Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
RJMS
Medical Sciences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir
39
journal39
2228-7043
2228-7051
en
jalali
1399
4
1
gregorian
2020
7
1
27
5
online
1
fulltext
fa
اثر انواع تمرین ورزشی بر پروفایل لیپیدی سرمی در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف
Effect of various type of exercise on serum lipid profile in elderly with mild cognitive impairment
فیزیولوژی ورزش
Exercise Physiology
پژوهشي
Research
<strong><span style="color:#0070c0;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اختلال شناختی یک بیماری پیشرونده شایع در سالمندان است. بهبود اختلال شناختی با میزان فعالیت فیزیکی ارتباط دارد. اثرات انواع تمرین ورزشی بر پروفایل لیپید سرمی و ارتباط آن با عملکرد شناختی در سالمندان ناشناخته است</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بنابراین هدف اصلی از این مطالعه، مقایسه اثر انواع تمرین ورزشی بر پروفایل لیپیدی سرمی و ارتباط آن با عملکرد شناختی در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف بود.</span></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="color:#0070c0;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش کار:</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> سی بیمار سالمند (70-50 سال) مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه هوازی (10</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">n=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، مقاومتی (10</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">n=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) و ترکیبی (10</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">n=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) تقسیم شدند. دوازده هفته برنامهی تمرین مقاومتی، هوازی و ترکیبی (هوازی و مقاومتی) شامل جلسات 90 دقیقهای، سه جلسه در هفته با شدت متوسط بود. ارزیابیها در سطح پایه و انتهای هفتهی دوازدهم انجام شد. پروفایل لیپیدی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">LDL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">HDL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">TG</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">TC</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) و عملکرد شناختی (توسط آزمون کوتاه وضعیت ذهنی) ارزیابی شد. تفاوت تمامی متغیرها، ارتباط آنها و تغییرات بین پیش آزمون و پس آزمون ارزیابی شد. </span></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="color:#0070c0;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها:</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> لیپوپروتئین با چگالی پایین (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">LDL-C</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) در گروه مقاومتی کاهش معنی داری نشان داد درحالی که سایر پروفایلهای لیپیدی بین گروه ها تفاوت معناداری نداشت. عملکرد شناختی در تمام گروهها بعد از 12 هفته افزایش معنی داری داشت (05/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p≤</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">). ارتباط معناداری بین پروفایلهای لیپیدی و عملکرد شناختی یافت نشد. </span></span></span><br>
<strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:#0070c0;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></span></span></strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> به نظر میرسد تمرین مقاومتی میتواند پروفایل لیپیدی سرمی در سالمندان بهبود دهد در حالی که انواع تمرین این قابلیت را دارد که منجر به بهبود عملکرد شناختی در سالمندان با اختلال شناختی خفیف میشود</span></span></span></span>
<strong>Background:</strong> Cognitive impairment is a common progressive disease in the elderly and is one of the worldwide leading causes of their disability. What makes it worse that there are currently no treatments to reverse cognitive impairment. Therefore, early intervention would be the best issue to prevent cognitive impairment. Moreover, early detection of asymptomatic cognitive impairment can prevent Alzheimer's disease. Improvement in cognitive impairment could be related to the amount of physical activity. Recently, the effects of serum lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, have been studied on cognitive impairment in the elderly. The results of these researches on how lipid profile levels can affect cognitive function have been controversial. On the other hand, the effects of various types of exercise, including the intensity and duration of these exercises on serum lipid profile and also its relationship with cognitive function in the elderly are unknown. Furthermore, most studies are focused on aerobic exercise and hence investigation on the effect of various types of exercise, including resistance and combination exercises on serum lipid profiles and cognitive status, and the relationship between them in the elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment have been neglected so far. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different types of exercise, and not only aerobic exercise, on serum lipid profile in one hand, and also its relationship with cognitive function in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment on the other hand.<br>
