per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
1
9
article
Effect of oral morphine on the liver of Wistar rat fetuses in the second week of development: a histopathological study
Narges Mohammadi
1
Vahid Bayati
2
Reza Nejatbakhsh
3
Mohammad Hasan Heidari
4
Masoomeh Dadpay
5
Azadeh Tavassol
6
Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Army University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
Background: More than 90% of women use drugs during pregnancy. The
aim of this study was to investigate oral morphine-induced histopathological
changes in Wistar rat fetuses’ liver. Methods: Animals were divided to 1 control and 3 drug level
induced groups. 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml of morphine sulphate (99.98%) in
drinking water (25 ml) were administered orally to pregnant rats from day 8 to
20. On gestation day 21, fetuses were removed surgically and after removing
liver of fetuses, samples of tissue stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H;E)
method and studied under light microscope. The data evaluated by SPSS software,
ANOVA and analysis varieties. Results: In the experimental groups with dose 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3
mg/ml of morphine, liver sections appeared with vacuolated hepatocytes, dilated
sinusoids, and increased number of kupffer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils.
The results in experimental groups with doses 0.2 and 0.3mg/ml of morphine were
significant comparing with control group (p≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: The
results indicate that the lowest dose of morphine (0.1mg/ml) induced very low
toxicity in fetuses but the middle dose (0.2mg/ml) and the high dose of
morphine (0.3mg/ml) induced adverse reactions. It is concluded that oral
morphine sulphate induces significant histopathological changes in the liver
tissue, and the severity of these changes increases with time, period and
dosage
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3593-en.pdf
Morphine
Opioids
Fetus liver
Histopathology
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
10
17
article
Assessment of personality disorders in epileptic patients referred to epilepsy clinic of Rasoul Akram Hospital
Atefeh Ghanabri Jolfaei
1
Mehdi Nasr Esfahani
2
Zahra Mirblock Jalali
3
Shama Tamannai
4
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: Psychiatric disorders and behavioral disturbance are
prevalent in epileptic patients and in previous studies the reported rates of
personality disorders range from 4% to 38%. Comorbidity of personality
disorders in epileptic patients could cause dysfunction, poor compliance,
maladjustment and other psychological distresses which are important in the
treatment of epilepsy, therefore the diagnosis and treatment of personality
disorders could be helpful in management of epilepsy. The aim of this study was
assessment of personality disorders in epileptic patients. Methods: The samples were recruited from epilepsy clinic of
Rasoul Akram Hospital. Characteristics of epilepsy were collected by reviewing
the files and assessments such as EEG and interviewing with patients.
Personality disorders were assessed by MCMI III. Results: the most prevalent personality disorder was depressive
personality and 36% of the patients had at least one personality disorder. The
socio-economic status in patients with personality disorder was poorer, but
characteristics of epilepsy had no significant relationship with comorbidity of
personality disorders.
Conclusion:
Personality disorders in epileptic patients are prevalent and require attention
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3594-en.pdf
Personality disorder
Epilepsy
Disease
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
18
26
article
Study of association between BCL11A gene polymorphism and amount of gamma globin gene expression and hemoglobin F level in patients with beta thalassemia intermedia disease in Isfahan population
Majid Motovali-bashi
1
Soroush Kord
2
University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Background: A Thalassemia intermedium is an autosomal recessive
disease that from clinical and also genotypic view contains a very
heterogeneous group of hemoglobinopathies and severity of disease is placed
between thalassemia major and minor. High levels of fetal hemoglobin have a
major impact on the severity of this disease, so that increased production of
HbF, reduces these verities of disease. Many factors both within and outside of
the beta-globin locus, including some polymorphisms in BCL11A gene, can
increase the production of fetal hemoglobin and modify the clinical symptoms of
beta-thalassemia intermedia patients. Methods: This research is a retrospective study. In this study,
common polymorphism rs11886868 in intron 2 of BCL11A gene using Tetra-primer
ARMS PCR method was genotyped among 50 patients with beta thalassemia
intermedia disease. The values of fetal and total hemoglobin were determined by
study of electrophoresis data for each patient. Data were analyzed using
independent-samples t test, paired-samples t-test and Chi-square statistical
method through SPSS v.16. Results: Genotyping study of BCL11A polymorphism showed that a
total of 45 patients were heterozygous (CT) and 5 were homozygous (CC) in
polymorphic site. Average levels of fetal and total hemoglobin in patients were
75.2±32.04g/dl and 8.9±1.33g/dl, respectively. People who were heterozygote
(CT) in polymorphic site, had a higher average of fetal and total hemoglobin in
comparison with patients without this status, however, this increase was not
statistically significant (p-values were 0.93 and 0.51, respectively).
