39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 403 Physiotherapy VASTUS MEDIALIS OBLIQUES(VMO)VASTUS LATERALIS(VL) ACTIVITY RATION FOR SELECTED DEGREES OF RANGE OF MOTION IN OPEN Vs. CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN (OKC,CKC) DURING ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION Ebrahimi Takamejani E Hafezi R 1 9 2000 7 20 73 79 02 08 2005 ABSTRACT There are numerous rehabilitation protocoles for Patello Femoral joint (PFJ) problems, but there is little objective data to determine the most effective treatment of this disorder. Increased VMO/VL activity ratio might be useful in treatment of patients with patellar tracking dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the EMG activty of the VMO and VL within seven angles of knee joint range of motion with isometric contraction in two commonly performed rehbilitation exercises: OKC, isometric holds(IS), and the CKC, vertical squat(SQ). The dominant knee of 44 healthy females(mean age:24.84 yearsrange:20-30 years) were analyzed. Surface electrode pairs were attached over the VMO and VL(Basmajian Method). The EMG biofeedback data were collected while the subject performed isometric contraction on IS and SQ exercises in 7 degrees from 0˚ to 90˚ (with 15˚ internals) of knee flexion. Paired t-test and Avova was performed between variables(p<0.001). This study demonstrates that there are significant differences: 1)Between OKC and CKC exercises in 0˚, 15˚, 30˚of knee flexion. 2)Between all Angles in CKC except:0-15˚, 0-30˚, 0-45˚, 15-30˚, 60-75˚, 75-90˚. 3)between: 15-60˚, 30-60˚, 45-60˚, 60-90˚ in OKC(p<0.001). A)In OKC and CKC respectively: 1/60˚ and15˚ of knee flexion was most sufficient position(increase VMO/VL activity ratios) 2/15˚ and 90˚ of knee were most insufficient position 3/The arc of movement between 45-75˚ and 0-30˚ was considered as most sufficient arc of movement. B)Because of some biomechanical & neurophysiological viewpoints that emphesized on the other literatures and also because of results of this research, our recommendations are: in early phase or in early session of treatment of PFJ dysfunction, treatment exercises done in CKC & sufficient position and after progression of patient condition OKC exercises also added.
400 Infectious Disease COMPARISON OF THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF TETRACYCLIN , COTRIMOXAZOLE AND CIPROFLOXACIN IN THE TREATMENT OF CHLOREA IN FIROOZABADY HOSPITAL Barati M Mohammad Akbari M Shahidzadeh Mahani F 1 9 2000 7 20 81 84 02 08 2005  ABSTRACT To evaluate the efficacy of Ciprofloxacin, Co-trimoxazole and Tetracyclin in the treatment of Cholerae a retrospective study was performed in Firooz - Abadi hospital in summer 1998. There were 173 patients , 71 patients received Tetracycline or Doxycyclin , 52 received Ciprofloxacin and the remaining 19 paitients received Co-trimoxazole. 14 patients were excluded from the study because they had recieved other antibiotics previously. There were also 16 patients who did not receive any antibiotics,and were considered as control group.To compare the therapeatic effect of anibiotics these factors are considered: 1) Having a positive stool culture(s/c) before admission. 2) The severity of disease. 3) Time of response to treatment. 4) Duration of treatmet. We compared “ time of response to treatment” in each two groups and calculated P value and found out that neither of the P-values were meaningfull that means non of the antibiotics had more efficacy than the others to decrease the time of treatment. In another evaluation we compared each two groups for the “ Duration of treatment ”and Calculated P-value and there was no statistically meaningfull values. This means non of antibiotics is more efficient than the others to decreas “ mean duration of treatment”. In conclusion, all the antibiotics used for the treatment of cholerae in Firooz–Abadi hospital in summer 1998 were effective to decrease time of treatment and there was no difference in the therapeatic groups. 408 Neonatology NEONATAL LUPUS LONG TERM OUTCOME IN CHILDREN AND ASYMPTOMATIC MOTHERS Poormoghim H Badakhsh M.H Mehranian A 1 9 2000 7 20 86 94 03 08 2005 ABSTRACT In this article pathogenesis and Mechanism of Neonatal Lupus in human and animal model was reviewed and results of two case series of Neonatal Lupus was critiszed. It is postulated that Auto-Antibodies including SSb, SSA, has a role in pathogenesis of neonatal Lupus and SSB has major role. The results of clinical case series reveal that in mothers with neonatal Lupus delivery, most of them had connective tissue disease symptoms before or during pregnancies, mortality in babies with neonatal lupus was high. The leading cause of death was congestive heart Faliure and occur in first months of life. The risk of Neonatal Lupus in next pregnancy in mothers with one neonatal Lupus baby is high with incidence rate between 20-30%. We suggest that in mothers with high risk of neonatal Lupus-mother with previous history of neonatal Lupus delivery or positive SSA, SSB Auto-antibodies echocardiography of fetus must be done between 18-24 weeks of pregnancy and if it was abnormal dexamethasone or plasmaphoresis started. These mothers and Fetus should be Undersupervision by a team of Rheumatologist, Gynecologist, perinatologist and pediatrician during period of Pregnancy. 411 Pediatric Cardiology A CASE REPORT OF RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION SECONDARY TO RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS MANAGED BY PTRA Shah Mohammadi A Rajaee SH 1 9 2000 7 20 96 99 03 08 2005 ABSTRACT Renal artery stenosis is one of the treatable causes of systemic hypertension in children. For years surgery was the treatment of choice, but recently PTRA (Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty) has been successfully performed for relief of the stenosis. This method compared with surgery is safe, simple and has lower complication rate. At times stent placement is performed in conjunction with balloon angioplasty of the renal arteries. The patient was 3 year old boy presented with systemic hypertension refractory to medical therapy. Evaluation of the patient showed systemic hypertension possibly due to renal artery stenosis. Renal artery angiography was performed and confirmed the diagnosis. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) with stent placement was performed successfully. 409 Physiology EVALUATION OF CHLOROQUINE ON OESTRUS CYCLE AND GONADOTROPINS FSH & LH IN FEMALE RATS Sadeghipour Roudsari H.R Dinei L Sepehri H 1 9 2000 7 20 100 103 03 08 2005 ABSTRACT In this research effect of chloroquine on oestrus cycle,(Follicle Stimuloting Hormone)FSH and (Luteinizing Hormone) LH has been evaluated. There were three groups. Group I (control rats) received an equal volume of physiological salin. Group II animals had chloroquine (25 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally (I.P) for 3 days and group III animals received chloroquine 30 mgkg for ten days. Oestrus cycle was monitored by daily saline vaginal lavage. All animals were sacrificed at the treatment. Trunk blood was collected in each group at the time of sacrifice, centrifuged and serum stored for subsequent ratio immunoassay of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Results showed that administration of chloroquine (25 mg/kg) did not affect on oestrus cycle and gonadotropins, but 30 mg/kg chloroquine for ten days showed a persistent dioestrus in 62% of rats, lowered serum LH levels (P<0.05) while serum FSH was unaltered. This study support the notion that chloroquine had an adverse effect on hypothalamo-pituitary ovarian systems. 401 Gastroentrology KAWASAKI DISEASE: REPORT OF A CASE WITH GALLBLADDER HYDROPS AND CHOLESTASIS Talachian E Nakhai SH 1 9 2000 7 20 104 107 02 08 2005 ABSTRACT Kawasaki disease is an acute, febrile, systemic disease of unknown etiology which principally affects young children. Gallbladder hydrops is of rare complications of this disease. It appears that hydrops occurs more common in older children. The diagnosis is suggested by abdominal symptoms and abnormal results of liver function tests and confirmed by ultrasonography. Treatment is supportive and operative intervention is rarely recommended. The present case is a 30-month-old girl with gallbladder hydrops and cholestasis in addition to the characteristic signs and symptoms of kawasaki disease. Clinical features of the disease and treatment regimens, Including early administration of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) which prevents cardiac complications are disdussed. 405 Oudiology A REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF HEARING QUALITY IN STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF URMIA. Ghanbarbeigi Taheri M Moossavi A Keyhani M.R 1 9 2000 7 20 109 114 02 08 2005 ABSTRACT The goal of this study was determining the frequency distribution of hearing loss among the students of public elementary schools of Urmia .This Cross – sectional descriptive study was done in Public elementary schools of Urmia in academic year 1378 – 79 Hijri Solar. Three thousand ears of 1500 students (750 girls and 750 boys, chosen randomly at two stages) from the primary school students. From the whole students undergone screening, 93.4% passed and 6.6% failed. An overall 5.8% hearing loss was found in this population including 4.27% bilateral and 1.53% one sided hearing loss. 3.27% of population suffered from conductive, 2.4% of sensory – neural and 0.14% of mixed hearing loss. Abnormal conditions of external ear canal was found in 5.1% of subjects mostly cerumen (3.1%). Abnormal tympanic membrane were seen more frequently among the girls. Abnormal conditions of tympanic membrane (14.4%) was observed more frequently in the age group of 7 year and this difference was staistically meaningful (P<0.001). Abnormal tympanogram was observed in 13.23% of subjects, mostly type C (5.37%), more common in girls, and the difference was statistically meaningful (P<0.05) regarding the sex of subjects. An overall 7.6% of screened students were in need of medical care and 1.13% of them were in need of rehabilitation services. General information about hearing problems was very low among students themselves (39.1%), their parents (36.8%), and their teachers(18.4%). 402 Genetic FRAGILE X SYNDROME AND THREE CASES REPORT Ameli H Darvishi, K Karimi-Nejad R 1 9 2000 7 20 115 120 02 08 2005  ABSTRACT The fragile X syndrome is the most frequent cause of inherited mental retardation. The fragile site is on the long arm of X chromosome in X q27.3 region. Incidence of syndrome is 1 in 2000 in males and 1 in 2500 in females. This fragile site is visible only with using of special cultural technices. Since females have two X chromosomes, this signs apear less than males. The females who carry this gene ordinary don’t have mental defeciency but they can transmit this gene to their children about 50%. This syndrome is a disease dependent to X chromosomes and the people who full mutation have some problemes to learn, severe mental retardation and autism. 33% of female carriers have mental retardation. This disorder is caused by an expansion of a DNA triplet repeat in the upstream region of the FMR1 gene. In health people with normal (CGG)n or (cytozine, Goanine, Goanine), represented as (CGG)n with n= 6 to 40 in normal chromosomes. Fragile X premutation carriers have between 52 to 200 copies of repeats, affected individuals have greater than 200 copies (full mutation) of repeat. Mutation other than the CGG expansion are known but are considered very rare. The carriers who have this gene aren’t known in normal situation. Cytogenetic analysis in affected person with full mutation shows a fragile site in Xq27.3 in 10-40% of cells.  406 Infectious Disease EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF GIEMSA STAINING AND RAPID UREASE TEST IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI Ghasemi SH Chehrei A Sadeghi S Ebrahimi A 1 9 2000 7 20 122 125 03 08 2005 ABSTRACT Attention to high prevalence of inflammatory disease of upper gastrointestinal system and determination of Helicobacter pylori, “a great importance etiology of gastric disorders”, this study was performed for rapid diagnostic evaluation of Helicobacter pylori. This observational & cross-sectional study was performed in 100 cases who suffered from upper gastrointestinal symptoms. By an internist, at least two gastric biopsies with endoscope (From antrum region) were taken, one of the biopsies was used in H-E staining (reference for gold standard method) and its results compared with Giemsa stain result for determination of validity if Giemsa staining. Other biopsy was used in one minute rapid urease for rapid diagnosis in patient with H.Pylori infection and in statistical