@article{ author = {Mansourian, Morteza and Solhi, Mahnaz and Adab, Zohreh and Latifi, Marzieh}, title = {Relationship between dependence to mobile phone with loneliness and social support in University students}, abstract ={  Background : The rapid development of communication and mobile use has generated discussions about changing people's life and their dependence on cell phones. Dependence to mobile phone creates a sense of loneliness and unsuitable social support. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cell phone use and loneliness and social support scores in Tehran University of Medical Sciences’ students in 2002.   Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was conducted on 405 students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by stratified sampling method. Instruments for collecting the data were the standardized questionnaires of Mobile phone Addiction Index (MPAI) and the third edition of Loneliness Scale UCLA and social support, along with demographic questions. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, and the ANOVA, chi-square and Pearson correlation co-efficient tests.   Results: The mean for mobile phone dependence, loneliness and social support scores were: 83/41 (moderate), 53/16 (moderate) and 93/30 (borderline, mild to moderate), respectively. A significant correlation was observed between the dependence to mobile phone with loneliness and social support scores (respectively r= - .32, r= - .36, p=.001). Moderate and sever dependency upon mobile phone were higher in female students (p=.046), under 25 years old students (p=.001, p=.04) and medical and health science students.   Conclusion: Average of dependence to cell phone, loneliness and social support is not appropriate in these students and excessive use of mobile phone is associated to feeling loneliness and social support. Depending to mobile phone is related to age, sex and health and medical colleges’ students. Therefore designing effective interventions and education of correct use of mobile phones are recommended.}, Keywords = {Mobile phone, Dependence, Loneliness, Social support, Students}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3136-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3136-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mohebi, Siamak and Azadbakht, Leila and Feizi, Awat and Hozoori, Mohammad and Sharifirad, Gholamrez}, title = {Effects of an educational program based on improvement of perceived self-efficacy on the control of metabolic syndrome risk factors}, abstract ={  Background : Metabolic syndrome is a collection of risk factors for coronary heart disease and diabetes with every day increasing number of sufferers . This study aimed to determine the effect of an educational program on improvement of perceived self-efficacy on the control of metabolic syndrome risk factors.   Methods : In this randomized pretest-posttest control group study, 182 women with metabolic syndrome were randomly divided into two experimental or control groups . The self-efficacy questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire were used. Also, a data sheet was used to record data on waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure , TG, HDL and FBS . After data collection, educational interventions were conducted in 3 sessions, and 3 months after intervention , post-test results were collected . The dependent and independent T -test data were analyzed by SPSS software .   Results : Mean scores of self-efficacy and macronutrient consumption in experimental group after educational intervention was significantly different from control group. Also, in the experimental group, the mean of waist circumference decreased 4.2 centimeter, triglycerides concentration 54.15 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar, 61.13 mg/dL systolic blood pressure 7.42 mmHg and diastolic 9.55 mmHg, and mean of HDL increased 5.87 mg/dL that based on the average percent changes, this changes is significantly greater than the control group .   Conclusions : Increased self-efficacy could become a trusted approach to encourage patients to follow a healthy diet with reduced fat, carbohydrate , and energy intake and consequently , may reduc the risk factors of metabolic syndrome .}, Keywords = {Metabolic syndrome, Perceived self-efficacy, Nutrition, Education}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {9-18}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3137-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3137-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Nejati, Vahid and Shiri, Esmaeil and Forghani, Samaneh}, title = {Effectiveness of Computer based emotion rehabilitation program on improvement of emotion recognition in preschool children}, abstract ={  Background : Recognition of facial expression is an important factor in establishing a successful social interaction and deficit in this capability can cause defect in child’s social interaction. The purpose of this study was evaluation of emotional recognition training on enhancing perception of emotional expression of faces.   Methods: This was a quasi-experimental pretest- posttest study without control group. Thirty preschool girl students aged 6 years selected with accessible sampling method participated in this study. Emotional recognition intervention was presented in a progressive method with a feedback for responses. T- Test and repeated measures were used for analysis.   Results: Findings showed that emotional recognition can enhance ability of emotional recognition in happiness (p<0.0001), sadness (p<0.005) angry (p<0.001) and fear (p<0.000).   Conclusion: Though the emotion perception is an implicit process with children learns it without direct education, present study found that emotional recognition could be trained with an explicit approach by therapists.}, Keywords = {Emotional recognition, Emotional rehabilitation, Children}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {19-26}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3138-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3138-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Farzanegi, Parvin and Amanzadeh, Ebrahim}, title = {Effect of aerobic exercise on Endothelin-1, C-Reactive Protein and nitric oxide in hypertensive postmenopausal women}, abstract ={  Background : Hypertension is one of the major cardiovascular risk factors after the fifth decades of life in women but mechanisms responsible for the increase in blood pressure are complex. The present study was performed to assess the effect of aerobic exercise in endothelin-1, C-reactive protein and nitric oxide in hypertensive postmenopausal women (HPW).   Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 20 hypertensive postmenopausal, sedentary women, aged 50–55 years were randomized to an rhythmic aerobic exercise intervention of moderate-intensity (50%–65% maximal heart rate), for 45-60 min/day, and 3 days/week for 6 weeks(n=10 per each groups). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values and alsoplasma levels of endothelin-1, C-reactive protein and nitric oxide were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t tests (p<0.05).   Results : A significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values (p=0.001, p=0.008, respectively) was seen after aerobic exercise which was accompanied by markedly increase of nitric oxide (p=0.002) and significantly decrease in plasma ET-1(p=0.001) and C-reactive protein (p=0.001) concentrations in the HPW.   Conclusions: A program of supervised aerobic exercise improves hypertension and may attenuate the increased inflammatory and vasoconstrictor mediators by increasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide.}, Keywords = { Aerobic exercise, Endothelin-1, C-reactive protein, Postmenopausal women, Nitric oxide}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {27-35}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3139-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3139-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Aramesh, Mohammad Reza and Malekian, Arash and Dehdashtian, Masood and Shahori, Azita and Monjezi, Leil}, title = {Determination of neonatal mortality causes among neonates admitted in NICU at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahwaz, 2011-2012}, abstract ={  Background : One of the most important health indices is neonatal mortality rate. Mortality in neonatal period is high, that is about 65% of mortality in infancy. This study was conducted to identify neonatal mortality causes among neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz, 2011-2012.   Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study over all infants died in the NICU at Imam Khomeini hospital from March 2011 to March 2012.The data was obtained from medical records . Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 19.   Results: From 1620 infants admitted in 2011, 284(17.5%) infants died. About 39.1% of newborns were female, 59.9% male and 1.1% with ambiguity in sex. About 79.2% were premature and 77.1% of them were low birth weight (LBW). Some 78.2% of mortality were occurred at the first week of life. The most common causes of death were prematurity and its complications (58.8%), congenital anomalies (17.3%), birth asphyxia (8%) and infection (6%), respectively.   Conclusion : Due to the high mortality rate among infants aged below 37 weeks, more attention must be paid for prevention of preterm delivery, infection risks, birth asphyxia etc.}, Keywords = {Neonatal mortality causes, Pregnancy, High risk neonate}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {36-43}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3141-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3141-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {HosseinAbadi, Sedigheh and Barkhordari, Abdullah and Raei, Mehdi and HamidiBagejan, Peyman and RaeeBandpey, Tahere and Rohani, Hosein and Rahmanifard, Ehsan and Mohamadian, Mojtab}, title = {Occupational health status of workers in Shahroud Cement Factory}, abstract ={  Background : The cement industry is one of the most important industries involved in development of countries and also of the most polluting industry work place with harmful agents’ preposition . The purpose of this study was to investigate the workers’ health status in a cement company based on their available medical records.   Methods: This cross-sectional study is conducted in 2011. In the study, we examined data obtained from 331 workers’ health records (all Shahroud cement company personnel) including their pre-employment, periodical examination and case-specific medical records. Chi-square and independent t-test was used to analyze the data using SPSS version 15. The significance level in all tests was 0.05.   Results: Average (Standard Deviation) of age and work history for workers were 40 ±7.5 and12.1 ± 5.5 respectively. Hearing loss (33.5%), cardiovascular disease (18.4%) and musculoskeletal disorders (13.9%) were the most prevalent diseases. statistically significant association was found between cardiovascular diseases (p=0.03) and hearing loss (p=0.002) with job category. Work history was associated with cardiovascular disease (p=0.02), musculoskeletal disorder (p=0.03), renal disease (p=0.003), gastrointestinal disease (p=0.04) and hearing loss (p=0.002). Significant associations were found between age and cardiovascular disease (p=0.007), gastrointestinal disease (p=0.007), and hearing loss (p<0.0001).   Conclusion: Working in cement industry may cause hearing loss, high risk of renal diseases and diabetes compared to the normal people. The unsuitable conditions and the harmful work environment are possible causes to workers’ health problems.}, Keywords = {Health Status, Occupational Health, Medical records, Shahroud Cement Factory}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {44-52}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3142-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3142-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Gaeini, Abbasali and Samadi, Ali and Khalesi, Maryam}, title = {Fat Mass Index (FMI) comparing to Body Mass Index (BMI) in the determination of obesity in preschool children}, abstract ={  Background : Body mass index (BMI) is one of the most popular anthropometric techniques to identify obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of BMI percentiles of Center of Disease Control (CDC2000) in determining obesity in preschool children in comparison to real obesity ( based on body fat index FMI) and compare the status of overweight and obesity based on this two index.   Methods : Height , weight and triceps skinfold thickness was measured in 603 preschool children in Tehran. BMI calculated by dividing weight ( in kilograms) to squared height ( in meters) and FMI calculated by dividing the amount of fat mass ( in kilograms) to squared height (in meters). BMI≥95th percentile of CDC2000 standards were used as the criteria of obesity and the 85th <BMI<95th used for overweight. The FMI over 90th percentile also was considered as the real measure of obesity.   Result : Based on BMI prevalence of obesity and overweight among preschool children were 5.1 and 9.8 , respectively moreover the prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in boys than girls. The difference between two sexes was not significant (p=0.211, p=0.834). About 46% of really obese children and 4% of the non-obese children, who were not obese according to FMI , were diagnosed as obese by BMI. Moreover, using FMI as a real measure of obesity, sensitivity and specificity of BMI 90 percentile appeared to be 73% and 97.4%, respectively.   