Conclusion: Our
data showed that in the presence of T allele in polymorphic site, the values of
HbF and Hb would be increased. However, that increase was not statistically
significant
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3595-en.pdf
Beta thalassemia intermedia
BCL11A polymorphism
HbF
Tetra-primer ARMS PCR
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
27
38
article
Comparison of pregnancy and delivery outcomes in teenage mothers and primiparas referring to Kowsar Teaching Hospital in Qazvin in 2012-2013
Mehri Kalhor
1
Nezal Aj
2
Mahmood Alipour
3
Farideh Eghdam Poor
4
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Background: Teenage pregnancy is a public health issue that affects
teenage mothers and community at large-scale. Teenage pregnancy has side
effects for mother and embryo. The present study compared pregnancy outcomes in
teenage and primiparas. Methods: Present study was a descriptive-comparison with 382
pregnant women in two groups, 122 teenage mothers and 260 primiparas above 20
years old admitted to Kowsar Teaching Hospital in Qazvin in 2012-2013 using
convenience sampling. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire with three
sections including demographics, pregnancy and delivery information, and
neonatal outcomes. Data were analyzed using Chi square test and t-test through SPSS
v. 16. Results: Results showed that weight gain in pregnancy and
complications such as abruption, preeclampsia, placenta previa, miscarriage and
IUGR in two groups were no significantly different (p>0.05). Vomiting,
insomnia and urinary tract infection were more frequent in teenage pregnancy
but diabetes and pyelonephritis were higher in primiparas (p=0.04). Post-partum
was similar in both groups. Duration of delivery was significantly shorter and
vaginal delivery was higher in teenage pregnancy (p=0.04).
Conclusion: This
study showed that some pregnancy outcomes between the two groups have
significant association, which denotes the necessity of paying more attention
to vulnerable groups of teenage. Hence, promoting the level of education in
mothers can prevent unintended consequences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3596-en.pdf
Teenage pregnancy
Maternal outcomes
Neonatal outcomes
Primipara
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
39
50
article
Attitude towards substance abuse and its outcomes: The predictive role of personality traits and demographical factors
Rahimian Boogar
1
Sayed Mosa Tabatabaee
2
Jalileh Tosi
3
Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Payam-noor University, Semnan Center, Semnan, Iran
University, Semnan Branch, Semnan, Iran
Background: Substance abuse is the most important problem for
mental health specialists in the contemporary societies. This study was aimed
to examine the role of personality traits and demographical factors in attitude
towards substance abuse and its outcomes. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, from
students of Damghan University, 95 boys and 105 girls selected by simple random
sampling and they completed the The Attititde to Addiction Scale, The
Personality Five-Factor Questionniare and Demographical Questionniare. Data
were analyzed using correlation and stepwise multiple regression through SPSS
v. 19. Results: There was a significant relationship among neuroticism,
extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and income with
attitude to substance abuse and related outcomes (p<0.001). Also, gender,
literacy and age merely have significant relationship with attitude to outcomes
of substance abuse (p<0.001). Agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness,
openness and income had significant role on prediction of inclination to
substance abuse (p<0.001). Also, conscientiousness, openness, neuroticism,
gender, agreeableness, literacy and age had significant role on predicting the
outcomes of substance abuse (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Personality traits and demographical factors have important role in tendency
towards substance abuse and related perceived outcomes. For primary prevention
of substance abuse it is important to pay attention to these factors in
planning and implementation of preventive programs during clinical trials
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3597-en.pdf
Substance abuse
Neuroticism
Personality
College students
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
51
57
article
Assessment of serum level of homocysteine in preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic term pregnant women of Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital
Zahra Vaziri
1
Parvaneh Lak
2
Peymaneh Lak
3
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: due to this fact that hyperhomocysteinemia had role in
increasing incidence of pregnancy and delivery problems such as preeklampsia,
it seems that performing present study for assessing serum level of
homocysteine in pregnant women with preeklampsia was necessary. Present study
was performed for comparing homocysteine level between term pregnant women with
and without preeklampsia. Methods: Fifty term pregnant women with higher than 37 weeks
gestational age between 2005 and 2007 were recruited. Pregnant women with
history of chronic hypertension, diabetes, epilepsy and those using
methotrexate, carbamazepine, phenytoin and other anticonvulsant drugs, were
excluded. Pregnant women with more than 300 mg protein in 24-hours urine sample
or +1 results with Dipstick test for proteinuria and blood pressure more than
140/90 mmhg were defined as case group. Equal and matched pregnant women were
selected for control group. Independent student t-test and logistic regression
model were used as statistical test. SPSS software was used for data analysis
and p-values less than 0.05 were assumed as significant. Results: Mean of serum level of homocysteine in pregnant women
with preeklampsia was significantly higher than other pregnant women.
Conclusion:
According to the role of homocysteine in incidence of preeklampsia in pregnant
women, prescribing drug and control of dietary regimen were recommended for
control of serum level of homocysteine in pregnant women
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3606-en.pdf
Homocysteine
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
58
67
article
Assessment of educational environment at main clinical wards in teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences: stagers and Interns viewpoints based on modified DREEM
Maryam Moosavi
1
Jalil Koohpayehzadeh
2
Seyyed Kamran Soltani Arabshahi
3
Shoaleh Bigdeli
4
Kamran Hatami
5
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: One of the models for measuring environment is Dundee
Ready Education Environment (DREEM) that one of its usages is comparative
analysis of students' perception of educational environment.
