39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 1944 Gynecology UPDATE ON UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY Akbarian A.R. Haghighi L. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 165 172 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 Unexplained infertility is considered when with application of standard investigations, including semen analysis, post coital test, endometrial biopsy, hysterosalpingography, and laparoscopy, etiologic factors are not found. With advances in science and technology and taking advantage of various assessment procedures especially during the last two decades, the prevalence of this entity is decreasing and at present it is about 10% . In this paper first the new diagnostic procedures such as sperm function tests, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of endometrium, immunological studies and then various treatment methods including: ovarian hyperstimulation, intra uterine insemination, and intra fallopian gamete (zygote) transfer are described.
1946 Dermatology KLEIN WAARDENBURG SYNDROME (KWS) A CASE REPORT Shemsadini s. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 173 176 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 This is a case of 4-years-old white male who was referred to the dermatology clinic for two localised bald patches on parietal area noted 2 months previously. He was well naurished, well d.eveloped with fairly normal height and weight for his age, but with deafness, mutism, piebaldism, white forlock, paliosis of eye brows and eyelashes and musculoarticular abnormalities all noted from birth and early infancy. The association of these clinical findings are infavour of type 11/ waardenburg syndrome(klein type) , which is a rare disease. He is undergoing more investigation and evaluation. 1948 Pediatric Disease LUMBAR PUNCTURE IN PATIENTS WITH FEBRILE CONVULSION Amid M.H. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 177 181 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 Meningitis in infants and children is an infectious disorder which has high mortality and morbidity. The disease present with different clinical manifestations and it may be present without signs of meningeal irritation, particularly in young infants. In this group, CNS infection may be present only with fever and seizure. On the other hand, one of the most. common and benign neurologic disorders during infancy and childhood is febrile convulsion which is not associated with any underlying disorder in CNS. Differential diagnosis between these two problems is difficult. Whether LP is indicated to rule out meningitis in infants with febrile convulsion is not clear. In a one year prospective study, CSF of children that presented with febrile convulsion with or without signs of meningitis, were examined. From 285 patients in whom LP was performed, 96(33.7%) of the cases had meningitis and 189(66.3 %) had normal CSF analysis. 61 cases (63.5%) were male and 35 cases(36.4%) were female, showing male predominance. In this study, from total patients, 124 children (43. 9%) presented only with fever and seizure, 18 cases (14.5%) of these patients had abnormal CSF. 1949 Rheumatology PREVALENCE OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES IN FASHAM Forghanizadeh j. Abhari R. Shakibi M.R. Samadi F. Oiroozian M. Tavakoli S. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 182 191 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in population aged 15 and over in Fasham-Shemiranat a mountainous rural area near Tehran, , The sampling method was house to house screening in villages of Fasham, Using the Community Oriented Program for Control 'of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) core questionaire, 2502 persons were screened. In phase 1 , key questions concerned the presence of pain in neck dorsum, low back, sacrum and peripheral joints within the last 2 weeks or disabilities caused by pain in these regions or presence of pain in the past, lasting more than 6 weeks in these regions as well as questions regarding history of pain in great toes along with swelling or redness, subsiding within 2 weeks. Positive respondents for any of above questions entered phase 2 of the study which consisted of clinical examination, laboratory tests and X-ray studies. 1146 (45.8%) were negative cases in phase 1, Of 1358(54.2%) positive respondents, 282 (20.7%) no longer had complaints and therefore negative examinations. There were 251 (18.4%) drop_outs because of loss of follow up or lack of cooperation. In 825 cases (32.9%) one or more rheumatic conditions were diagnosed according to standard criteria. The prevalence of conditions was estimated as follows: Low back pain= 18.5% , Osteoarthritis (peripheral joints only) = 16.1%, Neck pain=6.4% , Periarthritis of snouider» 5%, other soft tissue conditions (tendinitis, elbow epicondylitis, carpal tunnel syndrome) =4.6%, Fibromyalgia= 1.3% , Rheumatoid arthritis = 0.32%, history of gouty attacks=0.28%, Psoriatic arthritis and Reiter's syndrome= 0.0£3010 . In conclusion, this study shows high prevalence of rheumatic conditions in a rural area with much higher prevalence rate of low back pain, osteoarthritis and other soft tissue conditions compared to low prevalence of inflammatory arthritis such es rheumatoid arthritis. 1950 Genetic THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS FACTORS ON CLINICAL COURSE AND PRESENTATION OF PHENYLKETONURIA IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO SHAHID AKBARABADI HOSPITAL Mazhari S.Z. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 192 199 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary metabolic disorder which is caused by complete or near complete deficiency of phenylalanin hydroxylase or other cofactors of the phenylalanin metabolic cycle. In this paper the data are collected from 312 patients who were referred to Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital . These patients were the result of 215 marriages which were familial in 192 instances. Most of these families referred to several specialists for diagnosis of the disease find from this point of view their socio-economic status had no effect. On the contrary, successful diet therapy and follow up Md close relation with socio-economic conditions. The high cost of special diet and medical care and emotional tension secondary to this disease in these children and their families are the major causes of the failure to control the disease. Divorce and addiction are the result of emotional tension in such families. Prohibiting familial marriage in those families with positive history is necessary for control and prevention of the disease. 1951 Pediatric Infectious EFFICACY ASSESSMENT OF NEONATAL B.C.G VACCINATION Nilforushan M.A. Hashemi S. Shokoohi H. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 200 206 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 BCG vaccine has been used since 1921 for primary prevention of tuberculosis in man. The immunogenic efficacy of this vaccine has been reported between 2 to 83/. in various studies. In order to assess the efficacy of neonatal BCG vaccination in 200 infants who had received BCG vecctne at birth, BCG vaccine scars were measured and PPD test (5 unit strength) was performed at 3 months of age. The survey was carried out from September 1993 to June 1994 in Shahid Akbarabad/ and Firoozgar University Hospitals. Positive BCG scars (defined, when ~ 3 mm in greater diameter) was present in 68/. of infants. PPD test results were negative « 5mm) in 321. , suspecious (5-9 mm) in 51/. and positive(~ 10mm) in 1T1. of cases. Proportion of positive PPD tests was higher in male (p<O.0005) and in positive BCG scar groups (p<0.005). There is a direct correlation between diameter of BCG scars and intensity of reaction to PPD tests. The most common complication of BCG vaccination was lymphadenitis which was detected in 2/. of infants. 1952 Radiology ULTRASOUND STUDY OF FETAL STOMACH Honarbakhsh A. Iravani B. 1 12 1995 2 پاییز 207 210 23 01 2012 12 11 2018 Ultrasound study of fetal stomach is multidirectionally rewarding . It can be used to detect congenital aberrations and to estimate gestational age in comparison with biparietal diamater (BPD). This study was performed in 60 pregnant women in 14-40 weeks of gestation. Maximum width and lengths of fetal stomach were measured and compared with BPD in order to determine gestational age . In 4 fetus, stomach was not visualized, This was caused by oligohydramnios in 2 and congenital neural tube defect in 1 case. Nonvisualization of fetal stomach after 14-20 weeks of gestation could be interpreted as indirect evidence of congenital abnormalities. In this study it was also noted that the measurements upleveled at 25th week of gestation resulting in the affecting parameters to intensify beyond this time. Ultrasound study was done only once without chronological repetition .