39 2228-7043 Iran University of Medical Sciences 2939 Biostatistics Determining the effects of the risk factors on severity of symptoms in the first-episode psychosis patients using transitional model Sabooni Aghdam Parisa b Eftekhary Samaneh c Karimloo Masoud d Biglarian Akbar e b University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences c University of Tehran d University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences e University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 1 8 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Psychotic disorders have special importance within different psychiatry disorders, for both the individual and familial problems as well as economical and social consequences. The most widespread of them is Schizophrenia and Affective Psychotic Disorders, which often start in early ages and usually need expensive treatments while lacking sufficient prognosis. The aim of this study is determining the effects of risk factors on the severity of symptoms of illness in the first-episode psychosis patients who were admitted to Roozbeh Hospital in a 2-year follow up study. Methods: In this longitudinal study, first-episode psychosis patient’s data who were admitted to Roozbeh Hospital between 2006– 2008, were analyzed. The effect of variables such as type of treatment, age, gender, marital status, educational status, profession, family history of illness and the main diagnosis, on the severity of symptoms of illness was studied using transitional model in “R” software V2.15.0. Results: Type of treatment, profession and the main diagnosis has significant effect on patient’s response. Conclusions: Underscoring the meaningful variables on patient’s response in care duration could be useful for better recognition of the treatment status of these patients’ and could help in presenting more suitable interventional programs. 
2940 Epidemiology Activities leading to dog bite incidence in Guilan province, north of Iran Pourmarzi Davood f Razi Maryam g f Guilan University of Medical Sciences g Guilan University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 9 17 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Dog bite is a public health problem because of the associated physical and psychological trauma, wound infection and rabies transmission. This research aimed to survey the activity leading to the dog bite in Guilan province. Methods: In a cross-sectional study from 1st June 2011 to 31st may 2012 we surveyed 1934 cases of dog bites that had referred to rabies vaccination centers in Guilan province. For data collection we used, a researcher-made questionnaire which was completed by interviewers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and chi square test. Results: Most of the subjects (30.7%) that were bitten by owned dogs had entered the dog territory. Most of the subjects (70.7%) that were bitten by stray dogs had no interaction with the dog. Differences in activity leading to the dog bite in different age groups, status of dog, dog owner, location and area of incidence were statistically significant (p= 0.0001), but between two genders (p= 0.093) and in different incidence time groups they were not statistically significant (p= 0.129). Conclusions: Dog owners should be aware of their responsibility for their dogs’ behaviors. Also how to deal with dogs and dog’s threatening behavior should be taught to people. Designing educational content based on the results of this study for dog bite prevention is necessary for different age groups.  2941 Community Medicine Assessment of clinical performance and factors affecting it in medical interns by mini-CEX test at Hazart-e-Rasool Akram hospital, Tehran, 2011 Kuhpayehzadeh Jalil h Hafezi Moghadam Peyman i Danesh Hosein j Imanizadeh Zahra k Daryazadeh Saeideh l h Iran University of Medical Sciences i Iran University of Medical Sciences j Iran University of Medical Sciences k Tehran University of Medical Sciences l Iran University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 18 26 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: One of the most important activities in educational processes is evaluation of students. For evaluating the students’ professional performance, selecting an appropriate evaluation system is important. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical performance of medical interns and its affecting factors by mini-CEX test. Methods: This study was semi-experimental and mini-CEX test was given to the emergency department interns’ twice at the beginning and end of the period and the assessor gave score the interns’ performance according to the checklist. Test scores were compared. Results: In total 76 participants were able to fulfill the first and second tests. Mean of test scores increased from 11.3 with a standard deviation 1.67 to 12.3 with a standard deviation 1.53 and increased 1.07 score (p value= 0.000). Conclusions: The result of the study emphasizes the affect of the variables on improvement of the clinical skills of interns’ and evaluating them at the beginning and end of the courses to investigate learning outcomes.  2942 Public Health Survey of heavy metals concentration in Mashhad drinking water in 2011 Alidadi Hossein m Peiravi Roya n Dehghan Ali Akbar o Vahedian Mohammad p Moalemzade Haghighi Hamideh Amini AminReza m Mashhad University of Medical Sciences n Mashhad University of Medical Sciences o Mashhad University of Medical Sciences p Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 27 34 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Heavy metals are one of the compounds that can enter the water sources through different ways. Consumption of heavy metals in amounts that exceed standard levels is associate with risks such as toxicity and carcinogenesis and development of disease..This study was carried out to determine heavy metals concentration (Cr,Cd ;Pb) in Mashhad drinking water and its comparison with national and international standards. Methods: This cross study was done in spring and summer 2011, samples were collected from different points of urban drinking water network according to the standard methods, and tested by atomic absorption spectrophotometeric method. Health centers were selected as sampling stations because they cover the entire city.Data were analysed by SPSS and One-way ANOVA, Paired t- test and One sample t- test on the significant level p<0.05. Results: Cadmium (Cd) and Chrome (Cr) concentrations did not exceed national and international standards, only Lead (Pb) concentration was slightly higher than standard level in some areas and its mean difference in spring and summer was significant (p=0.03), while this difference was not significant for Cr and Cd. There was no significant correlation between the metals concentrations and water sources. Conclusions: It seems the old water pipes can lead to an increase in metals concentrations particularly Pb in some areas of the city since that Cr;Cd concentrations in whole and Pb concentration in major areas were lower than the standard. There for, due to cumulative effects of these metals, it is necessary to conduct needful measures by responsible agencies.  2943 Sports Physiotherapy Effect of 12 weeks aerobic exercise on visfatin level and insulin resistance in obese women Taghian Farzaneh Zolfaghary Maryam Hedayati Mehdi Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 35 44 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Visfatin is a newly characterized adipokines which is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue and may play a role in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was assessing the effect of 12 weeks aerobic exercise on Visfatin level and insulin resistance in obese women. Methods: This study was a semi-experimental research. Twenty obese volunteer women (age 37±9.89 yr, body mass index 35.8±3.67 kg/m2, fat percentage 43.98±4.02% and waist-hip ratio 1.03±0.05(means ±SD) were randomly divided into two equal groups (each with 10 individuals), experimental and control. Aerobic training program was included three sessions per week in 12 weeks that was performed with treadmill (starting with 60-65%, heart rate max/15-20 min, final with 80-85%, heart rate max/ 45-50 min). Body composition, glucose, insulin and Visfatin levels were measured in two groups before and after intervention. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was measured by the calculation of relevant equation. For inter group comparison, paired t-test and between group comparison independent-t test was used (significance level p<0.05). Results: The obtained result showed that after 12 weeks, no significant differences in fat percentage, WHR, glucose, insulin, and Visfatin levels and insulin resistance index among the two groups were detected. Significant decrease in body composition including weight, and BMI was observed in case group (p<0.05). Conclusions: One can conclude that the 12-week aerobic exercise cannot reduce the levels of visfatin, but can reduce the BMI.  2944 Nutrition Sciences Evaluation of the effect of conjugated linoleic acids supplementation on blood pressure and body composition of 20-27 year old males: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial Tajmanesh Milad Aryaeian Naheed Hosseini Mostafa Mazaheri Reza Kordi Ramin Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 45 55 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Although the effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids (CLAs) on blood pressure and body composition is revealed in several in vitro and animal studies, the results of human studies are controversial. The purpose of the current clinical double blind trial was to determine the effect of 2 months CLA supplementation on blood pressure and body composition of non trained healthy young male students. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 66 non trained healthy male students. Before and after eight weeks supplementation with 4´0.8g.d-1 CLA or placebo (soybean oil), lean body mass and fat mass were measured with BIA, trunk and visceral fat and waist circumference were measured with ViScan. Physical activity amount and dietary intake of participants were similar together, because they lived in dorms. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS16 software, the statistical tests being analysis of covariance, Independent sample t test, paired-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: CLA supplementation had no effect on blood pressure, lean body mass, body fat mass, trunk and visceral fat and waist circumference. Conclusions: These results show that CLA does not affect on body composition and blood pressure in non trained young male students.  2945 Medical The comparison of effectiveness of Cyriax deep transverse friction massage with ultrasound therapy in lateral epicondylitis of humerus: a randomized clinical trial Kharabian Shahram Mazaherinejad Ali Angorani Hooman Vaziri Mohammad Dadgostar Haleh Pishgah Roodsari Mohadeseh Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 56 65 24 02 2014 24 02 2014   Background: Lateral epicondylalgia of Humerus is the most common type of overuse injuries with different methods of treatment controversial. This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Cyriax deep friction massage versus Ultrasound (US) plus passive stretching on lateral epicondylalgia.   Methods : In this study, patient with more than 6 weeks pain in lateral epicondyl were included. Evaluation of Pain via visual analog scale (VAS) in daily activities, resisted wrist extension, resisted middle finger extension, resisted fingers 2 to 5 extension, local tenderness and finally pain-free grip strength were assessed in all eligible patients. Patients randomized in two therapeutic groups. Pulsed ultrasound for 8 minutes plus passive stretching after that for 10 sessions in every other day was the selected intervention in the control group. Experimental group received 7 minutes of deep transverse friction massage plus mill’s manipulation in the end of each intervention for 5 sessions in every other day. All variables were assessed in follow up sessions including last therapeutic session then 1, 2 and   4 weeks followed the last therapeutic session. Inter and intra groups analysis were performed by Independent samples T Test, Repeated measure analysis and paired-sample T Test respectively.   Results: Fifty patients (Deep friction massage=28 and Ultrasound=22) completed their therapeutic and 4 weeks follow up. In Deep friction massage group 75% were woman and 25% were man, while in Ultrasound group 86.4% were woman and 13.6% were man. The mean age of patients in Ultrasound group and Deep friction massage group is 48.8 and 46.1 respectively. Affected extremity in 62% patients is their dominant arm. In Ultrasound group, difference in pain score (VAS) in daily life and local tenderness variables before and after the therapy is significant (p0.05). In Deep friction massage group, significant improvement is observed in all variables (p0.05), However in other time intervals, it is reported (p<0.05). Furthermore, in the rest of variables, we observe a significant improvement in all the groups and time intervals (p<0.05).   Conclusions: It is concluded that in short term, Cyriax physiotherapy is statistically more effective than pulsed ultrasound plus passive stretching in improvement of lateral epicondylalgia. 2946 Nutrition Sciences The effects of virgin olive oil-rich diet on anthropometric parameters and aminotransferases in non alcoholic fatty liver patients with weight loss diet Bahrololumi Samaneh Sadat Farzad Shidfar Farzad Jazaeri Shima hoseini Vahid Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 66 77 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: Elevated liver enzymes are markers of liver steatosis and metabolic syndrome. There is a strong relation between the increase of aminotransferase levels and with cardiovascular complications, independent of all aspects of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of virgin olive oil on ALT and AST and anthropometric parameters in the NAFLD patients with weight loss diet. Methods: This clinical trial was carried out on 50 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (mean age of 45.91 ±9.61 years, mean BMI 29.7 ± 0.58 Kg/m2). Subjects were randomly assigned into A group (receiving the equivalent of 20% of total daily energy requirement from olive oil) or B (receiving their normal consumption of oil) for 12 weeks. All the patients received a hypocaloric diet during the study. At the beginning and end of the study, dietary assessment, anthropometric parameters and serum levels of ALT and AST were measured. Results: At the end of the study a significant decrease in BMI, weight and waist circumstances were observed in both the groups. But there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups. There was a significant difference in ALT and AST in A group as compared to B group. Conclusions: The consumption of diet enriched with olive oil along with slight weight reduction reinforces desired effects of weight lost in decreasing the hepatic enzymes.  2947 Sports Physiotherapy Effect of oxidants on the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase enzyme gene expression in active men and women: influenced by intensive aerobic exercise Tartibian Bakhtiar Baghaiee Behrouz Baradaran Behzad Urmia University Urmia University Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 1 2 2014 20 116 78 87 24 02 2014 24 02 2014  Background: The aim of this research was to determine the Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) gene expression and the impact of oxidant and inflammatory markers on Mn SOD gene expression in active men and women. Methods: This research was a semi-experimental with repetitious measurement, and 24 active men (12) and women (12) (21-23 years) voluntarily participated in this research after completing the consent form. Venous blood samples were taken in three stages prior to exercise test, immediately and 3 hr after exercise test (Recovery). SYBER Green PCR Master mix reagent Kit and Real-time PCR method were used for Mn SOD gene expression and Eutoanalyzer for measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Results: The mRNA Mn SOD did not significantly increase at any time of exercise in men (p≥0.05). But mRNA Mn SOD significant increased in the recovery state in women (= 0.006). In the men group, MDA activity was higher than the basal state in recovery and immediately of exercise (respectively, p= 0.012 and p= 0.014), but significantly increased in recovery state in women (p= 0.002). LDH levels significantly increased immediately and in the recovery state only in women group (p= 0.009 and p= 0.026). Also there was a significant relationship between MDA activity and Mn SOD gene expression in active men (p= 0.001). Conclusions: From the results of this study it can be found that the oxidants are effective factors on attenuation of Mn SOD gene expression during intensive exercise in active individual.