@article{ author = {radpoor, masomeh and asaaditehrani, golnaz}, title = {Simultaneous Detection of GSTM1, GSTT1 Polymorphisms and its Relationship to Resistance to Chemotherapy Drugs in Esophagus Cancer Patients}, abstract ={Background: Genetic polymorphisms in enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism have been shown to influence susceptibility to cancer. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes are involved in the detoxification of a broad range of toxic substances, so polymorphic deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes may involve as a risk factor for esophagus carcinoma. The aim of this research was to investigate the association between null mutations of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes with esophagus carcinoma susceptibility in Iranian patients were under chemo therapy with platinum drugs. Methods: We conducted a case –control study of 50 esophagus carcinoma cases and 50 controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples, then GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion variants were genotyped by multiplex PCR assay. Logistic regression analysis was used by SPSS 19 to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Our results indicate that the frequency of esophagus cancer patients with the GSTM1 null genotype is significantly higher than that of the normal controls (48% and 13%, respectively) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.62 and (p=0.024), In contrast, our investigation failed to demonstrate any difference in the distribution of GSTT1 null genotype between patients and controls (32 and 24% respectively) (p=0.37).In this study (26 patients) 52% of patients with esophageal cancer who were treated with chemotherapy, not turning a useful these drugs. In most cases (18%), they were persons with Null genotype in both genes. Conclusion: the results of the current study indicate that GSTM1 may be genetic susceptibility factor involved in early events leading to the development of esophageal cancer. Polymorphisms of GSTT1 were not associated with the increased esophageal cancer risk.}, Keywords = {Esophageal Cancer, Chemotherapy, Glutathione- S – transferas, GSTT1, GSTM1 }, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4372-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4372-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {NikzadHarsini, Masoum and Saburi, Ehsan and Mahmazi, Sanaz and Taromchi, Amir Hossei}, title = {Evaluation of rs7041 & rs4588 Polymorphisms of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) gene in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis}, abstract ={Background: Osteoporosis as a multifactorial disease caused by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) especially calcium increasing fracture risk. Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP or Gc) is a molecule key to the biologic actions of vitamin D. Mutation in some critical areas of VDBP can affect metabolism of minerals specially calcium that are important in bone density. This study investigated association of rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms of VDBP gene with osteoporosis in postmenopausal Azari women in Zanjan. Methods: This was a case-control study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 50 osteoporosis and 50 normal postmenopausal Azari women for DNA extraction. Genotypes of rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms of VDBP gene were studied by PCR-RFLP. For statistical analysis we used SPSS-14, t-test and X2. Results: We found no significant association among rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms and three haplotypes (Gc1s, Gc2, Gc1f) and osteoporosis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that genotypes of VDBP were not associated with susceptibility to osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; however, according to similar or inconsistent results in other studies from other countries, this study should be repeated in larger population and with other ethnic groups for more reliable results.}, Keywords = {Osteoporosis, Vitamin D Binding Protein, Polymorphism, Menopause.}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {10-19}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4432-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4432-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Setayesh, nahid and ezoji, khadijeh and bakhshizade, majid and Nojomi, Marzieh}, title = {Domestic violence and physical and mental state of women}, abstract ={Background: Domestic violence is the main cause of intentional damage in middle-aged women. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between women physical and psychological health and violence experience. Methods: This study was a cross - sectional study with a convenience sample of 501 married women that covered by health center of Safadasht. Data were collected during six months by the SF-36 questionnaire for quality of life, GHQ-12 questionnaire was used to assess mental health and domestic violence, and then the data were analyzed using descriptive methods, chi-square and t-tests. Results: The mean age of subjects was 32.8±0.45 years. In general the prevalence of domestic violence was 84.8%. 40 (97.6%) patients with history of history of physical illness had at least one domestic violence. Mean of women's mental health score was 18.9±2.3. Women’s quality of life in all domains was at least 54.4%±1.7 and maximum 69.3%±1.23, respectively. 37 (94.9%) of abused women reported a history of mental illness, while 2 (5.1%) reported no history of violence. 40 (97.6%) of abused women reported a history of physical illness, versus 1 (2.4%) of non-abused women. Quality of life in women with no history of domestic violence was better than women with a history of domestic violence. Conclusion: A relationship was observed between history of mental and physical illness and quality of life in women with a history of domestic violence. Women who had not a history of domestic violence had better mental and physical health and better quality of life.}, Keywords = {Domestic violence, physical health, mental health, women}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {20-26}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4300-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4300-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {kahrizi, shaghayegh and Taghavi, Mohamadreza and Ghasemi, Ramin and Goodarzi, Mohamadali}, title = {The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on Depression, Anxiety and Somatic Symptoms in Asthma patients.}, abstract ={Background: In this research effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms in asthma patients was studied. Asthma is a psychosomatic disorder that depression and anxiety were considered as a trigger or exacerbation factor for it. Methods: According to this matter MBCT was used for reducing depression and anxiety and somatic symptoms in asthma patients. For this purpose 26 female patients that were under medical treatment for 1 year at least in Isfahan were selected and assigned in two groups randomly (experimental group and control group). Two groups were tested (pre-test) by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI_II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Experimental group received MBCT intervention for 8 sessions weekly for two hours and control group was registered in waiting list. After finishing the therapy the two groups were tested again (post-test). Data was analyzed by ANCOVA in spss21 program. Results: Results show that after MBCT intervention significantly depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms scores decreased in experimental group in comparison with control group (p<0/05). Conclusion: So it shows that MBCT can reduce level of anxiety and depression in asthma patient and then reduces somatic symptom in this patients.}, Keywords = {mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), Anxiety, Depression , Asthma.}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {27-36}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4274-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4274-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {AhmadzadehHeshmati, Afshin and Ghazaleh, Mansoor and Mirzaee, Moghaddameh and Ilka, Shahab}, title = {The agreement between pelvic radiography alone and radiography with CT scan in Determination of treatment of the fractures of the pelvic ring}, abstract ={Background: CT scan is one of the routine modalities in diagnosis of the pelvic fractures. An unanswered question is if CT scan can alter treatment plane of these fractures? Methods: At first, radiographs of 100 patients with fracture of the pelvic ring were evaluated by one surgeon and type of the fracture according to Young and Burgess classification and treatment plane (surgical or non-surgical) were identified. Then 3 months later the same radiographs with CT scans were evaluated by the same surgeon and type and plane of treatment were determined again and Results were analyzed with SPSS 22. Results: Fractures of the pubic rami were the most common injury in radiography and CT scan. The least common injury in radiography was fracture of the ilium but in radiography and CT scan was diastasis of symphysis pubis. CT scan was more accurate than radiography in diagnosis of the sacral fractures and crescent fractures of the ilium (p=0.000) but there was no significant difference in classification of fractures. Non-surgical treatment was suggested for 63 patients and surgical for 37 patients according to radiography and with adding of the CT scan, non-surgical treatment was suggesting for 69 and surgical for 31 patients and this difference was not significant again. Conclusion: Although CT scan gives more accuracy in diagnosis of the fracture lines, it cannot alter plane of the treatment.}, Keywords = {Fracture, Classification, Surgery.}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {37-43}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4370-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4370-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mohammadzadeh, Mehdi and DavatgarBadie, Ladan and Ghari, Tayebeh}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of patient requests on antibiotics prescription by physicians in Tabriz in 1393}, abstract ={Background: Antibiotics are type of antibacterial drugs which are used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection. Overuse of antibiotics for treatments of infections is widespread and contributes to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the most important concerns about antibiotics which is becoming a worldwide concern. It can increase disease transmission and risk of mortality. Antibiotic prescribing patterns are an important key factor in the incidence of antibiotic resistance. When it comes to pediatrics prescribing antibiotics to children, parent expectation and pressures may influence these patterns. Methods: In order to better understand how parents expectation influence the prescribing patterns of physicians and what strategies physicians can do to reduce the rate of antibiotics overuse, we evaluated the frequency of antibiotic prescribed by pediatrician upon parent’s requests. To collect data, deep interview and closed-ended questionnaire were used. 200 pediatricians living in Tabriz were asked to complete the questionnaire. Results: Our results showed that 65% of parents had requested antibiotics 6 or more times in the past month while it was not necessary and about 50% of pediatricians complied with these requests. : Our results also indicated that educating parents about appropriate indications of antibiotics must be as a part of any comprehensive plans to reduce inappropriate oral antibiotic indications.}, Keywords = {Antibiotic, Parents request, Drug resistant}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {44-52}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4388-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4388-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Khosravirad, Azin and Zayeri, Farid and Baghestani, Ahmad Reza and Bakhtiyari, Mahmoo}, title = {Prediction of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia using serum human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations longitudinal data during 21 days after evacuation mole}, abstract ={Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) is the malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease that has different capabilities in metastasis and invasion stance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify an appropriate and applicable longitudinal marker, using the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels during 21 days after mole evacuation for predicting the gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in women with molar pregnancy. Methods: In the present retrospective study, documents of 201 patients with hydatidiform mole, according to their pathological reports, who from 2003 to 2013 referred to the educational and health care centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were investigated. A two-stage shared random effects model was used to assess the relationship between repeated measures of β-hCG concentration (as the longitudinal marker) and occurrence of GTN. To determine the power of repeated β-hCG values for predicting GTN, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied in the statistical software R version 2.15.3. Results: In a total sample of 201 patients, 171 cases (85.1%) had spontaneous remission and GTN was detected in 30 cases (14.9%). Our modeling approach showed that the repeated measures of β-hCG concentration (in weeks 0, 1, 2 and 3) can correctly classify about 86.7% of patients with GTN and 83.0% of patients without GTN. The estimated area under curve (AUC) was 91.2%. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the repeated measures of β-hCG concentration have a high predictive accuracy for early detection of GTN. Thus, for women who suffered from molar pregnancy, monitoring the three-week trend of this marker is recommended for early detection of this malignancy.}, Keywords = {Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia, ROC curve Analysis, Longitudinal data}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {53-59}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4464-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4464-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ghavami, Seyed mostafa and Sajjadian, Fakhrosadat and Azabdaftari, Farib}, title = {A Rare Case of Intravesical Foreign body (Nylon thread)}, abstract ={Background: Occuring foreign bodies inside urinary bladder are a relatively rare condition. Generally, introduction of foreign bodies into the bladder may be iatrogenic, a result of penetrating trauma, self-insertion or migration from adjacent organs. Case presentation: A 10 year-old boy presented to the imaging center with a 3 months history of dysuria, increased frequency. Abdominal X-Ray (KUB) demonstrated a semiopaque serpiginons material in the pelvis area. Intravenous urography and ultrasound revealed normal shape and size of both kidneys. Bladder sonography showed an echogenic tortuous glomerule object floating in the vesica. Conclusion: Foreign bodies in the bladder are uncommon. Detection of intravesical foreign bodies should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with chronic lower urinary tract problems. Radiological evaluation is necessary to determine the location, exact size, number, and nature of them.}, Keywords = {Bladder, foreign body, Nylon thread, medical imaging}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {60-63}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4507-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4507-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Azadi, Mehran and Farzad, Valiollah and Sa'dipour, Esmaeel and Khoshnevisan, Zahra, and Karimi, Abdol’azim}, title = {Relation between Attachment to Father and Academic Performance: Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation}, abstract ={Background: Academic performance is one of the main psychological concepts that is allocated wide theoretical and experimental researches and studies. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between attachment to father and academic performance. Methods: Participants were 303 eighth grade experimental field students (134 boys, 169 girls) who were studying in public schools of Tehran and completed Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and Attachment to Parents and Peers Questionnaire. Their academic performance was calculated using their final exam’s average scores of physics, chemistry and biology. The validity and reliability of the study was obtained by using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 23, Lisrel version 9.2 and Amos version 23. Results: Results showed good fit to the model and attachment to father (p<0.001, β=0.48) and emotion regulation (p<0.001, β=-0.37) each one separately to affect academic performance. Indirect effect of attachment to father on academic performance also was significant p>0.001 through emotion regulation. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the effect of attachment to parents in children's emotion regulation and thus improve their academic performance.}, Keywords = {academic performance, emotion regulation, attachment to father, students}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {64-72}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4530-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4530-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Nasiri, Sara and Goudarzi, Reza and Saber-Mahani, Asm}, title = {The survey of effect of economic factors on fertility rate in Iran: Panel data 1966-2013}, abstract ={Background: Previous research reviews show that most of people think fertility decreases because of economic pressures and after solving economic problems it increases again. This study trys to investigate economic factors effecting on fertility rate in Iran during time and highlight the most important economic factor with panel data approach. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive-analytic study. For doing this economic descriptive analysis, combination of data from cross sectional and time series is used for all Iran provinces during 1966-2013. Data were gathered from Iran Statistics Centre. Fertility rate was regressed on unemployment and women employment rate, GDP per capita and family total expenditures as economic factors. The final estimations were done via Eviews.7 and STATA.12. Results: Unemployment and women employment rate, and family total expenditures had negative effect and GDP per capita had a positive effect on fertility rate. Between the research variables, family total expenditures had the smallest effect and women employment the largest. Significant coefficients were assessed at the 95% confidence level. Conclusion: Opposite of public attitudes, the effect of family expenditures on fertility rate is very small toward other factors. Knowing GDP per capita of Iran provinces it will be clear that specific economic factors have small importance toward multidimensional factors like women employment or unemployment factors. }, Keywords = {fertility, economic factors, panel data, econometrics}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {73-81}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4453-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4453-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {kia, fatemeh and EbadiFardazar, Farbod and shojaee, abdollah and shaahmadi, faramarz and mehrjo, has}, title = {Study of relationship between performance level of general surgery physician and payment methods in governance, private and social security hospitals in tehran}, abstract ={Background: There are many factors in the present system of health care that can lead to changes in the quality and quantity of services. Payment system is the most important factor. Empirical evidence shows that financial incentives are the most important factors affecting individual and organizational behavior in the health sector. The project aims to investigate the effects of payment method on the performance of general surgeons in public hospitals, private and social security in Tehran. Methods: We studied the medical research general surgery physician in governance, private and social security hospitals in Tehran. Data collection was performed using self-made forms that were collected for each medical researcher. To compare the average score of doctors to separate the payment method (the relationship between the score of the payment method) be used for one-way ANOVA using SPSS software. Results: The surgery in public hospitals, private and social security to annoy each doctor on the day of, respectively, 2.61, 0.43 and 6.74, respectively. Most procedures performed in hospitals, social security and the lowest was in a private hospital. By analysis of variance showed no statistically significant relationship between performance and payment method (p= 0.128). Conclusion: According to receive a referral fee practice in the public sector incentives for doctors who work in both sectors is higher. This indicates that the entrance fee they receive no difference with the private sector on the one hand is a sign on the other hand the cost of public sector pay increases.}, Keywords = {Performance, Physician, Payment methods}, volume = {24}, Number = {154}, pages = {82-88}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4375-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4375-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2017} }