The aim of this study was comparison between educational environments of main
clinical wards in teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical
Sciences based on DREEM. Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional. The
questionnaire was modified DREEM including 44 questions that performed in four
main clinical wards (internal medicine, gynecology, pediatric and surgery) of
educational hospitals by distributing among stagers (N=161) and interns
(N=106). Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient test, ANOVA through
SPSS 16 software. Results: The mean score for the questionnaire was 96.15 out of
176 that with attention to modified DREEM interpretation guide, environment was
rather positive than negative. Total mean and all domains except students'
academic self-perception were significant between stages (p=0.00).
The total mean and all domains were significant among the wards (p=0.004)
Conclusion: The
educational environment in all main clinical wards had more positive than
negative points. Further studies are needed to assess and ensure the quality of
clinical learning environments from the perspective of students using a
modified DREEM questionnaire. Moreover, comparison between educational
environments using other evaluation methods can lead us to a more suitable tool
in this setting
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3607-en.pdf
DREEM
Iran
Educational environment
Clinical wards
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
68
74
article
The role of comprehensive geriatric assessments on the quality of life of disabled elderly cancer patients
Masoud Vakili
1
Samira Kafan
2
Gholamreza Tabrizi
3
Mohsen Arabi
4
Roshanak Hashemi Nasabzadeh
5
Rasoul-Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Shohadaye Takab Hospital, Takab, Iran
Shohadaye Takab Hospital, Takab, Iran
Rasoul-Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Background: In this study, the impact of comprehensive geriatric
assessments on the quality and the length of life in disabled elderly cancer
patients were evaluated. Methods: In an interventional study, 70 patients with cancer were
randomly divided into two treatment and control groups. Patients were evaluated
during a six-month study using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) test. Results: The patient’s mean age was 4.2 ± 67.1 years. It was shown
that CGA intervention had no impact on physical activity tests, including
instrumental activities of daily living and activities of daily living, but a
significant improvement was shown in patient’s psychological status using
geriatric depression test.
Conclusion:
The
results of the current study showed that CGA interventions have a positive
effect on the quality of the life of the elderly cancer patients
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3608-en.pdf
I ADL
ADL
CGA
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
75
80
article
The effect of fatigue on trunk extensor muscles upon static balance control in two age groups of young adult and middle-aged
Mehrangiz Qorbani
1
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Science and research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Background: Falls is due to people's failure of balance recovery.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of trunk extensor muscle
fatigue on static balance control in young healthy adults compared to middle
aged participants. Methods: Ten young adult females (23 ± 1.6 years) and 6
middle-aged females (51 ± 5.4 years) participated in stand immobile test on a
force plate, with their feet together and eyes closed under two conditions
before and after fatigue. Fatigue was achieved through repetitive extensions of
the trunk until a subjective fatigue level was reached. We measured center of
pressure (COP) displacements in the A/P and M/L directions using a force plate
to assess static balance. Results: We did not observe any significant interaction between
age and fatigue. The COP variability was higher for the middle aged compared to
the young adults in both the fatigue and no-fatigue conditions. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that trunk extensor
fatigue does not affect static balance differently for young compared to middle
aged subjects. This study also suggests that postural control decreases
significantly with increasing age. Trunk extensor fatigue did not significantly
affect the balance control of upright stance.
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3610-en.pdf
Fatigue
Trunk
extensor muscle
Static balance control
per
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
2228-7043
2228-7051
2015-03
21
129
81
89
article
The effect of supplementation with iron alone and combined with the docosahexaenoic acid on iron deficiency anemia index in women with iron deficiency anemia
Samira Amani Kelarijani
1
Farzad Shidfar
2
Mohamad Reza Vafa
3
Mohamad Reza Eshraqian
4
Ramin Shekarriz
5
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common
nutritional disorder, and since the iron content of the diet
is relatively stable and it is difficult to increase dietary iron intake, supplements are used for treatment. Studies have reported the concomitant effect of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in increase of iron content and reduction
sensitivity to oxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of iron supplementation
alone and in combination with DHA on indices of iron deficiency anemia in women with
iron deficiency anemia. Methods: In a double-blind
clinical trial, 76 women aged 15-45 years randomly divided into two groups, df
(receiving 500 mg DHA + one tablet of ferrous sulfate containing 50-mg of
elemental Iron) and pf (receiving placebo containing 500 mg corn oil +
one tablet of ferrous sulfate, 50 mg of elemental iron). Before and after 12
weeks, fasting blood samples were taken from both groups and blood indices were
measured. Results: After intervention, the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), the
percentage of hematocrit (HCT), serum
iron, in both groups compared with baseline, significantly increased. Total iron-binding capacity was significantly
reduced in both groups.
Mean corpusclar volume (MCV) level was significantly increased only in df and
increase of Mean Corpuscular
Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in any of the groups was not significant. Average change of these
parameters between the two groups was not significant. Conclusion: DHA
supplementation does not effect on blood indices of iron anemia.
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3611-en.pdf
Docosahexaenoic acid
Iron deficiency anemia
Blood indices