@article{ author = {Mostafa, maryam sadat and Ostovar, zohreh and Danesh, esmat}, title = {Comparing social problem solving ability and risk-taking behaviors in patients with AIDS and healthy individuals}, abstract ={Background: The present study aimed to compare social problem solving ability and risk-taking in patients with AIDS and healthy individuals. Methods: In the research study, 50 patients aged 20 to 45 years with AIDS referred to Valfajr Health Center Tehran in 2013 were assessed. Also, 50 healthy individuals were considered as the control. To evaluate the ability to solve a social problem, specific questionnaire for social problem solving and for assessing the risk-taking, the risk-taking questionnaire were used. Results: The results showed that there was significant difference in social problem solving ability and risk-taking behaviors between two study groups (with AIDS and healthy individuals). There was significant difference in all subscales of social problem solving ability (positive problem orientation, negative problem orientation, rational problem solving, avoidant style, impulsivity/carelessness style). There was significant difference in the rate of risk taking in the two groups. Conclusion: The AIDS patients benefit more from negative problem orientation, impulsivity/carelessness style and avoidance style compared to healthy individuals. Also, the rate of risk-taking is higher in AIDS patients. Moreover, risk-taking in different styles of social problem solving is different in these patients compared to normal subjects.    }, Keywords = {AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), Social problem solving ability, Risk taking}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4067-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4067-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The relationship between sodium intake and some bone health indices in retired female employees in Yazd}, abstract ={Background: Excessive consumption of fast foods that are high in salt is one of the most important aspects of changes in food habits. The results of Studies on the effects of sodium on bone metabolism have been inconsistent. Definitive answer to the question that Sodium restriction can be associated with a lower incidence of osteoporosis is lacking. What the necessity of designing this study reinforces is the lack of findings with the approach of examining the effects of sodium on bone in our country. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on 185 women aged 45 to 70 years pensioner of Ministry of Education. Sodium intake was evaluated in the two forms including 24 hour recall and a 12-hour urine sample. To assess bone health, ORAI index was calculated for each individual. Urinary calcium, phosphorus, potassium and serum vitamin D and PTH were measured. The ANOVA test was used to investigate the association of sodium and laboratory variables. Results: With the increase in urinary sodium, calcium and potassium urinary excretion rate increases. This change is statistically significant respectively (p=0.003), (p=0.001). Changes in urinary sodium levels in those groups ORAI (Sort by rating) is not significant (p=0.933). Conclusion: In this study, although in parallel with high sodium intake, urinary calcium and potassium have been increased, there was no relationship between sodium and ORAI.    }, Keywords = {urinary sodium, urinary calcium, ORAI, bone health}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {9-21}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3842-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3842-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {BorjianFard, Mahboobeh and Choobineh, Siroos and AkbarNejad, Ali and Kordi, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The effect of omega-3 supplementation on pulmonary function in athletics after single bout of exhaustive exercise}, abstract ={Background: Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common problem in athletes that could affect their health and performance.The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of omega-3 supplementation on pulmonary function in female athletes after a single bout of exhaustive exercise. Methods: Twenty two female athletes with mean±SD age 21.2±0.78 years, body mass of 21.2±2.32, and VO2max of 40.5±4.97 participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study. Subjects entered the study on their normal diet, and then received either fish oil capsules containing 3.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 2.2 g docosahexaenoic acid (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] diet; n=11) or placebo capsules containing olive oil (placebo diet; n=11) taken daily for 3 weeks. The pulmonary variables were measured at baseline and at the end of the 3rd week. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. When appropriate, further differences were analyzed by Bonferroni post hoc test. Statistical differences were considered significant at P<0.05. Results: Results indicated that consuming omega-3 during 3 weeks of training had significant positive effect on pulmonary variables such as FEV1, FVC, and PEF (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that consuming omega-3 can improve pulmonary function of the athletes.I It also has a significant protective effect in suppressing EIB in athletes because of reduction in FEV1 decreasing rate after exercise.  }, Keywords = {omega-3 polyunsaturated, fatty acids, single bout of exercise, athletics, spirometry}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {22-31}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2723-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2723-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {niksolat, maryam and minaeian, sara and khodabandelou, niloofar and zandieh, zhaleh}, title = {The effect of probiotics in the prevention of urinary tract infections in elderly patients hospitalized in intensive care units}, abstract ={Background: Urinary tract infections (UITs) are the most common hospital-acquired infections and elderly people hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) are highly susceptible to this infection. In this study, according to the hypothesis that probiotic organisms may represent a safe and effective intervention for control purposes infection, the role of a probiotic consists of four strains of Lactobacillus in the prevention of UITs in elderly patients hospitalized in the ICU were studied. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 50 elderly patients admitted to ICUs. Patients in addition to conventional treatment, received randomly either probiotics contained 107 × 5 CFU viable lyophilized bacteria consisting of 4 strains of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus Gasser and Lactobacillus Plantarm) or placebo, twice a day for seven days. At baseline and on the fourteenth day of the study, two groups in terms of the level of CRP, urine culture test results and leukocyturia were compared. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score and survival status at follow-up one-month also were measured. Results: Probiotics could significantly reduce the number of leukocyturia (p=0.002) and a positive urine culture (p=0.002) in the probiotic group compared to placebo. The use of probiotics had no significant effect on the levels of CRP. Despite the reduction in APACHE II score and lower mortality rates in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Probiotics can significantly prevent UITs in elderly patients hospitalized in the ICU. Administering probiotics led to changes in the urinary tract microflora and reduced the colonization of pathogens. Therefore, probiotics can be considered as an adjunctive therapy in critically ill elderly patients.  }, Keywords = {Probiotics, nosocomial infection, urinary tract infection, elderly patients}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {32-41}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4646-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4646-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jelodar, gholamali and Askari, Kobr}, title = {Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex agnus-castus fruit on fertility and estrous cycle in letrozole- induced polycystic ovary (PCOS) in rat}, abstract ={Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most important endocrine disorders and a common cause of anovulation and infertility in women in the reproductive age. Vite xagnus castus is used as an alternative medicine for treatment of endocrine disorders in women. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex agnus castus on fertility and estrous cycle in rats with induced PCOS. Methods: Following 14 days monitoring of estrous cycles of rats, 28 animals with regular cycles were selected and randomly divided into four groups of control, treatment-control or sham (received 365 mg/kg Vitex extract for 30 days), PCO (received letrozole 1mg/kg for 28 days to induce PCOS) and PCT (treated with Vitex extract 365mg/kg for 30 days after induction of PCOS). Two weeks before and two weeks after treatment estrous cycle of all animals were checked and they were allowed to mate. Litter size and weight of ovaries were measured in the last day. Results: The results showed that estrous cycle of PCO group was irregular and most often stopped in diestrus phase. Ovarian weights significantly increased in PCO group compared to control and sham groups, and none of the animals were pregnant in this group. In the group treated with Vitex extract, litter size did not change significantly, while ovarian weight decreased significantly compared to PCO group. Vitex extract was able to improve the estrous cycle in this group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a positive effect of vitex extract on estrous cycle, ovarian weight and fertility in rats with induced PCOS.  }, Keywords = {Polycystic ovary syndrome, Vitexagnus-castus, estrus cycle, fertility }, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {42-48}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4257-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4257-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghasempour, Hamed and Sadeghi, Heydar and TabatabaiGhomshe, Farh}, title = {The Effects of Eight Weeks Muscular Endurance Training on some Kinematics Gait Parameters in Male Elderly}, abstract ={Background: Regarding the consequences of aging and the elderly, we can refer to gait speed reduction, functional disorder and power reduction. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of eight weeks of muscular endurance trainings on the orderly's gait kinematic parameters. Methods: In the current semi-experimental study, two elderly groups consisting of 18 male participants were divided into control group (average and standard deviation age of: 63.33±1.33 years, height: 1.69±5.83 and weight: 80.26±6.41 kilograms) and experimental group (average age deviation: 64.57±2.88, height: 168±4.26 and weight: 73.84±6.17 kilograms). The experimental group took part in training sessions for eight weeks (two sessions a week) while the control group did not take any treatment. Using Vicon 460, both experimental and control groups were tested based on the parameters before and after the training session. Relatively, the depended and independent sample t tests were used to assess and compare changes within and between groups, at the level of 0.05. Results: There was a significant increase of the step length and gait speed in the experimental group. However, except for the step length, both experimental and control groups showed no significant difference in other parameters. Conclusion: Regarding the obtained results, muscular endurance trainings can be used to improve the elderly's step length and gait speed. This improvement maybe is resulted from the muscular improvement and balance leading to longer steps and more speed.    }, Keywords = {Gait, Elderly, Muscular Endurance Trainings, Kinematic}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {49-55}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3121-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3121-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Adib, hanieh and Dadgostar, Haleh and kaviani, sara and pazouki, abdolreza and marjomaki, omi}, title = {Comparison of supervised exercise therapy with home exercise therapy on anthropometric indices and aerobic capacity in patients who have undergone Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass}, abstract ={Background: Limited studies have evaluated the physical activity, especially the type of exercise, after bariatric surgery. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of exercise therapy on weight indices and cardiovascular factors in patients who have undergone laparoscopic gastric bypass. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial in which 80 obese patients, referring to Obesity Clinic of Hazrat-e-Rasoul Hospital from July 2011 to July 2013, were randomly assigned into two groups (in-home base and supervised exercise therapy) one month after gastric bypass surgery. Cardiovascular factors, weight, waist and hip circumference evaluated at baseline and six months after surgery. Results: Intergroup analysis of weight and waist circumference before and after intervention showed significant decrease in both groups (p<0.001). Intergroup analysis of aerobic capacity showed also significant difference between the two groups, including significant improvement in weight indices, oxygen consumption, heart rate after 6-MWT after supervised exercise programs, compared with home-based exercise (p<0.001). Also, the changes in weight loss, waist circumference and BMI were more significant in supervised exercise programs than the other group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The two supervised and home-based exercise can be successfully used in improvement of the studied parameters. Yet, the supervised exercise is more effective in increasing physical activity and exercise, due to complications after surgery for obese patients, especially in the first few months after surgery.    }, Keywords = {Exercise Therapy, Cardiovascular factor, Gastric Bypass}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {56-63}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3174-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3174-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farokhzad, Pegah and Jannesaran, Mehrzad and Norouzi, Amir and Arabloo, Jalal}, title = {Effect of Emotional Catharsis by Writing on Depression in female Cancer Patients}, abstract ={Background: Cancer is the third-leading cause of death in Iran. Depression is a prevalent disorder in cancer patients. This study was conducted to investigate emotional catharsis by writing on depression in cancer patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental study, before and after design with a control group was conducted on 30 cancer patients referred to the Research Cancer Center affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The patients with cancer completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; 21-items). The patients in the intervention group were asked to writ negative feelings and emotions daily, for four successive weeks and for 20 minutesthis intervention did not do for the control group. After one month, 21-items Beck Depression Inventory was completed by the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and paired t test, t-test, analysis of covariance. Results: The mean scores of the experimental group and the control group, had no significant difference in pre-test (p=0.618) but on post-test scores, the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (p=0.019). The post-test score in the experimental group was significantly lower than the pre-test scores (p=0.000). But were not statistically significant difference in depression scores in the post-test and post-test in control group (p=0.131). There was not statistically different between pre-test and post-test scores of depression by age, marital status and education level of the entire sample, the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: The emotional catharsis is effective on depression in patients with cancer. It is recommended as a cost-effective and efficient method to be used in the care of cancer patients.  }, Keywords = {cancer, depression, emotional catharsis by writing, Iran}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {64-71}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4140-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4140-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sheykhhasan, Mohsen and Mohammadi, Saeed and Nikbakht, Mohsen and Ghiasi, Mahdieh}, title = {The use of platelet-rich plasma in intervertebral disc regeneration: a review of preclinical studies and clinical experiments}, abstract ={Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent disease that usually starts from the third decade of life and it is considered as one of the reasons contributing to social and economic problems. The results of several studies have shown that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has the ability to stimulate cell growth and proliferation of extracellular matrix. However, studies for IDD have so far mostly been restricted. So, further studies are required to clarify the role of PRP on the prevention and treatment of the IDD disease. The purpose of this review article was to summarize and analyze the current preclinical studies and clinical evidence on using platelet-rich plasma in the IDD treatment. Literature search was performed through various combinations of the following keywords: Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Platelet Rich Plasma, PRP, Intervertebral disc regeneration. Papers included in our review cover the period between 2006 and 2016. At the end of the review process, articles related to searches have been evaluated in 2 separate studies as "In vitro" and "In vivo" condition. In this study, several clinical studies and a clinical case study were also evaluated. All the included studies led to positive preclinical and clinical results. The results have shown a positive impact on the use of PRP for the treatment of disc degeneration but it is not possible to draw definitive evidence about the use of PRP in IVD regeneration. In this field, further studies should be done in the future.    }, Keywords = {Platelet rich plasma, intervertebral disc regeneration, intervertebral disc degeneration}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {72-92}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4442-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4442-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Asli, Esmaeil and Sadri, Roy}, title = {Development of ELISA (TOBi) assay for determination of Tetanust toxoid potency}, abstract ={Background: One of the major uses of large number of laboratory animals in manufacturing the vaccines is the quality control testing of vaccines, particularly potency testing of vaccines containing the tetanus toxoids by either lethal challenge or serum neutralization tests. Recently, because of various difficulties to obtain quality laboratory animals and in adequate environmental conditions, a lot of efforts have been made (such as those of World Health Organization’s) to attempt to limit the use of animals (in vivo) in the research in routine quality control of human and veterinary vaccines by in vitro assays such as Toxin Binding Inhibition (ToBi) assay. ToBi assay is based on the inhibition of the binding of toxin to an antitoxin-coated ELISA plate which detects the free toxin into the toxin-serum mixtures. In this study we tried to demonstrate and setting up the parameters of ToBi assay for the tetanus toxoid potency determination compared with serum neutralization test. Methods: Groups of mice were immunized with several of dilutions of reference or test tetanus toxoid vaccines and groups of guinea pigs were also immunized (for Serum Neutralization test) with the dose of half of total human dose of tetanus toxoid vaccines manufactured by Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute. Serum samples were pooled and titrated for levels of tetanus antitoxin by toxin binding inhibition (ToBi) test and by the serum neutralization (SN) test in mice. The ToBi test was carried out by making of Serum dilutions and a fixed amount of tetanus toxin added to each serum dilution. After incubation, the mixtures were transferred on to ELISA plate coated with purified equine anti-tetanus IgG. Then free toxin is detected by addition of HRP labelled equine anti-tetanus IgG. Results: The results were shown to be significantly correlated. The consistency between the ToBi test derived from the in vitro data and from the in vivo data were reliable. The results ranged from 1.8 to 5.3 IU/ml for tetanus toxoid vaccines by ToBi test and 3.3 to 6 IU/ml for tetanus toxoid vaccines by SN in mice. The ToBi test may able to distinguish between highly potent and less potent vaccines. Conclusion:  It is concluded that the ToBi test is an alternative to the in vivo neutralization procedure in the immunogenicity test of the tetanus component in adsorbed vaccines. A substantial refinement and a reduction in use of animals can be achieved. The ToBi test offers distinct advantages in relationship to serum neutralization in mice and lethal challenge tests.  }, Keywords = {ToBi test, Toxoid tetanus, Antibody titration, ELISA test}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {93-99}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4560-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4560-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {BavardiMoghadam, Edris and Shojaedin, Seyed Sadradi}, title = {The effect of eight weeks Aerobic training on functional indicators and range of motion in active older men with knee osteoarthritis}, abstract ={Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease, and the main histopathologic (pathology) tissue in the local destruction of the articular cartilage. This study was done to study the effect of eight weeks aerobic training on functional indicators and range of motion in active older men with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Population includes active older men with knee osteoarthritis in West Azerbaijan. 20 active men who exercised at least twice a week, into two groups of 10 patients were randomly divided. The program was performed on the subjects for 8 weeks, three times a week. Functionality was measured using three tests, and goniometer was used to measure knee range of motion. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), and paired-sample t-test through SPSS v.22 software. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups in, knee range of motion (F= 6, p= 0.021), get up and go (F= 61, p= 0.0001), six minute walk (F= 361, p=0.000) and 8 feet time up and go (F= 561, p= 0.000) were observed. Also comparison within groups, in knee range of motion, get up and go, six minute walk and 8 feet time up and go showed a significant difference in the group aerobic (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Overall, eight weeks Aerobic training significantly improves functional indicators and range of motion in active older men with knee osteoarthritis.  }, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Functional indicator, Knee Osteoarthritis, Older men, Knee range of motion}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {100-110}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4567-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4567-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sadoughi, Majid and Mehrzad, Valiiolah and MohammadSalehi, Zahr}, title = {The Relationship between Psychological Capital and Quality of Life among Patients with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, seriously affecting their lives. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between psychological capital and quality of life among women with breast cancer. Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional with a correlational design. The statistical population of the study included all women with breast cancer referring to Seyedoshohada Hospital, Isfahan for treatment, out of whom 97 women were randomly selected. The respondents provided their demographic information and filled out cancer patient Quality of life Questionnaire )EORTC QLQ- C30.V.3), Life Orientation Test (LOT), Snyder Hope Scale, Block & Kremen Resiliency Scale, Sherer et al. General Self-Efficacy Scale (SGSE). Results: The average age of the participants was 45.17±9.55. The mean of the patients’ hopefulness, 20.15±4.50, optimism 20.31±4.30, resilience 45.92±9.11, self-efficacy 55.51±12.59 and quality of life were 63.74±19.20, respectively. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant relationship between the quality of life and the components of psychological capital including hope (r=.45, p<.01), optimism (r=.25, p<.01), resilience(r=.40, p<.01), and self-efficacy(r=.27, p<.01). The findings revealed that hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and resilience lead to higher quality of life among women with breast cancer. Conclusion: The findings have important implications in medical interventions aiming to enhance the quality of life among these patients. Therefore, in assessment and treatment of patients with breast cancer, more attention should be paid to psychological factors related to quality of life along with conventional biomedical treatments.    }, Keywords = {Breast Cancer, Psychological capital, Hope, Optimism, Resilience, Self-efficacy, Quality of life}, volume = {24}, Number = {156}, pages = {111-119}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4578-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4578-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} }