39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 1766 Pulmonary Disease Size of Beta Angle in Felw-Volume Loop of Patients with Obstructive Lung Diseases Ehteshami Afshar Amin Zahmatkesh Mohammad Mehdi Asadian Asadollah 1 9 1999 6 2 89 93 09 11 2011 It is known that spiromentry is the most conventional method to determine pulmonary function. In spirometry, the shape of flow-volume loop is the most helpful finding to evaluate pulmonary dysfunction. Obstruction is best demonstrated by the slope of the descending portln of the exhalation curve. Measurement of fJ-angle is helpful for determination of this slope. fJ-angle is defined by 3 points in flow-volume loop. The first one, the vertex of the angle, is the point of maximum flow in mid vital capacity. The second point is the end of vital capacity on volume axis and the last one is the point of peak flow on the flow axis. In this study, 325 cases, both smoker and non-smoker, were studied. Rsults show thatfJ-angle decreases by increasing age over 30 years. There is no significant difference in size of fJ-angle between smokers smoking less than 20 pack-years and non-smokers. But, size of this angle decreases in smokers smoking more than 20 pack-years. Size of fJ-angle decreases with obstructive diseases but there is no change in it's size in restrictive diseases. Size of fJ-angle decreases when VC, FEV1, FEF25-75 or FEV1/FVC decrease.
1767 Immunology Study of HAL-A, B and C alloantigens in a Population of Esfahan Province Adib Minoo Abolhasani Rasool Abkar Shahnazar Edna 1 9 1999 6 2 94 96 09 11 2011 A random sample of 500 healthy unrelated subjects from Esfahan province were HLA typed for A, 8 and C locus antigens. The lymphocytes were separated from 5 ml of whole peripheral blood and were typed for HLA _ A, 8 and C by using the standard two stage microlymphocytotoxicity NIH technique. The findings suggest that in the study population, frequency of HLA-Al' A2, A3, Ag HLA-8s, 83S and HLA-CW4 antigens is higher than other HLA antigens. It has been concluded that the destribution of HLA class I antigens in Esfahan is similar to their distribution in Tehran and Mashhad 1768 parasitology Early Dignosis of Human Facioliasis by Metacercaria Precipitation Method Oormazdi Hormozd Soltani Arabshahi Seyed Kamran Akhlaghi Lame Mozafari Ebrahim 1 9 1999 6 2 97 106 09 11 2011 Fascioliasis is a cosmopolitan parasitic disease common between human and herbivorous animals. Since the disease leads to significant liver damage, it should be diagnosed and treated more quickly and more accurately. The etiologic agent is Fasciola hepatica (and rarely Fasciola gigantica). In Iran Fascioliasis is more prominent in the humid north provinces as compared to other areas. The disease initiates with ingestion of drinking water and raw vegetables (lettuce, watercress and ... ) that harbor metacercariae. Then, the larvae reside and mature in biliary ducts. The most common symptoms are fever, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, eosinophilia, gastrointestinal disorders and allergic reactions. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms and epidemiologic informations. It is confirmed by parasitologic and serologic methods. As parasitologic tests are only definitive in 30% of cases, and serologic methods are highly diagnostic and accurate, we used metacercaria precipitation test for early diagnosis of human fascioliasis for the first time in Iran. We used in vitro-bred metacercariae as major antigens. They were incubated with serum samples offasciola-infected patients and healthy individuals (control group). Different dilutions of 1/5 and 1/10 were used. Precipitation reactions were assessed after 6,24 and 48 hours. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the test at 1/5 dilution were higher than other dilutions and were 95% and 100% respectively. Due to the simplicity and the lack of heavy expenditure, and since the test helps early diagnosis of disease, we suggest that this be used at any part of the country. Due to unavailabillity of nitazoxanide, our patients, with positive metacercaria precipitation test, were treated with triclabendazole which was fUlly effective. 1769 Human Physiology Ulcerogenic Effect of Prednisolone on Rat Gastric Mucosa and Role of Neutroohils Borjian Leila Fesharaki Mehrafarin 1 9 1999 6 2 107 115 09 11 2011 The ulcerogenic effect of corticosteroids has always been subject of controversial discussion. In this study, which is a part of another extensive study (the role of neutrophil in induction of gastric mucosal injury by different agents), the effect of prednisolone, as a widely used corticosteroid, on the rat gastric mucosa, was investigated. Prednisolone (1 mg/kg) induced acute mucosal injury (after 3 hours) in special regions of the rat stomach. Moderate neutropenia, induced by methotrexate, significantly reduced the prednisolone induced injury. Profound neutropenia induced by anti-neutrophil serum, completely prevented the induction of injury by prednisolone. A specific muccosal area of the rat stomach is quite similar to the mucosa of the esophagus. Neutropenia also diminished the ulcerogenic effect of prednisolone in this area. These findings suggest a role of neutrophil in induction of gastric, and probably eosophageal acute mucosal injury by prednisolone in rat. 1770 Gynecology Antiphospholipid Syndrome Haghighi Ladan 1 9 1999 6 2 116 121 09 11 2011 Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune condition characterized by recurrent vascular thrombosis, pregnancy loss and thrombocytopenia associated with moderate to high levels of antiphospholipid antibodies. Most of clinical features are results of thrombotic phenomena. The pathophysiologic basis ot this syndrome is still unknown. the diagnosis of this syndrome is made by combination of clinical and laboratory features. Depending on the clinical signs and symptoms, the patients are managed with low-dose aspirin and heparin. In specific conditions, patients are managed with conrticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents or plasmapheresis. 