادههای به دست آمده با استفاده مدل­سازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">یافته ­ها:</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتایج نشان داد که خودپنداره، به­صورت غیر­مستقیم و از طریق خودکارآمدی بر سلامت روانی تأثیر دارد، هم­چنین خودکارآمدی بهصورت مستقیم بر سلامت روانی تأثیر معناداری دارد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">نتیجه ­گیری:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> پیشنهاد میشود مدیران و مسئولان برنامهریزیهای لازم برای استفاده از ویژگیهای برخواسته از خودپنداره و خودکار آمدی تمرینی در جهت اعتلای هر چه بیشتر سلامت روان مدیران وکارکنان تمرینی استفاده نموده و در جهت ترویج فعالیتهای بدنی (ورزش) و افزایش خودپنداره مثبت و سلامت روان اهتمام ویژهای داشته باشند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Background & Aims:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Mental health is one of the factors that can be effective in the dynamism and development of a society and have a great impact. Physical education and exercise are considered as effective tools to respond to psychological needs that people can use it in their spare time to satisfy their needs and express their inner desires (2). People's participation in sports leads to improved physical condition, mental health and optimal entertainment (4, 5). Identifying the motivating factors for participating in sports is very important. One of the reasons for participating in sports activities goes back to the word self-concept. In fact, it is every person's feeling about himself that will play an important role in a person's mental health. This feeling is called self-concept (6). Self-concept means the perception or perception that everyone has of themselves. How people perceive themselves is largely shaped by their past experiences (successes and failures) and what others think about them. The reason for the importance of self-concept is that, firstly, everyone's perception of themselves affects their behavior and actions (7). In fact, people with clear, well-defined, harmonious, and almost stable self-concept have better mental health.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Also, Self-efficacy is one of the variables that point to the close relationship between exercise and personality traits (9). Self-efficacy refers to a person's perceived ability to adapt to a particular situation. Bandura defines self-efficacy as a person's belief in his or her ability to perform various tasks and their circumstances. Self-efficacy is one of the most important and effective concepts in Bandura cognitive-social theory affecting mental health and is one of the topics considered by psychologists that a person's behavior is influenced by the environment and internal characteristics. In this regard, training self-efficacy is also called the beliefs or judgments of the individual about his abilities to perform regular physical activity (10). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">In today's advanced societies, where material well-being has increased, psychological problems are one of the human intellectual concerns. To the extent that it has led relevant organizations and institutions to conduct extensive studies in this regard (12,13). In a study of adolescent girls, Dishman et al. Examined the mediating role of physical self-concept and self-esteem in the relationship between participation in exercise and physical activity with depressive symptoms (14). Lindell et al. (2020) expressed the positive relationship between self-concept of registration and physical activity even during the coronation period, which was positive (6). Onetti (2019) also examined the relationship between self-concept and sport among first- and second-year high school students, which has even had a positive relationship between themselves and their subscales (17). Also, Bustos et al. (2019) conducted their research among athletes and their sense of satisfaction and positive self-concept increased with increasing body mass (11). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Attention to psychological characteristics, especially self-concept and mental health is one of the important and practical issues (20), especially among human resources and its staff, employees who have a guiding role in the core of the student community. Physical activity and training self-efficacy provide a feeling of satisfaction, happiness, vitality and physical and mental health (21) and employees in this regard need a spirit rich in positive energy and vitality and health. However, the communication model of self-concept and sports self-efficacy on health the mentality of the staff and directors of physical education in medical universities is unknown Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the communication model of self-concept and Exercise self-efficacy on mental health of physical education staff in Iranian universities of medical sciences of Tehran.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The research method is descriptive-correlational, applied and present. 365 employees and managers of physical education of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. For data collection, field study and questionnaire were used. Measurement tools included Marsh et al.'s Physical Self-Descriptive Questionnaire, General Mental Health, and Bandura (1997) Sports Self-Efficacy Scale. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"> <b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results showed that self-concept has an indirect effect on mental health through self-efficacy and self-efficacy has a direct effect on mental health. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Conclusion: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results showed that self-concept has an indirect effect on mental health through self-efficacy and self-efficacy has a direct effect on mental health. The findings of this study were consistent with the results of Previous research (6, 11, 17). At present, the staff of medical sciences and physical education directors of physical education universities, in addition to being exposed to the stressors of the social, economic, cultural, and family environment, like all individuals, as a member of the large organization of the University of Medical Sciences, with stress. They face many jobs. Strengthening the feeling of love, security and self-esteem, a positive self-concept is effective in both their prosperity and the guidance of students. If people have high mental health and quality of life, it means they have the ability to cope with their job needs, so it is important. Their role is essential. High-income self-employed people enter competitive situations with seriousness and confidence. A person's degree of athletic self-efficacy determines whether a person avoids or approaches great tasks. The higher the athletic self-efficacy, the lower the emotional arousal. Sports self-efficacy has affected mental health and various types of human performance in various fields and human beings with high self-efficacy are successful in life and various experiences with it (10). In many studies, increasing sports self-efficacy leads to reduced anxiety, stress, effects Negative, negative reactions and stresses that lead to positive states. People with higher athletic self-efficacy are not necessarily more successful but healthier because they tend to exercise and engage in regular activities and healthy behaviors (9, 27). They are able to control weight, nutritious diets as well as stress management and that physical self-concept can be indirectly considered as one of the factors affecting mental health by affecting sports self-efficacy. According to the results of the present study, the effect of self-concept on sports self-efficacy and sports self-efficacy on the mental health of all managers, physical education staff of medical universities and therefore according to research, one of the factors that can improve physical self-concept and self-efficacy is physical activity. The World Health Organization (WHO) has made the current stressful situation very special, as the increase in mental illness and the decline in mental health are significant (28) and staff and managers need special attention and even maintenance. Considering that the present study has been conducted among the samples of employees and managers of physical education of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, it cannot be generalized to all employees and managers of physical education of medical universities in the country. In this respect, it is associated with limitations. According to the above, it is suggested that the subject of this study be implemented in the staff and directors of physical education of medical universities in other cities and provinces. According to the results, it is suggested that managers and officials use the necessary planning to use the features arising from self-concept and sports self-efficacy in order to improve the mental health of sports managers and employees and to promote physical activities (sports) and select athletic staff. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
خودکارآمدی ورزشی-خودپنداره-سلامت روان-مدیران وکارکنان تربیت بدنی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی
Sports self-efficacy-Self-Concept-Mental Health-Managers and physical education staff of University of Medical Sciences
14
23
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6023-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Katayun
Kamkari
کتایون
کامکاری
kati_kamkari@yahoo.com
3900319475328460063154
3900319475328460063154
Yes
PhD, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران
Mohammad
Taghipour garbi
محمد
تقی پورغربی
mtg7761@yahoo.com
3900319475328460063155
3900319475328460063155
No
PhD, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران