@article{ author = {shahrokh, Hossein and Guran, Farshad and kaffashnayeri, Reza and momeni, Seyedali and momtazan, Abdolrez}, title = {The results of treatment and survival of Non-hilar clamping Simple enucleation in patients with Renal cell carcinoma (T1)}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome and survival in patients with RCC treated with non-hilar clamping simple enucleation. Methods: In this case series study, all patients in Hashemi Nejad Hospital in Tehran undergone non-hilar clamping simple enucleation surgery in the years 1383 to 1393 by RCC T1 enrolled the study. Exclusion criteria included the presence of multi-focal RCC, synchronous mass in patients, the existence of positive lymph nodes before or during surgery and radical nephrectomy due to past RCC. 134 patients undergoing partial nephrectomy in tumors T1 (T1a, T1b) studied, 9 patients has not completed the follow up and 10 patients had oncocytoma and angiomyolipoma excluded the study. 115 patients with RCC pathology who undergone non-hilar clamping Simple Enucleation were examined. Results: In this case series study, 115 patients with pathologically confirmed RCC were evaluated on the basis that 70patients were male and 45 were female. Patients have ranged in age from 20 to 75 years old and 51.28 year. Average figure of 97% progression free survival at three-year and five-year study was 89%. Also three-year study of cancer specific survival at five years was 100% and 95% respectively. Patients who have relapsed 2 female and 2 were male. The recurrence was not significantly associated with gender (p= 0.511). Also 2 patients had recurrence of the left kidney and 2 were all right and there was no statistically significant difference (p= 0.643). Every 4 patients recurrent disease have T1b the difference was significant (p= 0.026). Also patients had recurrence of grade 2 to grade 1 patients have high grade recurrence was observed (p<0.001). No significant difference was found between GFR before and 3 months after surgery (p= 0.802) and a biopsy of the tumor bed margins were negative in all cases. Conclusion: Non-clamping SE in patients with T1 renal masses is similar to partial nephrectomy is onchologic results. In this study, recurrence was higher in patients with T1b tumors that appear in determining treatment and close follow-up T1 b should be more comprehensive criteria. Non clamping SE preserving kidney function is a good choice in the treatment of T1 tumors. Non clamping SE more complications following surgery and that could be more widely used.  }, Keywords = {Renal Cell Carcinoma, Non-hilar clamping simple enucleation, Survival}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3813-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3813-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Atashak, Sirvan and Batourak, Kawe and Azizbeigi, Kamal}, title = {The effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training on metabolic syndrome factors and acylated ghrelin in middle- age women}, abstract ={Background: The results of the studies indicated that exercise training may decrease the metabolic syndrome factors. Hence, the present study conducted to evaluate the effect of moderate- intensity aerobic exercise on metabolic syndrome risk factors and acylated ghrelin in middle- age women. Methods: In a quasi-experimental design, twenty-four middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome that voluntarily participated in this research assigned into two control (n=12) and aerobic training (n=12) groups. Training group was participated in aerobic exercise program that including walking and jogging with 60-70% HRR intensity for 8 weeks (three times per week). Status appetite of subjects and venous blood samples were collected before and after training program. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and ANCOVA tests. Results: The results indicated that aerobic training caused a significant reduction in the MetS Z scores, waist circumference, triglyceride, blood pressure, satiety, total caloric intake and significant increase in the acylated ghrelin plasma concentrations, high density lipoprotein, amount of protein consumption and hunger sensations in the training group (p<0.05). While no significant changes were observed found of these parameters in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Eight-week aerobic training can decrease the metabolic syndrome risk factors and increase satiety in middle-aged women. However, to understand the exact mechanism, further research is needed.  }, Keywords = {Aerobic exercise training, Metabolic syndrome, Acylated ghrelin, Middle-aged women}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {10-20}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4715-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4715-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {abbaspour, Maryam and Rajabi, Zahra and SoltanDallal, Mohammad Mehdi and Yazdani, Akram}, title = {Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Enterococci species isolated from packed and unpacked dried vegetables distributed in Tehran}, abstract ={Background: Enterococci are gram-positive cocci that have frequently been isolated from animal and vegetable foods. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of enterococci isolated from seven types of vegetables randomly selected from grocery stores in Tehran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 140 samples were collected from April to October 2015. Enterococci were detected in samples using the Gram stain and biochemical tests such as catalase reaction, and hydrolyze bile esculin and identified at the species level by the common biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test of isolates with six antibiotics was also done using the disc diffusion method. Results: Eighty-four out of 140 (60%) samples showed enterococci. Of these, 72.6% belonged to the species Enterococcus faecium. The results showed that 10, 6, 5, 1 and 1 isolates were E.durans, E. gallinarum, E. faecium, E. avium and E.casseliflavus respectively. Low percentages of microorganisms were resistant to tetracycline (15%), ampicillin (4%), and chloramphenicol (4%). A high percentage of microorganisms were resistant to gentamicin (93%), vancomycin (48%), and erythromycin (32%). Conclusion: The results revealed contamination of dried vegetables in Tehran. According to the findings, we conclude that training of dealers and food suppliers are necessary and healthy principals should be followed. Also, supervision on food packing and storage should be considered to prevent food microbial contamination.  }, Keywords = {Vegetables, Enterococcus, Antibiotic resistance, Tehran}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {21-29}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4687-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4687-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ekhtiari, Somaieh and raeeszadeh, mahdieh and mostafavi, Sayed Abolfazl}, title = {The comparative evaluation of the procurement, distribution and administration of drug in pharmacies of Kermanshah city to the standard of Food and Drug Organization}, abstract ={Background: Supervision of drug affairs is one of the highly important affairs of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education. This study was to evaluate the pharmacies of Kermanshah City based on the standard of Food and Drug Organization. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic one which was carried out on 60 pharmacies in Kermanshah. The evaluative questionnaire developed by Food and Drug organization was used to collect data and its content validity and reliability estimating Cronbach’s alpha were confirmed. The data were analyzed descriptively (mean and standard deviation) and inferentially (T-test and Friedman rank sum test) Results: The findings of the study revealed that pharmacy space, prescription status, refrigerated medicinal products, licenses, and general status of pharmacies of Kermanshah are not in parallel with the related standards, but the status of medicine and treatment services, production of synthesis drugs, following the related instructions, warehousing condition, provision of pharmaceutical scientific resources, and interaction with other pharmacy-related organizations matched the standard well. There was also a significant difference between private and public pharmacies. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research study, the status of preparation, storing, and delivery of medicine in Kermanshah is in line with the standards but in some cases there was a relative adaptation. Constant and concise supervision of the Food and Drug Organization, and public and private informing through educational brochures and related workshops for pharmacies’ managers and personnel’s can promote the current status.  }, Keywords = {Drug procurement and administration, Pharmacy, Kermanshah City, Standards of Food and Drug Organization }, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {30-38}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4658-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4658-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ramzani, alireza and nasirisemnani, sar}, title = {Effects of preparation caused by Ischemic-Reperfusion along sodium bicarbonate supplementation on submaximal dynamic force production}, abstract ={Background and Aims: Sodium bicarbonate is a supplementation that used to reduce fatigue and increase power output in short-term training. On the other hand, the Ischemic Reperfusion Preconditioning (IRPC) is appropriate stimulus to increase the submaximal contractile response. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ischemic Reperfusion Precondition in along with sodium bicarbonate supplementation on submaximal dynamic force generation. Materials and methods: 9 female student-athlete in double-blind randomized crossover design were three mode, sodium bicarbonate + IRPC, sodium bicarbonate and placebo+ IRPC. Participants move forward single arm dumbbell hand with a weight of 2 kg can be carried out most frequently. Every three training conditions records were collected. Plasma lactate concentration after the test was measured in all three conditions. In group IRPC, before testing the upper hand was under partial restriction of blood flow (BFR) for three minutes and after 1 minute reperfusion, motion carried. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni test at a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The results showed that plasma lactate concentration and records of sodium bicarbonate + IRPC and sodium bicarbonate conditions were significantly difference compared to placebo + IRPC (Respectively p=0.001, p=0/02). Conclusion: According to the research findings, bicarbonate supplementation in IRPC training condition increased force and delay fatigue in submaximal dynamic contraction}, Keywords = {Preconditioning, Ischemic / Reperfusion}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {39-48}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4600-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4600-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Pirnia, Bijan and Janbozorg, Masoud and Pirnia, Kambiz}, title = {Comparing the Depression Symptoms and Gender Differences in Individuals Dependent and Independent to Methamphetamine and the Relation of These Symptoms with Plasma Cortisol Level, a Cross-Sectional Study}, abstract ={Background: Methamphetamine is a psychostimulant drug that is highly addictive and causes epigenetic changes that is associated with symptoms of depression. The aim of the present study is comparing age and gender differences in individuals dependent and independent to methamphetamine and examining the relation of depression with the level of cortisol. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 55 methamphetamine users with diagnosis of depression (29 men and 26 women) and also 65 non-users depressed patients (30 men and 35 women) among who referred to three stimulant treatment centers in Tehran were selected using purposeful sampling method and were assigned into four groups. Evaluating the level of plasma cortisol hormone was done using radioimmunoassay method (RIA) and depression symptoms were evaluated using Depression Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, multivariate variance analysis and Pierson correlation. Results: The results showed the level of cortisol in two groups of male and female Meth users was higher than two groups of non-users (p<0.05). Also, there is a significant relationship between the level of cortisol and depression in Meth users (p<0.05). This relationship is stronger in women than men. Also, age index in users had lower than two groups of non-users (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study can be useful in the process of preventing and treating addiction. Using chemotherapy in creating changes in cortisol levels with the aim of controlling usage relapse can be an appropriate path for future research in this field.               }, Keywords = {Cortisol, Methamphetamine, Depression, Addiction, Gender Differences}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {49-56}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4549-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4549-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Halvaei, Iman and Khalili, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Cosmetic microsurgery improves implantation and pregnancy rates in patients with history of implantation failure}, abstract ={Background: To evaluate the effect of fragment removal and coarse granulation removal from the perivitelline space (cosmetic microsurgery) on rates of implantation and pregnancy in patients with a history of implantation failure. Methods: Thirty intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with etiology of male factor and history of implantation failure were included in this prospective randomized study. The patients were divided into three groups of experiment (n=10), sham (n=10) and control (n=10). Embryos with ≥10% and ≤50% were entered the study. In the experiment group, fragments and coarse granules were removed from embryos before transfer into the uterus. In the sham group, laser assisted zona hatching was performed and in the control group no intervention was done. Implantation and pregnancy rates were compared between different groups. SPSS was used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for evaluating numerical data and categorical data were compared between the groups using chi-square test. Results: No significant differences were seen in terms of age, duration of infertility, serum estradiol, LH, FSH, ovulation induction protocol between the three groups. Also, the number of retrieved oocytes, metaphase II oocytes, fertilized oocytes, embryo formation rate and transferred embryos were similar between groups. Fragments pattern (localized or diffused), size and degree of embryo fragmentation (14.5±4.9%, 24.6±5.6% and 21.5±4.3%, in experiment, sham and control groups respectively) were similar between groups. However, the rates of implantation and clinical pregnancy in the experiment group (35% and 70%, respectively) were significantly higher compared with the sham (10% and 30.8%, respectively) and control (0% and 0%, respectively) groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The cosmetic micromanipulation of human embryos at the cleavage stage improves rates of implantation and pregnancy in patients with previous history of failed implantation.}, Keywords = {fragment removal, coarse granulation removal, implantation failure, pregnancy}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {57-65}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4473-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4473-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {kuhpayehzadeh, jalil and Afsharpor, Sodabeh and Naghizadehmooghari, Zahr}, title = {Psychometric Adequacy of The Persian Version of The DELES questionnaire to evaluate the educational environment of environment of IUMS}, abstract ={Background: The assessing of distance education learning environments is the key to high-quality student-centered curriculum. A comprehensive, valid and reliable tool is essential in order to lead such evaluation. One of the patterns to measure the learning environment is DELES (distance education learning environments survey) measurement tool which is a specialized questionnaire to assess distance learning environment setting. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytic study. The study population is the distance medical education students of Iran University of medical science in master of sciences. The method of collecting data on the implementation of this project was census sampling method and the sample size included 150 students. Content and face validity was evaluated with 20 experts familiar with clinical education and structural validity evaluated using factor analysis method. Reliability stability was assessed through test - retest and internal consistency reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha co-efficiency and whole data analyzed using SPSS 16 Software. Results: The DELES Questionnaire with an average score of 77.10 ± 17.8 (64%) of 120 was obtained good rating in the assessment. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. Average content validity of the ratio (CVR) 0.30 was calculated, and 12 questions eliminated at this stage. Content validity of the Index (CVI) was calculated 0.42. In exploratory factor analysis of KMO, 0.856 was achieved, and the Bartlett test was significant: (p≤0.0001) Seven factors were confirmed that basis of a few questions was changed (coverage of variance=73.739%). Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.937. Conclusion: The modified "DELES" Questionnaire in Persian language including 30 questions was presented with appropriate psychometric conditions that could be applied to assess distance education learning environments in medical education students of our country.}, Keywords = {Educational Environment, DELES questionnaire, Validity and reliability}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {66-75}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4428-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4428-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kargaran, Elham Kargaran and Ghaemi, Fatemeh and Dortaj, fariborz and MohammadHosseinMajdRezaee, Mohammad Hossein and Rasooli, Vahi}, title = {The Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Stress Coping Strategies in Patients under Chemotherapy and Dialysis Treatment}, abstract ={Abstract Background: A lot of studies have shown the relationship between personality and stress coping strategies. Patients under chemotherapy and hemodialysis patients experience much stress during treatment. Therefore, the aim of the present study was examining the relationship between personality and stress coping strategies in these patients.   Methods: The present study was correlational. Among patients who referred to Shohadaye Tajrish and Shahid Modares hospitals in Tehran, 160 patients( 80 individuals of each disease) were selected in an available sampling method. NEO Personality Questionnaire and Stressful Conditions Coping Styles Questionnaire by Parker and Andler were the tools used in the study. Findings: The findings showed there is a significant negative relationship between neurosis and problem-oriented solving strategy, there is a significant negative relationship between flexibility and avoidant coping style and there is a significant positive relationship between neurosis and avoidant coping style. Conclusion: Personality dimensions such as neurosis and flexibility can be the predictor of stress coping strategy in hemodialysis patients.}, Keywords = {Key words: Personality dimensions, Stress coping styles, Dialysis, Chemotherapy. }, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {76-82}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4618-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4618-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rasoolinajad, mehrnaz and abedinia, nasrin and Noorbala, Ahmad Ali and Mohraz, Minoo and Moradmand, Banefsheh}, title = {Effect of Mental Health, Coping Mechanisms and Stigma on Risky Behaviors in HIV Positive Patients in Iran - a Cross-Sectional Study}, abstract ={Background: Unfortunately, during the past years an increase in HIV infection is reported, especially through high-risk sexual relations. In this study, the effect of stigma, mental health and coping mechanisms on risky behaviors in HIV-positive patients were examined. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. Using convienient sampling method 450 HIV-positive patients were enrolled from Behavioral and Infectious Disease Clinic in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire, Berger Scale Stigma, General Health-28 Questionnaire, and Lazarus coping strategies questionnaire (WOCQ). The data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA and regression. Results: Mental health, stigma and coping mechanisms of problem solving were associated with risky behaviors (p<0.05) and rate of stigma was more in women and mental health lower in this group compared with men. Conclusion: Psychological interventions may be effective in improving mental health and reducing risk behaviors.  }, Keywords = {Key words: Social Stigma, Mental Health, Coping skills, Risk Behavior, HIV/AIDS}, volume = {24}, Number = {159}, pages = {83-93}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4685-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4685-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} }