1771 Dermatology Comparison of Psoriatic Plaque Bacterial Flora to Skin Normal Flora Khaje Karameddini Mehrangiz Famili Soroorozaman 1 9 1999 6 2 122 127 09 11 2011 Over a one year period, 50 psoriatic patients were entered into the present study. The patients were selected among those who were referring to the Dermatology Clinic of Ghaem Hospital. The selected patients were being referred to the Microbiology Laboratory of Special Clinic of Ghaem. A sample was obtained from the psoriatic plaque of each patient. Meanwhile, samples were obtained from normal skin flora of a control group. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers. The bacteria isolated from the psoriatic plaques were staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Some of the samples were sterile. The bacteria isolated from the skin of healthy volunteers were species of coagulase-negative staphylococci, Corynebacterium saprophyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, all of which are components of skin normal flora. Results of this study show that the psoriatic plaque is a suitable environment for growth of pathogenic Staphylococcal species because these species were not been isolated from the skin of healthy volunteers. 1772 Pulmonary Disease Pulmonary Function Tests in Bakers of Tehran and Comparison with Control Group Zahmatkesh Mohammad Mehdi Afshar Bagher Ehteshami Afshar Amin 1 9 1999 6 2 128 133 09 11 2011 It is known that the smoke of the firewood ovens and flour dust are factors that cause airway dysfunctions such as chronic bronchitis and occupational asthma in bakers. For determing the effects of these factors on pulmonary function tests of those bakers who use conventional ovens with fuels other than firewood, we examined 200 bakers in west of Tehran city. In these cases, pulmonary function tests were performed and different parameters such as FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75% were measured. A comparision was made between these cases and a control group. In this study, the results show that pulmonary function tests of the bakers who have 5 to 30 years of service are not significantly different from that of control group. Thus, it can be concluded that in the study population working with conventional ovens did not lead to a significant chronic airway dysfunction. 1773 Immunology Skin Immune System Salek Moghaddam Alireza 1 9 1999 6 2 134 139 09 11 2011 Skin has some physiologic roles which are performed actively. One of the most important functions of skin is to take part in body immune system. Skin Immune system (SIS) which has local and extra-local effects plays its role through skin associated lymphoid tissues (SALT). SIS provides nonspecific (NI) and specific immunity (SI). NI is effective through PH, fatty acids, antibacterial substances found in sweat, normal skin flora e.g S. epidermidis and Corinebacterium, turnover of skin epithelial cells (keratinocytes) , and so on . SI which is mediated by Band T lymphocytes is a self-limited immunity with memory and specificity and is important in protection of the body. 1774 Clinical Psychiatry Clinical Features of Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder in Patients of Selected Clinics in Tehran Fata Ladan Bolhari Jafar 1 9 1999 6 2 140 152 09 11 2011 This study deals with clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder in 100 patients who were referred to selected clinics in Tehran. Using Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Check-list, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and a demographic questionaire, this study represents frequency of different signs and symptoms of o CD, rate of depression, personality disorders comorbidity and demographic characteristics of the sample. The findings show that phenomenological characteristics of OCD in these patients are generally congruent with findings of similar researches in other countries. The exeptions are that the content of symptoms is culture bond, rate of hospitalization is very low and rate of non-pharmacologic treatment is also low. According to these findings, guidelines for designing measurment tools and treatment strategies have been suggested. 1775 Human Physiology Current Position of the Etiology of the Mental Disorders Vahabzadeh Abdolvahab 1 9 1999 6 2 153 160 09 11 2011 The present article reviews the current position of the etiology of mental disorders in the clinical medicine. To study the contribution of the known factors such as genetic, physical, chemical, and stress factors on the pathogenesis and etiology of mental disorders, most acceptable evidences were gathered. A part of these evidences comes from author's own work. In despite of presence of a rich Iiteratue in psychology, etiology of the psychiatry is unknown. Recent studies in half a century provide some evidence to suggest the neurochemical basis of of the physiology and pathology of the behavioral states. It appears that these neurochemical evidences would provide some suggestions to the hypothesis of mental disorders in the present decade. In this regard, the neuroscience investigations may provide some valuable contribution to the etiology of the mental disorders.