Background: Currently, with increasing risk of influenza A virus epidemics, a lot of studies have been performed. Oseltamivir or Tamiflu (the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor) is one of the effective drugs for preventing and treatment of these viruses. The H274Y mutation is from the most important drug resistant factors in influenza A viruses. The aim of this study was detection of Oseltamivir resistant influenza A/H3N2 viruses by 274 position inspection using Real-time RT-PCR.

Methods: Initially, specific primers and probs for detection of sensitive and resistant A/H3N2 viruses were designed. The Real-time RT-PCR assay was performed to detect mutation in 274 position of NA gene.

Results: Of 50 A/H3N2 specimens, all were negative for H274Y mutation and no resistant viruses were selected.

Conclusion: Quick and accurate recognition of drug resistant mutants is necessary for effective treatment strategies. Real-time RT-PCR assay is a rapid operational test which could be performed in the laboratories for detection of influenza viruses resistant to NA inhibitor.