<strong>Methods:</strong> The present study is a pilot study with a small population to be effective in future investigations with more subjects and longer duration. For this study, thirty elderly (men and women) patients in the age range of 50 to 70 years old which diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment were selected from the 1223 patients who referred to the Cardiovascular clinic of Imam Reza subspecialty Clinic which is under supervision of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, as the study population. In selecting this population, in addition to mild cognitive impairment, three other parameters also were considered for the research samples. First, they should not have been regularly exercising for past six months before the start of the study. Second, they should not have any respiratory or cardiac disease; Finally, in a case that they have had surgery, at least 6 months must be passed since it. The samples were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic exercise group (n = 10), resistance exercise group (n = 10) and combined (aerobic and resistance) exercise group (n = 10). Twelve weeks of the resistance, aerobic and combined exercise programs consisted of 90-minute sessions in length, three days per week with moderate intensity for each mentioned group. In the present study, exercise programs were designed according to the physical condition of the subjects and based on the recommended physical activity instructions for the elderly. Evaluations including Lipid profiles levels and the cognitive performance of the samples were made at baseline and at the end of the twelfth week. Lipid profiles including total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested in the laboratory of Shiraz Hafez Hospital which is under the auspices of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, using an auto-analyzer and Pars Azmoon kits (made in Iran). Also, the cognitive performance of the samples was assessed by a short mental status test, which includes a cognitive status questionnaire by Folstein et al. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to found the normality of distribution and also knowing that whether parametric tests could be used or not. The results reported as mean and standard deviation and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to determine the differences between variables. The paired t-tests were performed to detect differences between time points (pre and post). Also, in order to understand the relationship between the variables, the Pearson’s single correlation test was used and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ver.22 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. To do so, the differences of all variables between groups, their relationship, and changes between pre-test and post-test were evaluated.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that except for the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol marker, which was significantly reduced in the resistance group, in other serum lipid profiles, there was no significant difference observed between the groups results after three months of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise. However, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in the aerobic and combined groups and increased in the resistance group, which none of them were significant. Also, after three months of exercise, high-density lipoprotein decreased in the aerobic group and on the other hand increased in the combination and resistance groups. Therefore, in the resistance group, despite the increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to a low extent, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased significantly. Hence, resistance exercise is able to optimally reduce the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. On the other hand, cognitive function in all the three groups increased significantly after 12 weeks (p≤ 0.05). Finally, it should be mentioned that despite the simultaneous improvement of some of the serum lipid profiles and cognitive function, no significant relationship in the elderly was found between lipid profiles and cognitive function.<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results of this study, the resistance and the aerobic exercise are able to improve one or two serum lipid profiles in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment; But, the combined exercise improves all serum lipid profile markers, which (should be mentioned) was much less effective than other two types of exercise. Overall, it seems that the resistance exercise can improve the serum lipid profile in the elderly more effectively. On the other hand, the results indicate that the aerobic, resistance, and combination exercises are able to improve cognitive function in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. However, more comprehensive studies with larger sample sizes should be done in this regard.<br>
تمرین ترکیبی, هوازی, مقاومتی, اختلال شناختی خفیف, پروفایل لیپیدی
Combined Exercise, Aerobic Exercise, Resistance Exercise, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Lipid Profile
119
130
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4814-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Fatemeh
Khodaee
فاطمه
خدایی
Fatemeh.khodaee@srbiau.ac.ir
3900319475328460052841
3900319475328460052841
No
department of exercise physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Mandana
Gholami
ماندانا
غلامی
: M.gholami@srbiau.ac.ir
3900319475328460052842
3900319475328460052842
Yes
Department of Exercise Physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Hojjatollah
Nikbakht
حجت الله
نیک بخت
Hojnik1937@yahoo.com
3900319475328460052843
3900319475328460052843
No
department of exercise physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Mohammad Ali
Babaee-Beigi
محمد علی
بابایی بیگی
M.babaee.med@gmail.com
3900319475328460052844
3900319475328460052844
No
Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
گروه قلب و عروق، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی، شیراز، ایران
Khosrow
Ebrahim
خسرو
ابراهیم
K-ebrahim@sbu.ac.ir
3900319475328460052845
3900319475328460052845
No
Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران