Razi Journal of Medical Sciences

fa ارائه الگوی مدل ارتباطی سرمایه اجتماعی و رفتارهای پرخطر با هویت اجتماعی در دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه Presenting a Model of Social Capital Communication Model and High-Risk Behaviors of Social Identity in Students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences روانشناسی بالینی Clinical Psychiatry پژوهشي Research زمینه و هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر نقش هویت اخلاقی و سرمایه اجتماعی و مسئولیت پذیری بر رفتارهای پرخطردر دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه بود. روش کار : پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از نظر شیوه گردآوری دادهها توصیفی- همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر را کلیه دانشجویان مشغول به تحصیل در رشته پزشکی کرمانشاه (مجموعاَ  2000 نفر) در سال تحصیلی 1399-1398 می‌باشد با استفاده از جدول مورگان و به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس نمونه‌ای به حجم 322 نفر، انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه رفتارهای پر خطر ازمقیاس رفتارهای پر خطر (YRBSS)، پرسشنامه سرمایه اجتماعی ناهاپیت و گوشال (1998)، پرسشنامه مسئولیت پذیری کالیفرنیا (1987) و پرسشنامه هویت اخلاقی آکو بینو و رید (2002) استفاده شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از شاخصهای آمار توصیفی (فراوانی، میانگین، انحراف معیار، رسم نمودارها) و آمار استنباطی استفاده شد. به منظور تعیین پایایی ابزار تحقیق از آلفای کرونباخ ، برای بررسی نرمال بودن توزیع دادهها از شاخصهای کجی و کشیدگی و به منظور بررسی روابط بین متغیرها از تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد. جهت انجام این آزمونها از نرمافزارهای SPSS23 و Smart PLS استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد هویت اخلاقی، سرمایه اجتماعی بر رفتارهای پر خطر دانشجویان دانشگاه  علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه اثر معنی داری دارد. نتیج‌گیری: دانشگاه‌ها و مؤسسات آموزش عالی برای آموزش و آشنایی هرچه بیشتر دانشجویان با حوزه هویت اجتماعی و سرمایه اجتماعی و رفتارهای پرخطر با و مؤلفه‌های تشکیل دهنده آن، دوره‌ها یا کلاس‌های آموزشی خاصی را در قالب فعالیت‌های فوق برنامه طراحی و اجرا کنند.   Background & Aims: One of the important goals of development programs in any country is to reduce social harms, and achieving this goal requires recognizing the effective factors that cause it in society. Nowadays, researchers consider social capital as one of the underlying and effective factors in social health and reducing risk in society .Students in a society constitute a large segment of the active population of a country, which various factors such as internal stimuli and external stressors, can endanger their social and mental health and are exposed to various social harms. And put at risk . Many efforts have been made in countries around the world to identify environmental and individual factors that predispose to risk. Among these efforts, attention to the social dimension is possible. Social capital is the result of the "social capital" of health, which is the study of phenomena such as mutual trust, social interaction, social groups, a sense of collective identity, a sense of a shared vision of the future and teamwork with effective interpersonal and group interactions. It can provide risk prevention and many social harms such as violence, drug use, alcohol and high-risk sexual behaviors. Studies have shown that youth and adolescents' access to social capital can reduce social and behavioral problems, so by providing the basis for social interaction, social skills and teamwork can reduce the rate of social harm and risk. They provided opportunities for academic advancement and health promotion. The purpose of this study was to present a model of social capital communication model and high-risk behaviors of social identity in students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present study is descriptive-correlational in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection method. n terms of applied purpose, the present study is descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection method because no manipulation has been done on variables and factors and based on the research approach, it is small. The statistical population of the present study will be selected from all students studying medicine in Kermanshah (2000 people in total) in the academic year 1399-1398 using Morgan table and available sampling method of 322 people to compensate for the possibility of falling sample size. 350 people were considered who will eventually be removed after completing the questionnaires by the volunteers of the distorted questionnaire and the relevant data of 322 people were analyzed. To measure high-risk behaviors, the High-Risk Behaviors Scale (YRBSS) was used. The adaptation of the High Disease Behavior Questionnaire of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was designed and developed in 2010 (15). The reliability of the high-risk behaviors questionnaire by Brenner et al. (2002, quoted by Mohammadi, Refahi and Samani, 2013) was evaluated through a test-retest and the results of the items ranged from 14.5 to 91.1 kappa. (1998) has three structural, communication and cognitive dimensions that examine the seven subscales of networks, trust, cooperation, mutual understanding, relationships, values, and commitment, and are arranged in 28 items based on a five-scale scale. Likert (I strongly agree = 5, I agree = 4, I have no opinion = 3, I disagree = 2 and I strongly disagree = 1). The reliability coefficient of this questionnaire in Sardari, Silavio Silavi (2016) research was 0.89 (16) and the Ethical Identity Questionnaire is a self-report scale that was developed and validated by Ako Bino and Reid (2002) and has two subscales of internalization from questions 1 to 5. (The degree to which moral identity is centralized in the individual's self-concept) and symbolism from questions 6 to 10 (the degree to which each subject shows moral identity in their appearance) (17). The answer to this questionnaire is in the range of 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly agree) in each of the questions. The scoring of two items 4 and 7 is done in reverse. First, the person is asked to pay attention to the moral traits written at the top of the questionnaire, and then 10 questions about these traits are asked of the subjects to determine the extent to which these traits are important to the person. Cronbach reported these two dimensions as 0.77 and 0.76, respectively. Results: In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics indicators (frequency, mean, standard deviation, graphs) and inferential statistics were used. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the research instrument, Cronbach's alpha statistical methods and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the normality of data distribution, skewness and elongation indices, and path analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables. SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to perform these tests.The results of the present study showed that moral identity and social capital have a significant effect on high-risk behaviors of students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Conclusion: Laying the groundwork for improving and increasing the social capital of young people both at the family level and at the community level by increasing the sense of social trust, social solidarity, social awareness, providing the necessary social support and youth participation in social and cultural affairs. It seems that according to the theories and backgrounds and the results of the present study, the existence of a significant amount of social capital facilitates social actions and paves the way for achieving certain goals and Subsequently, it can act as a shield against social problems and harms, such as the occurrence of risky behaviors of young people.Universities and institutions of higher education should design and implement special training courses or classes in the form of extracurricular activities in order to educate and familiarize students with the field of social identity and social capital and high-risk behaviors with its constituent components.   رفتارهای پرخطر, سرمایه اجتماعی, هویت اخلاقی High Risk Behaviors, Social Capital, Moral Identity 98 108 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5731-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Zhila Bahrami ژیلا بهرامی 3900319475328460069131 3900319475328460069131 No PhD Student of Sport Management, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد سنندج، سنندج، ایران Farzad Zandi فرزاد زندی farzadzandi547@yahoo.com 3900319475328460069132 3900319475328460069132 Yes Associate Professor, Psycholy Department, Islamic Azad University, Qorveh Branch, Qorveh, Iran استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد قروه، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، قروه، ایران Maryam Akbari مریم اکبری 3900319475328460069133 3900319475328460069133 No Associate Professor, Psycholy Department, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، سنندج، ایران Hooshang Jadidi هوشنگ جدیدی 3900319475328460069134 3900319475328460069134 No Associate Professor, Psycholy Department, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، سنندج، ایران