39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 1893 Gynecology DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF 250 PATIENTS WITH PELVIC MASS IN SHAHID AKBARABADI HOSPITAL Amini A. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 142 149 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 Pelvic masses are common findings in patients referred to obstetric and gynecology clinics. These masses originate from various organs such as alimentary, urinary and genital systems. In this survey demographic and clinical characters of 250 patients with pelvic mass referred to shahid Akbarabadi hospital in 2 consecutive years were studied retrospectivety. Chronic abdominal pain and abnormal uterine bleeding were common complaints of patients. In young patients, the majority of masses were due to complications of pregnancy such as ectopic pregnancy. Leiomyoma and adenomyosis were most common histologic diagnosis. Almost always preoperative sonographic diagnosis were compatible with operative findings.
1894 General Surgery OCTREOTIDE AS AN ADJUNCT IN GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY Jalali S.A. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 150 156 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 Almost all major gastrointestinal operations should have some sort of mechanical drainage by a nasogastric tube suction in order to keep the system at rest and prevention of gastric dilatation. The rational behind this preliminary study was to inhibit the secretions medically rather than to drain it mechanically ,by injections of somatostatin analogue (octreotide) 100 mg half hour before removal of nasogastric suction tube on the first post-operative day and continue it for three days every eight hour S. C. . We used this treatment protocol as a pilot study on ten patients with results far better than expected. Above all they were able to eat second day after surgery, and needed far less narcotics postoperatively. We also used ten patients as our control group with almost the same ages and similar operations, although all patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery could be considered as control group. In our treated group not only they had less discomfort and other complications due to nasogastric tube, but overall about 1000c.c of G.I. secretions remained and preserved in their G.I. systems instead of being pumped out from gastrointestinal tract. 1895 Pediatric Disease HORMONE INDUCED CHILDHOOD HYPERTENSION Razzaghy-Azar M. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 157 161 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 This article outlines the various childhood endocrine disorders associated with hypertension . In many circumstances this is due to inadequate sodium excretion although other mechanisms are often involved. A close link with the kidney will be apparent since it is through this organ that the major effects of hormonal control of sodium are manifested although primary disturbances of kidney function may mimic endocrine diseases. The main emphasis will be on the hormonal derangements that can result in high blood pressure. Enzyme deficiecies in adrenals, primary hyperaldostronism, cushing's syndrome, apparent mineralocorticoid excess causes endocrine hypertension in childrens. Some postulate that essential hypertension is caused by an inherited disorder of the kidney to stimulate the production of a sodium transport inhibitor , possibly from the hypothalamus which helps kidney to eliminate sodium but at the ex pence of increasing blood pressure. This should be the case then it might be argued that essential hypertension comes into the category of hormone induced high blood pressure. 1896 Microbiology APPLICATION OF IMMUNOTHERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT Salekmoghdam A.R. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 162 170 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 In cancer therapy, the need for new treatments is profound. Alone or together, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy cure cancer in almost half of the patients in whom it develops. Immunotherapy like chemotherapy can be delivered systemically to combat metastases. What is more , it normally attacks only diseased cells ignoring healthy ones , so it is more cancer-specific than chemotherapy and radiotherapy which often kill dividing cells indiscriminately. Immunotherapy is a costly and complex treatment with sever side effects, because to determine the dose for each patient and for each kind of malignancy is important in results. This article is review of the latest methods and specially the most promising one Adoptive Immunotherapy in brief. 1897 Rheumatology OUTCOME OF 111 PREGNANCIES IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Shakibi M.R. Korfi M. Abhari R. Akbarian A.R. Forghanizadeh J. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 171 176 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease which affects young females in reproductive ages. This disease and pregnancy have adverse effects on each other. In this regard there are different reports in literatures. The objective of this article is to report the outcome of 111 pragnancies in 48 patients with SLE and comparison of the outcome before and after diagnosis of the disease. The medical records of 100 consecutive patients with diagnosis of SLE were reviewed. 56 patients were married females. In 48 patients we had enough informations from medical records or could contact them to obtain the necessary informations. In 28 patients 74 pregnancies had been occured before diagnosis of SLE with 67 (90%) full term deliveries. In 21 patients 37 pregnancies had been occured after diagnosis of SLE with only 11 (30%) full term deliveries (p<O.0001). There were 4 spontaneous and 3 induced abortions in pregnancies before diagnosis and 13 spontaneous (pO.05). After diagnosis of SLE there were 4 stillbirth (p<0.001) and 5 premature deliveries(p<0.0005). In conclusion, SLE has had adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes in this series of patients and the number of spontaneous abortions, stillbirths and premature deliveries have been more common after diagnosis of SLE than before diagnosis. 1898 Physiology THE ROLE OF BOMBESIN IN PREABSORPTIVE SATIETY Sadeghi Looyeh A. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 177 183 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 Spontaneous cessation of eating and feeling of fullness before any digestion or absorption of food stuff begins,indicates that G.I. tract sensory nerves or hormone like secretion of upper G.I. tract can causes preabsorptive satiety. Some neurotransmitters or hormonal secretions are assumed to be responsible for this phenomenon, one of them is called bombesin, which mimics neurotransmission activity in mamalian's G.J. tract. Bombesin available in lateral ventricles activates paraventricular substrates and thus causes preabsorptive satiety and hypoinsulinemia. Intraperitoneal injection of bombesin reduces food intake and increases intervals between meals. Also bombesin and GRP(Gastrin Releasing Peptide) causes release of hormone which brings along feeling of fullness and as a result cessation of eating. 1899 Radiology APPLICATION OF ULTRASOUND IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION Honarbakhsh A. Seyed Maleki M.M. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 184 192 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 With considerable advances in                     technology, ultrasound, as a noninvasive procedure has been more frequently used for diagnosis of liver diseases and portal hypertension (P.H.). Venography and splenoportography, both are invasive procedures with considerable X-ray exposure. The information obtained from these procedures are limited only to condition of vesseles, while with ultrasonic study, diameter of main portal and splenic veins could be measured and any increases in diameter more than 2 mm would suggest P.H. Diagnosis of vessele wall thrombosis in portal system as uniform or heterogenous echogenic area also is possible with ultrasound. Pulse doppler can be used for determining blood velocity and volume, in the same vesseles, and color doppler ultrasound study will show patency of smaller vesseles when clinically indicated. We studied, 15 patients who were clinically suspision to have P.H. with ultrasound to confirm P.H. . In all of cases ultrasonic findings such as increased diameter of portal and splenic veins, splenomegaly and presence of collaterals were evidences for diagnosis of P.H. In 2 cases evidences of portal vein thrombosis, were found. In another 2 cases evidences of extrinsic pressure on portal system due to hydatid cysts of liver was thought as causes of P.H.. 1900 Plastic Surgery REPORT OF 5 PATIENTS WITH LIGHTNING-ASSOCIATED INJURY Hoomand A. Latifi N.A. 1 12 1994 1 پاییز 193 197 30 11 2011 12 11 2018 Ligthning - associated injuries (L -AI) are rare and not well recognized by many physicians. Awareness of pathophysiology and first line therapy would improve final prognosis in these patients. In last 10 years we have seen 5 cases of L-AI in plastic & reconstructive surgery hospital center in Tehran. They presented with 3-24% (average 16%) total body surface burn injury. Cardiac arrhytmia, fractures, myoglobulinuria, vision and hearing impairments and abnormal neurological findings are major complications of L-AI. Detail of cases are discussed in this article.