Conclusion : Despite having high specificity, BMI had low sensitivity and may have low efficiency in diagnosing childhood obesity. It seems that comparing to BMI FMI is a better indicator to determine obesity in children. However , the lack of precise standard references for FMI makes further studies in this area necessary .}, Keywords = {Obesity, Overweight, Body Mass Index, Fat Mass Index}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {53-60}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3144-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3144-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Fallah-mohammadi, Zia and Aghasi, Mohammad and AhmadiKordasiabi, Marj}, title = {Protective effects of Eriobotrya Japonica flower extracts (EJFE) against intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion in male rats}, abstract ={  Background : Oxidative stress contributes to the cascade leading to dopamine cell degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Eriobotrya Japonica flower extract (EJFE) has abundant amount of phenolic compounds. This study was performed with the aim of protective effects of Eriobotrya Japonica flower extract on intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion in male rats .   Methods: In this laboratory experimental study rats were divided into three groups: basic, Control and extract-Parkinson. At the final study stage, the control and extract-parkinson groups received 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (dissolved in saline) and experienced the stress. The extract-Parkinson group received 200 mg/kg EJFE intraperitoneally three times per week for 12 weeks. The Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor ( MANF) levels in the brainstem were measured by ELISA method.   Results : Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test. Results showed that the EJFE significantly decrease the MANF levels in Parkinson rats (p=0.042).   Conclusion: The results of this study showed that pre-treatment with hydroalcoholic extraction of Eriobotrya japonica increases protection against 6-OHDA lesion and may have protective role against Parkinson disease.}, Keywords = {Eriobotrya japonica flower extract, 6-hydroxydopamine, MANF, Rat }, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {61-68}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3145-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3145-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Parvaresh, Saeideh and AhangarDavudi, Mohammad and Dabiri, Shahriar and Dehghan, Azam}, title = {Detection of urine interleukin-8 levels as a noninvasive method for diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children after resolvent urinary tract infection}, abstract ={  Background : The retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the ureter ( Vesicoureteral Reflux -VUR) is a common finding in children with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) that can result in renal injury. Diagnosis of reflux requires interventional invasive imaging ( Voiding Cystourethrogram -VCUG). Detection of urine Interleukin-8 (IL8) levels as a noninvasive method can be usefull method for diagnosis of VUR in children after resolvent UTI.   Methods: In this cross sectional study, 80 children in whom at least one month had passed from their UTI treatment, were assessd. According to VCUG, the children were divided in to two groups “case group” consisted of 40 patients with VUR and “control group” consisted of 40 patients without VUR. Then urinary levels of IL8 and creatinin were assassed. T_study and chi square were used for analytical conclusions in SPSS software.   Results: From 80 children, 12 were males and 68 were females. Overall mean age was 32-48 months. From 40 VUR patients, 22 had unilateral reflux. Relation of IL8 to Ucr in the first group (VUR positive) was 4.9±7.60 pg/µmol and in the second group was 5.2±9.46 pg/µmol revealing no significant relationship between the two groups.Also there was no relationship between IL8/Ucr in different grades of reflux, uni/ bilateral cases and infant age with older.   Conclusion: Urinary IL8 is not a benefit marker for screening, diagnosis and follow up of patients with VUR.}, Keywords = {Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR), UTI, IL8/Ucr, Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG)}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {69-75}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3148-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3148-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Marashi, Sayed Mahdi and Sabouni, Farah and Ziaee, Vahid and NasriNasrabadi, Zeynab}, title = {Acute rheumatic fever presented with poly-arthritis: a case report}, abstract ={Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a complication of group A streptococcus infection. Despite a considerable prevalence diminish especially in modern countries in recent years, it is reported occasionally throughout the world. Unfortunately, this decline in incidence and non-specific presentations may cause physicians not to consider the ARF in differential diagnosis.A 7 years old girl was admitted to our clinic with a high fever, low back pain and bilateral ankle arthralgia. She had no history of severe diseases and her immunization schedule was complete. On physical examination, she had tachycardia and temperature of 39.7 degrees C. Her initial laboratory tests revealed considerable leukocytosis, increase in C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anti-streptolysin O titer. Only prednisolone was used to subside acute myocarditis. One day after initiation of corticosteroid therapy, her temperature significantly decreased and her articular pain was resolved. She was discharged with full recovery on day 7 and prophylactic treatment with Benzathine penicillin injection was recommended. Despite declining incidence of ARF, because of tendency to develop persistent cardiac valve involvement, it must be considerd as one of the most significant disorders in pediatric practice.}, Keywords = {Acute rheumatic fever, Arthritis, Group A streptococcus, Pharyngitis}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {76-82}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3149-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3149-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {21}, Number = {120}, pages = {83-84}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3150-en.html}, eprint = {http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3150-en.pdf}, journal = {Razi Journal of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2228-7043}, eissn = {2228-7051}, year = {2014} }