analysis of the results sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive Values (PPV,NPV) and positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR,NLR) were used. In Giemsa staining sensitivity was reported to be 95.9% and specificity was 44.4% and for rapid urease test sensitivity was 69.9% and specificity 85.2% PPV of Giemsa staining and rapid urease test were 82.3% and 92.7% respectively, and NPVof were 80% and 51% respectively. PLR in Giemsa staining and rapid urease test were 1.7 and 4.7 respectively and NLR were 0.09 and 0.35 respectively. Giemsa staining has a high sensitivity and its negative results is Valuable. Rapid Urease test has a high specificity, and its positive results are valuable but its negative results must be controlled with a sutiable reference test. 407 Biochemistry LEVELS OF PLASMA LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS Kabir Anaraki H Firoozrai M Hosseini Gohari L 1 9 2000 7 20 127 132 03 08 2005  ABSTRACT Changes in metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins in diabetes mellitus have been reported. These changes seen to be the cause of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, 143 patients with type two diabetes mellitus were recruited at Yazd diabetic clinic. After 12 to 14 hours fasting, blood was taken from a forearm vein and serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-c, and VLDL-c were measured. 76 control nondiabetic subjectes were randomly recruited. Serum triglyceride, VLDL-c and HDL-c in patients were significantly higher and serum LDL-c was lower compared with those in normal subjects. Use of glybenclamide tablets and insuline injection reduced serum LDL-c and increased HDL-c significantly in the patients. Duration of diabetes had no effect on serum triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and VLDL-c levels. 410 Ophthalmology EFFECT OF HOMATROPINE 2% EYE DROP ON THE CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY Mir Samadi M.M 1 9 2000 7 20 134 137 03 08 2005  ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was the evaluation of cycloplegic effect of homatropine 2% on central corneal curvature and power. 43 volunteers who participated in the study were examined. Thirty-nine of them (28 men and 11 women) which had normal eyes with visual acuity of 20/20 and a mean age of 29.6 ± 6.7 years were selected. Then corneal topography was performed on both eyes. After performing corneal topography, a drop of homatropine 2% was instilled 6 times (at 10 minute intervals) in one eye and the other was the control eye. One hour after the final instillation of homatropine 2%, we then repeated corneal topography on both eyes. Central corneal curvature and power were evaluated and compared in series of corneal topographies. After instillation of homatropine 2% eye drop, central corneal curvature increased by a mean of +0.13 ± 0.11mm and central corneal power decreased by a mean of 0.76 ± 0.14 diopter (corneal flattening). It seems that cycloplegic effect of homatropine 2% eye drop decreases traction on scleral spur and then central corneal curvature increases and central corneal power decreases. 404 Pharmacology THE TERATOGENIC EFFECT OF GOLRANG’S EXTRACT ON DEVELOPMENT OF CNS IN MOUSE Fattahi M Nobakht M Mahmoudian M 1 9 2000 7 20 138 143 02 08 2005  ABSTRACT This study was desinged to evaluate the teratogenic effect of garthahus tinctorius (Golrang) Extract on the development of central nervous system (CNC) of suri albino variety mice. The extract was given from day 1 to 8th of preanancy with doses of 0.2, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2 mg/kg, each dose to one group of mice with 6th group serving as control. Day zero of preanancy was considered day one. On the thirteenth day fetuses were delivered by cesariah section and studied for CNS changes. Formation, changing morphology of consisting cells, inspection of lonvitudinal, internal and external diameter of various parts of neural tube and closure of neuropores, were the main indeses which were looked for. In group 1.6 and 2 mg/kg fetuses absorbed. In group 0.2 and 0.8 mg/kg some changes were observed. In 1.2 mg/kg group neural tube was not obstructed but cellular chanaes Both Qualitative and Quantitative were noted.