ABSTRACT In medicine many cases which seem to be difficult and are rarely diagnosed can be discovered easily if precise attention be paied towards them so that they can be treated properly. This can be proved by discussing the following case. The case to be presented is an 11 month years old female baby with chief complaint as respiratory symptoms since 8 months ago. During the work up secretions and inflammations in both bronchuses, hyperinflation in both lungs - especially in right - and right posterior mediastinal mass were observed. The patient underwent surgery under the probable diagnosis of having a bronchogenic cyst (BC) which later on was documented by the pathologist. BCs are rare benign congenital developmental lesions of ventral foregut. They account for approximately %10 of mediastinal masses among children. These occur most frequently in the posterior part of mediastinum, usually more common on the right and middle. They are always symptomatic in children but rarely diagnosed at the time of the birth. Because of dangerous complications, early diagnosis is imperative. A chest radiograph raises any suspicion about having a BC, that can be documented by a chest CT-scan with contrast. All identified BCs should be surgically removed. BCs should be placed in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal masses, chronic productive cough, recurrnt pulmonary infection, unilateral lung hyperinflation in radiograhy, and FTT in children.

Keywords: 1) Bronchogenic cyst 2) Mediastinal mass 3)Surgery

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