fa تاثیر مورفین خوراکی بر بافت کبد جنین موش صحرائی نژاد ویستار در هفته دوم جنینی: یک مطالعه هیستوپاتولوژیک علوم تشریحی Anatomy پژوهشي Research <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0% mso-pagination: none" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">زمینه و هدف: </span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">بیشتر از 90% زنان از انواع داروها در دوران بارداری استفاده می‌کنند.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"" dir="ltr">­</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA">هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تغییرات بافتی کبد جنین موش صحرایی (رت) نژاد ویستار در اثر مصرف مورفین خوراکی توسط مادر باردار می باشد.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0% mso-pagination: none" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA">روش کار: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">­</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-language: EN-AU">رتها پس از بارداری به چهار گروه تقسیم شدند</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"> در گروه های تجربی از روز 8 بارداری تا روز 20 بارداری با دوزهای </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>1/0، </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>2/0 و </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>3/<font size="2"><font face="B Mitra"><span style="mso-ansi-font-weight: bold">0</span> مورفین سولفات ­ در </font></font></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>25 آب مصرفی روزانه رت ها ریخته شد. در روز 21 بارداری ­­ جنین ها طی عمل جراحی ­ خارج و با استفاده از استریومیکروسکوپ کبد جنین ها برداشته شد. نمونه های بافتی ­ با روش هماتوکسیلین- ائوزین (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">H&E</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) ­ ­رنگ آمیزی شده وبا توسط میکروسکوپ نوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. داده ها توسط نرم افزار </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">SPSS</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> ارزیابی شدند.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0% mso-pagination: none" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA">یافته ها: </span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA">بخش های کبدی از نظر پارامترهایی مانند هپاتوسیت های واکوئله، اتساع سینوزوئیدی و افزایش تعداد سلول های کوپفر، لنفوسیت ها و نوتروفیل ها بررسی شدند. هرچند تاثیر کمترین دوز مورفین (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>1/0) با گروه کنترل معنی دار بود (05/0</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-bidi-language: FA">≥</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)، اما دوز های میانی </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>2/0 و دوز بالا </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>3/0 اختلاف بسیار معنی داری را نسبت به گروه کنترل نشان دادند (001/0</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-bidi-language: FA">≥</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="ltr">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>). ­<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US" dir="rtl">نتیجه گیری: </span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US" dir="rtl">­ نتایج این مطالعه نشان می دهد که کمترین دوز مورفین (</span><span style="line-height: 115% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>1/0) در جنین تاثیرات کمتری دارد، ولی دوز های میانی </span><span style="line-height: 115% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>2/0 و دوز بالا </span><span style="line-height: 115% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">mg/ml</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>3/0 باعث ایجاد ناهنجاری و ­ آسیب های بافتی قابل توجهی در جنین می شود. این اثرات مضر تابع میزان دوز مصرفی، دوره و مدت زمان استفاده از دارو می باشد</span> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">Background</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">: More than 90% of women use drugs during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate oral morphine-induced histopathological changes in Wistar rat fetuses’ liver.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">Methods</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">: Animals were divided to 1 control and 3 drug level induced groups. 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml of morphine sulphate (99.98%) in drinking water (25 ml) were administered orally to pregnant rats from day 8 to 20. On gestation day 21, fetuses were removed surgically and after removing liver of fetuses, samples of tissue stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) method and studied under light microscope. The data evaluated by SPSS software, ANOVA and analysis varieties.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">Results</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">: In the experimental groups with dose 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml of morphine, liver sections appeared with vacuolated hepatocytes, dilated sinusoids, and increased number of kupffer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. The results in experimental groups with doses 0.2 and 0.3mg/ml of morphine were significant comparing with control group (p≤ 0.001).<o:p /></span></p><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"> <b><span style="line-height: 115% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">Conclusion</span></b><span style="line-height: 115% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">: The results indicate that the lowest dose of morphine (0.1mg/ml) induced very low toxicity in fetuses but the middle dose (0.2mg/ml) and the high dose of morphine (0.3mg/ml) induced adverse reactions. It is concluded that oral morphine sulphate induces significant histopathological changes in the liver tissue, and the severity of these changes increases with time, period and dosage</span></font></font> مورفین, داروهای ضددرد اوپیوئیدی (Opioids), کبد جنین, هیستوپاتولوژی Morphine, Opioids, Fetus liver, Histopathology 1 9 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1643&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Narges Mohammadi نرگس محمدی 3900319475328460028316 3900319475328460028316 No Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران Vahid Bayati وحید بیاتی 3900319475328460028317 3900319475328460028317 No Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اهواز، اهواز، ایران Reza Nejatbakhsh رضا نجات بخش 3900319475328460028318 3900319475328460028318 Yes Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Mohammad Hasan Heidari محمدحسن حیدری 3900319475328460028319 3900319475328460028319 No Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران Masoomeh Dadpay معصومه دادپی 3900319475328460028320 3900319475328460028320 No Army University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارتش، تهران، ایران Azadeh Tavassol آزاده توسل 3900319475328460028321 3900319475328460028321 No Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran ، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران