fa عفونت های حاد تنفسی در کودکان بیماری‌های اطفال Pediatric Disease پژوهشي Research <p style="DIRECTION: rtl">  از ابتدای سال 1368 تا پایان سال 1372 تعداد 191 کودک با تشخیص عفونت حاد تنفسی در بخش اطفال بیمارستان آیت ا... طالقانی بستری شدند. از این تعداد 184 نفر ( 3/96 درصد) به علت عفونت تنفسی تحتانی و 7 نفر (7/3 درصد) به علت عفونت تنفسی فوقانی از نوع سینوزیت  بستری گردیدند. سندرم های بالینی عفونت تنفسی تحتانی به ترتیب شیوع عبارت بودند از پنومونی  (5/78 درصد، کروپ ( 5/11 درصد) و برونشیولیت (3/6 درصد). در بیماران مبتلا به پنومونی </p><p style="DIRECTION: rtl">  برونشیولیت گروه سنی یک ماه تا یک سال شایع ترین سن ابتلا را تشکیل می دادند. (7/52   درصد). در بیماران مبتلا به پنومونی در گروه سنی 1 ماه تا یک سال 50 نفر پسر و 26 نفر دختر ). در مجموع در بیماران مبتلا به <strong><i>P </i></strong>بودند که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار است ( 005/0> بود و در همین گروه از بیمارن پنوتومی و کروپ نسبت جنس مذکر به مونث به ترتیب<i>  فصل زمستان شایع ترین زمان ابتلا بوده است. در بیماران مبتلا به برونشیولیت شیوع جنسی  یکسان بوده و 50 درصد از بیماران در فصل بهار و 6/ 41 درصد از آنها در فصل زمستان بستری  شده بودند. در بیماران مبتلا به پنومونی 127 نفر ( 7/84 درصد ) با حدس وجود علت باکتریال آنتی بیوتیک گرفتند ولی در سایر بیمارن با حدس اتیولوژی غیر باکتریال آنتی بیوتیک تجویز نشده  است. این مطالعه از نظر شیوع سنی و جنسی و فصلی عفونت های تنفسی تحتانی با آمار کلاسیک مطابقت دارد. به علت انجام مطالعه بر روی بیماران بستری که اکثرا با حال عمومی بد یا متوسط نیاز به بستری شدن پیدا می کنند، موارد پنومونی با اتیولژی باکتریال در آن بالاتر از آمار کلاسی  می باشد.  </i></p> <div style="mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0 BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0 PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent PADDING-LEFT: 0in PADDING-RIGHT: 0in BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0 BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0 PADDING-TOP: 0in" height="553" valign="top" align="left"><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.9pt TEXT-INDENT: 27.35pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.7pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">Acute Respiratory tract infections (ART!) are one of the most common problems encountered in childhood. In this article, epidemiology of ART! in the pediatric ward of Talegheni Medical center during </span></i><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-bidi-language: HE">a </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-font-width: 130% mso-bidi-language: HE">5 </span></font><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">year period from </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">1988 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">to </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">1993 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">was reviewed. </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">191 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">children were hospitalizid with ARTI. </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">184 (96.3%) </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">suffered from LRT!, and of these, 150 patients had pneumonia </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">(78.5%), 22 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">had Croups </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">(11.5%), 12 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">had bronchiolitis (6.3%) and </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">7 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">Patients had Sinusitis </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">(3.7%) . <p></p></font></span></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.9pt TEXT-INDENT: 0.2in MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">Children between </span></i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-font-width: 126% mso-bidi-language: HE">1 </span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">month to </span></i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-font-width: 126% mso-bidi-language: HE">1 </span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">year of age were the most common age group in patients with pneumonia and croup and accounted for </span></i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE">52. 7% </span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">of patients. In the same age group, in patients with pneumonia, there were 50 boys and </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 110% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">26 </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">girls. The difference is statistically significant (p </span></i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt mso-font-width: 116% mso-bidi-language: HE">< </span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">0.005). In patients with pneumonia and in those with croup MIF were </span></i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">~ <i>and </i></span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE">2.6</span></u><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE"> res <p></p></span></i></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 6.45pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly tab-stops: 274.55pt 313.4pt" class="Style"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1">                                                                                                                          </span><span style="mso-font-width: 125%">1 <span style="mso-tab-count: 1">              </span>1 <p></p></span></font></font></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 13.9pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">pectively and winter was the most common season of affliction. In the <p></p></span></i></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.9pt MARGIN: 0in 0.45pt 0pt 0in mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">bronchiolitis group both sexes were equal and half of the patients were hospitalized in spring and </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">41.6% </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">in winter, </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">15.3% </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">of patients with pneumonia did not receive antimicrobial treatment due to viral etiology and in the remainder </span></i><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-font-width: 105% mso-bidi-language: HE"><font face="Times New Roman">(84.7%) </font></span><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">antibactrial therapy was prescribed. <p></p></span></i></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.9pt TEXT-INDENT: 0.2in MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 4.75in mso-element-frame-height: 414.95pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 20.45pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Arial","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 10pt mso-bidi-language: HE">Regarding the sex, age and seasonal pattern of respiratory tract infections, this study is compatible with the literature. Since the study was performed on hospitalized patients, the rate of bacterial pneumonia is higher than that reported in literature. <p></p></span></i></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div> 1- عفونت تنفسی حاد 2- پنومونی 3- برونشیولیت 4- کروپ 1) Acute respiratory 2) Pneumonia 3) Croup 4) Bronchiolitis 30 37 http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1223&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Shahla Roodpeyma شهلا رودپیما 3900319475328460020992 3900319475328460020992 Yes