@article{ author = {BarzegariFirouzabadi, F and Javid, A and RezaeiZarchi, S}, title = {An in vitro Study of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and α-tocopherol Effects on the Maturation of Preantral Follicle-Enclosed Oocytes from Immature Mice}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocyte is a promising technique to reduce the costs and avert the side effects of gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF). To better characterize the nature and impact of different hormones and important parameters on the growth and in vitro maintenance of oocyte, the present study was done. The purpose of this study is in vitro investigation of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and α-tocopherol effects on the maturation of preantral follicle-enclosed oocytes from immature miceMaterial and Method: Intact preantral follicles were isolated from the ovaries of 6-week-old female mice and cultured in TCM-199 medium. Preantral follicles of immature mice were studied during a culture period of 6 days in the presence of 5, 20, 40, 60, 100, 140, 180 and 220 mIU/ml FSH and 20, 40, 80, 240, 300 and 400 nmol/ml of α-tocopherol (vitamin E). Follicles were cultured in an incubator at 37 °C, 92 % humidity and 5% CO2 in air. The effects of several materials were surveyed on follicle diameter, survival, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and oocyte maturation rates. Our study was experimental. The entire statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 14.0) and one-way ANOVA.Results: 100 IU/l FSH showed a significant increase in follicle diameter (190 ± 5µm), survival (91% ± 4), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) (81% ± 3) and oocyte maturation rates (59% ± 6). Vitamin E showed an increase in survival rate but unaffected diameter, GVBD and oocyte maturation rates. The medium containing α-tocopherol and FSH showed a marked increase in all parameters including follicle diameter (210 ± 5µm), survival (95% ± 3), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) (93% ± 3) and oocyte maturation rates (76% ± 5).Conclusion: It is concluded that FSH and α-tocopherol increase the maturation rate of follicles and enclosed oocytes, but if they are supplied in a combination, this growth rate can increase more significantly.}, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FSH) 2) α-tocopherol (Vitamin E) 3) Preantral Follicles 4)Oocyte}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {7-15}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1462-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1462-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Babaii, F and Zare, S and Heidari, R and Farrokhi, F}, title = {Effect of Melatonin on Depression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Any disturbance in the function of central aminergic system is the main cause of depression in diabetes. Since most of the available antidepressants have limitations, it is necessary to research other options of treatment. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the possible antidepressant effect of melatonin on diabetic rats.Material and Method: This experimental study involved 40 male Wistar rats weighing 200±20 gr. The animals were divided into four groups: control, melatonin, diabetic, and melatonin-treated diabetic. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. 72 hours after diabetes induction, melatonin (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was injected for 5 weeks. At the end of administration period, the modified forced swimming test (MFST) and the open-field test were used for evaluation of depression and its possible mechanism. The MFST evaluated climbing, swimming and immobility periods and the locomotor activity was evaluated by the open-field test. The experimental data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test, using  the software package SPSS v.15.Results: The swimming test shows that diabetes causes a significant (p<0.05) increase in immobility and climbing periods (as depression and noradrenergic system activity indices respectively) as compared with the control group. The swimming time (as serotonergic system activity index) and the locomotor activity (as dopaminergic system activity index) were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in diabetic rats as compared with the control group. Daily melatonin injection to diabetic rats significantly (p<0.05) modified all mentioned behavioral indices as compared with the diabetic group. Melatonin significantly (p<0.05) decreased the locomotor activity in non-diabetic rats as compared with the control group, whereas it did not have any significant effects on swimming, climbing or immobility periods in these animals.Conclusion: Melatonin has antidepressant effects in diabetes through modifying central aminergic system.}, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Diabetes 2) Melatonin 3) Depression 4) Swimming Test}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {16-24}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1463-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1463-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {HajEbrahim, S and Bastani, P and Hamedani, R and Badiee, S}, title = {Predictive Value of Intraoperative Hematuria for Bladder Rupture Caused by Passing Tunnlers during Suburethral Sling for Stress Urinary Incontinence}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Bladder wall perforation is one of important complications in suburethral sling procedures. The aim of the present study is to assess predictive value of intraoperative   hematuria for bladder rupture caused by passing tunnlers during suburethral sling.Patients and Method: 250 females with stress urinary incontinence were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from October 2004 to July 2008.The ICIQ-SF questionnaire was filled in for all the subjects, and urogynecological examinations including assessment of pelvic organs prolaps and stress test were performed on them. All of the cases underwent IVS surgery and bladder wall perforation was assessed in all patients with or without intraoperative hematuria by cystoscopy. Statistic analysis based on acquired data was done afterward.Results: The mean age of the patients was 41 ± 6.3 years. 15 out of 250 cases had intraoperative hematuria during the surgery, and in 13 cases bladder wall perforation was seen in cystoscopic control. On the other hand, there were 2 cases of hematuria without bladder wall perforation. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were 86.6%, 96.6% and 100% respectively.Conclusion: Intraoperative hematuria can be considered as a predictive test for bladder wall perforation, and cystoscopic evaluation is necessary for these patients. }, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Urinary Incontinence 2) Bladder Wall Perforation 3) Suburethral Sling}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {25-30}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1464-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1464-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Noori, F and Hashemi, S.M and Khosravi, A.R and AkhavanTabib, A and Golshadi, I and DanaSiadat, Z and Bahonar, A and Zarfeshani, S and Alikhasi, H and Rezaee, SH}, title = {The Relationship between Weight and CVD Risk Factors in a Sample Population of Central Part of Iran (Based on IHHP)}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of mortality all around the world. Obesity is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).  In this respect, we decided to examine the effect of subgroups of weight on cardiovascular risk factors.Patients and Method: This cross-sectional study was done in 2006 using the data obtained by Iranian Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) and based on classification of obesity by the World Health Organization (WHO). In this study, based on Framingham risk score, Metabolic Measuring Score (MMS) and  classification of obesity, the samples were tested. Chi-square and  ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results: 12514 persons with a mean age of 38 participated in this study.  6.8% of women and 14% of men had high education (more than diploma). Obesity was seen in women more than men : 56.4 % of women and 40% of men had Body Mass Index (BMI) ³25 Kg/m2. 13% of the subjects had  FBS>110 and 13.9% of them were using hypertensive drugs. In this study, we found out that all risk factors rose in line  with an increase in  weight, except HDL cholesterol in men. This finding is also confirmed by Framingham flowchart for men and women. Conclusion: One of every two American persons, in all ages and both sexes, have Body Mass Index (BMI) ³25 Kg/m2. Obesity combines with CVD and also serious diseases. Many studies in different countries have been done to find the relationship between obesity CVD risk factors. For example,  in the U.S.A and Canada they found out that weight parameters increase by age and also systolic and diastolic blood pressure like lipid profile increasing in overweight or obese people (in both sexes). Also, another study done in China, which is a country in Asia like Iran, shows that BMI has an indirect effect on HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride. This data is the same as our results. In China they found that this relationship in men is stronger than women, but our study reveals the opposite. }, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Body Mass Index (BMI) 2) Overweight 3) Cardiovascular Risk Factors 4)Framingham Risk Score 5) Metabolic Syndrome}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1465-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1465-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Fallah, S and Ja'farzadeh, M and Hedayati, M and HajiHosseini, R}, title = {Association of M55V Polymorphism of Sumo4 with Type 2 Diabetes}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Sumo4 has recently been found to be mainly expressed in kidney. Single nucleotide polymorphism, which is detected in sumo4, replaces a highly conserved methionine with a valine (M55V) residue. This variant of sumo4 may induce higher nuclear factor–KB (NFKB) activity because NFKB is known to mediate the development of diabetic nephropathy.Patients and Method: This study involved 50 patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 healthy subjects. The M55V polymorphism of sumo4 was genotyped by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. The serum glucose concentration was measured by enzymatic method. Students' t-test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data.Results: The frequency of sumo4 AA, GA and GG was 20%, 44% and 36% in the case group and 26%, 50% and 24% in the control group respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that the sumo4 M55V variant is not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility, suggesting that it may not be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.}, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Diabetes 2) Polymorphism 3) Mutation 4) Restriction Enzyme 5) Sumo4 Gene}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {42-48}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1466-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1466-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Kadivar, M and Rezaee, M and Jadidfard, R and Joulaee, A}, title = {Evaluation of Histopathology and Biologic Markers in Premenopausal (under 40 years) and Postmenopausal (over 60 years) Women with Breast Cancer in Hazrat-e-Rasoul and Atieh Hospitals}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of carcinoma death in women.One of the factors which have been proposed in prognosis and treatment of breast carcinoma is hormonal status and hormonal receptors.  In this study, we investigated histopathology(prognostic factors) and biologic markers(estrogen receptor ER, progesterone receptor PR, P53, HER2/neu and Ki-67) in premenopausal(under 40 years) and postmenopausal(over 60 years) patients with breast cancer who were admitted to Hazrat-e-Rasoul and Atieh hospitals in Tehran.Patients and Method: This analytical cross-sectional study involved 60 cases of premenopausal breast cancer and 57 cases of postmenopausal breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was done for ER, PR, P53, HER2/neu and Ki-67 and the results were evaluated by an expert pathologist. All histopathologic data were gathered. The results were analyzed by SPSS v.12 software, Students' t-test, and Chi-square test.Results: There were no significant differences between tumor size, lymph node, histologic grade, stage, ER, PR and HER2/neu in both groups. Ki-67 was high in premenopausal group, but not significant. P53 incidence was significantly higher in premenopausal group (Chi2 value=4.35, P=0.037).Conclusion: This study did not prove the differences in histopathologic factors between pre and post menopausal groups of breast cancer. Hormone dependency of this cancer did not show any significant difference between those two groups. HER2/neu is an independent prognostic factor in cancer outcome prediction. High incidence of Ki-67 and significantly high incidence of P53 in premenopausal patients with breast cancer may reflect some etiologic differences between early and late onset of breast cancer.}, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Breast Cancer 2) Premenopausal and Postmenopausal 3) Biologic Markers}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {49-57}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1467-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1467-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Taghavi, S.A and Kazemi, A and RastegarLari, GH and Ala, F and Rasoolzadegan, M}, title = {Identification of Five Novel Mutations in Platelet GPIbα Gene among Iranian Bernard-Soulier Patients}, abstract ={    Background & Aim: Bernard-Soulier syndrome (B.S.S) is a rare hereditary bleeding disorder due to molecular defects of platelet GPIb–IX–V. The GPIb-IX-V complex is composed of four chains of GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX and GPV.  The largest chain of this complex is GPIbα and is responsible for binding to ligand and most of identified mutations belong to this glycoprotein.  The aim of  this  study was to identify the molecular defects of GPIbα gene in Iranian Bernard-Soulier  patients. Patients and Method: Twelve Bernard-Soulier patients were selected from data base of bleeding disorders in Comprehensive Clinic of Iranian Hemophilia Center. Diagnostic criteria for B.S.S were based on phenotypic analysis such as platelet counts, inspection of peripheral blood smear and lack of response to restocetin agonist. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood leukocytes of the patients and their parents. The entire amino acid coding region in exon 2 from GPIbα was divided into five overlapping fragments and PCR amplification was done. Finally, sequence analysis of the coding regions that contain DNA heteroduplexes in CSGE gels was performed.Results: Sequence analysis revealed five novel mutations in GPIbα. The mutations include ACCGGCT deletion, GGA insertion in 419-425 position, missense mutations in T709C, G710A and C1759T, and the deletion of 20 nucleotides in 1800-1819 position. All five novel mutations were registered in International Gene Bank and for each mutation  RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) design was created. Conclusion: In the present study, the molecular defects of GPIbα gene was investigated and five novel mutations were identified among Iranian BSS patients.}, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Bernard-Soulier Syndrome 2) Glycoprotein Ibα 3) Sequence Analysis 4) Mutation}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {58-66}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1468-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1468-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Mottaghi, P and Karimifar, M and Salesi, M and Karimzadeh, H and SeyedBonakdar, Z and Ja'fari, SH}, title = {Parenchymal Lung Involvement in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis Admitted to Isfahan’s Noor and Al-Zahra Hospitals}, abstract ={    Background & Aim:Systemic sclerosis is a multisystem autoimmune disorder with multiple organ involvements characterized by inflammation and fibrosis involving the skin as well as internal organs.  Pulmonary involvement consists of interstitial fibrosis and pulmonary vascular disease has an important effect on the course and survival of these patients. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of parenchymal lung disease and related factors in patients with systemic sclerosis admitted to Isfahan's Noor and Al-Zahra hospitals.Patients and Method: In a prospective, descriptive and analytic study, we studied all patients with systemic sclerosis, according to American College of rheumatology, who were referred to rheumatologic clinics of  Noor and Al-Zahra hospitals in Isfahan between 2002 and 2008. Information consisting of demographic data, severity of skin involvement, serologic tests, course, and results of work up for lung involvement was gathered  and analyzed using quantitative tests for independent variables.Results: Among 50 patients, most were females and in the age range 30-50. Mean duration for the onset of symptoms and diagnosis of lung involvement was 4.5 years and only half of the patients were symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. The severity of skin involvement was greater in patients with lung involvement (26  ±9 vs. 15± 7).Conclusion: Prevalence and severity of organ involvement in systemic sclerosis can be variable according to environmental and genetic factors.In this study, we did not find any relation between age of onset and parenchymal lung disease. The prevalence of parenchymal lung involvement was similar to other reports, suggesting the importance of this complication.  }, Keywords = {Key Words: 1) Systemic Sclerosis 2) Parenchyma 3) Lung}, volume = {17}, Number = {72}, pages = {67-72}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1469-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1469-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2010} }