Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
RJMS
Medical Sciences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir
39
journal39
2228-7043
2228-7051
en
jalali
1401
4
1
gregorian
2022
7
1
29
4
online
1
fulltext
fa
شناسایی و اولویت بندی عوامل موثر بر توسعه دانش، سلامت روان و مهارتهای کاربردی
Identify and Prioritize the Factors Affecting the Development of Knowledge, Mental Health and Applied Skills
روانشناسی بالینی
Clinical Psychiatry
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یکی</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">از</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ارکان</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">اصلی</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزش</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">رشته</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ورزشی</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نیز</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">رهبری</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">هدایت</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تیم­اند</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نقش</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بسیار</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مهمی</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزش،</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پرورش</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">رشد</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ورزشکاران</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دارند. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر شناسایی و اولویت بندی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه دانش، سلامت روان و مهارتهای کاربردی مربیان بود. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">روش­ کار:</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جامعه آماری این تحقیق استراتژی آمیخته را در بخش کیفی خبرگان ورزشی و مربیگری ورزشی و در بخش کمی 508 نفر از مربیان رشتههای ورزشی المپیکی و دارای مدارک بینالمللی تشکیل دادند. حجم نمونه در بخش کیفی با توجه به اشباع نظری و در بخش کمی بر اساس نرمافزار </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SPSS Sample Power</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تعداد 306 نفر بود. از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که به روش دلفی فازی آماده شد برای جمعآوری اطلاعات استفاده شد. روایی صوری، محتوایی و سازه پرسشنامه به ترتیب توسط متخصصین مربوطه در بخش کیفی، تحلیل عاملی و معادلات ساختاری به تائید رسید. همچنین پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ در تمامی مؤلفهها بیش از 70/0 محاسبه گردید. </span></span></span></span><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">یافتهها:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نتایج نشان داد که 11 عامل مؤثر بر توسعه دانش، سلامت روان و مهارتهای کاربردی برای سطوح مربیگری در ایران شامل آموزش، مدیریتی، دانش­افزایی، عوامل ساختاری، نظارت و کنترل، تجهیزات و تکنولوژی، عوامل حقوقی، عوامل فردی، بومی­سازی، تبلیغات و رسانه و استعدایابی و پایه می­باشد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">نتیجه­ گیری:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> عوامل متععدی بر توسعه دانش، سلامت روان و مهارتهای<b> </b>کاربردی<b> </b>مربیان تاثیر دارد. نتایج مصاحبه با خبرگان می­تواند در شناسایی و اولویت­بندی این عوامل راهگشا باشد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Background & Aims:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">One of the main pillars of sports education as well as leadership and leadership of the coaching team. The coach is the center of guidance and development of sports in any society. Coaches' efforts are successful when they have the necessary sports knowledge (1). The position and role of coaches and the effects of their performance and personality traits in sports are very important, so that coaches have a significant role in team development, development of technical skills and social and cultural behaviors of players (2). Another important issue in the present era and in the sports environment is the issue of mental health, which has attracted the attention of many researchers. The goal of mental health is to create mental health by preventing mental illness and creating a healthy environment for proper human relationships. According to the World Health Organization, a person's health does not simply include a state of complete physical health; It also includes the dimensions of mental and social health, the ability to communicate appropriately and in harmony with others, change and modify the individual and social environment, and resolve conflicts and personal desires in a positive, just and appropriate way, which is a necessity of coaching (6). The importance of coaching is so great that various researches have been done about it and contradictory results have been obtained. For example, Zare et al. (2019) in their research emphasized the role of coaches in the development of players' skills in all dimensions, especially the development of psychological skills (8). In general, the role and position of coaches is clear to everyone, but what remains an issue in this direction is how to prepare and promote coaches for this serious responsibility.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Coaching is one of the most complex sports professions and one of the most effective areas that can lead to the development of sports and training of athletes. Therefore, in this regard, it is necessary to have a suitable system to promote knowledge, mental health and job skills so that trainers can use the most appropriate training courses (scientific and practical) to play their role and responsibilities (10) . Therefore, the researcher seeks to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the development of knowledge, mental health and practical skills.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Methods:</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> The present research is quantitative and qualitative in terms of data, applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of field, field data collection in terms of time and time in terms of time period. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part included sports experts and sports coaching and in the quantitative part were 508 Olympic sports coaches, from which 306 people were randomly selected as a sample. A researcher-made questionnaire prepared by fuzzy Delphi method was used to collect information. The face, content and structure validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by experts in the field of quality, factor analysis and structural equations, respectively. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire in a pilot study on 30 people in the study population and using Cronbach's alpha test in all components was calculated to be more than 0.70. Finally, descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, one-sample t-test and structural equation analysis using SPSS and Expert Choice software were used to analyze the data.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Results: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The initial estimate of the share of each variable showed that the values of all of them are equal to one. It was also found that the common variance of all items is more than 0.5. Therefore, all variables (items) will remain in the analysis. According to Table 3, 71 items in the present study can be reduced to 11 factors and from the combination of these 71 items, a new structure can be designed based on the factors with the new combination and the data can be analyzed based on that data. Also, Table 3 showed that the contribution of each factor in explaining the variance of 71 items related to the factors affecting the development of applied knowledge and skills for coaching levels in Iran is different and decreasing.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Finally, according to the results for level 3 coaches, the highest weight was related to individual factors, education, advertising and media. Also, according to the results for level 2 trainers, the highest weight was related to managerial factors, localization of knowledge and knowledge enhancement. And for level 1 educators, the highest weight was related to talent identification and basic factors, localization of knowledge and managerial factors.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">Conclsion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Undoubtedly, the growth and development of coaching knowledge in the country on the one hand and its decline and decline on the other hand, is rooted in several factors, which will be difficult to determine the share of each. There is no doubt that the scientific study and identification of the existing problems in this field on the one hand and the efforts of the officials to solve these problems on the other hand will be successful in promoting it as much as possible. However, it should be noted that the research community is made up of experts and qualified trainers in the country and their opinion can really pave the way for success and development of knowledge and practical skills for coaching levels in Iran. Therefore, it seems that paying attention to the opinions of these experts can be one of the best data needed for managers to make decisions regarding the implementation of coaching promotion programs in the country. On the other hand, structural equation modeling also confirms this and shows that the identified factors can be effective in developing knowledge and practical skills for coaching levels in Iran and therefore using the results of this study can further improve the coaching of the field. Various sports in the country was promising.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="tab-stops:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
مربیان, سلامت روان, توانمندی, توسعه دانش, مهارت کاربردی
Coach,Mental Health,Ability,Development of Knowledge, Applied Skills
20
30
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5444-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Ali Akbar
Babazadehpahlevanlo
علی اکبر
بابازاده پهلوانلو
3900319475328460066000
3900319475328460066000
No
PhD in Sports Management, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران
Mohammad ALi
Aslankhani
محمدعلی
اصلانخانی
aslankhani@yahoo.com
3900319475328460066001
3900319475328460066001
Yes
PhD, Professor, College of Physical Education Allamehtabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran
استاد، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
Ali Mohammad
Safania
علی محمد
صفانیا
3900319475328460066002
3900319475328460066002
No
Professor, Physical Education Department, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
استاد، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
Ali Asghar
Doroudian
علی اصغر
درودیان
3900319475328460066003
3900319475328460066003
No
Assistant Professor, Physical Education Department, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران
Mehdi
Goodarzi
مهدی گودرزی
گودرزی
3900319475328460066004
3900319475328460066004
No
Assistant Professor, Sport Management Deartment, Payamenoor University, Tehran, Iran
استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران