Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
RJMS
Medical Sciences
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir
39
journal39
2228-7043
2228-7051
en
jalali
1392
8
1
gregorian
2013
11
1
20
113
online
1
fulltext
fa
بررسی تاثیر مداخله آموزشی بر اساس الگوی اعتقاد بهداشتی بر ارتقاء رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از مصرف خودسرانه دارو در زنان تحت پوشش خانههای سلامت منطقه 3 تهران
Investigating the effect of education based on health belief model on improving the preventive behaviors of self-medication in the women under the supervision of health institutions of zone 3 of Tehran
بهداشت عمومی
Public Health
پژوهشي
Research
<font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">زمینه و هدف</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">:
مصرف خودسرانه دارو از معضلات حاد بهداشتی است. هدف این مطالعه تعیین تاثیر آموزش
بر اساس الگوی اعتقاد بهداشتی بر ارتقاء رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از مصرف خودسرانه
دارو در زنان تحت پوشش خانه های سلامت منطقه 3 تهران است.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">روش کار</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">:
در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی از نوع شاهددار که</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">روی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>88 نفر از</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">زنان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>(در
دو گروه آزمون و کنترل 44 نفره) انجام</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">شد، روش نمونه گیری خوشهای و ابزارگردآوری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">اطلاعات</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">پرسشنامه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">محقق ساخته براساس</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">سازه های الگوی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">اعتقاد
بهداشتی و</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">چک</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">لیست</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">عملکرد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">در زمینه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">مصرف</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">خودسرانه داروها بود که روایی و پایایی آن تایید شد. ابتدا
پرسش نامه و چک لیست در دو گروه تکمیل شد. براساس نتایج به دست آمده از این مرحله،
مداخله آموزشی طراحی و</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">در
گروه آزمون در قالب سه جلسه آموزشی90 دقیقهای با روشهای سخنرانی، پرسش و پاسخ،
بحث گروهی، نمایش فیلم و اسلاید برگزار شد. یک ماه پس از مداخله آموزشی دوباره
دادهها در دو گروه جمع آوری و در نرم افزار آماری </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr">SPSS16</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> با استفاده از آزمونهای آماری توصیفی و تحلیلی تجزیه تحلیل و با
هم مقایسه شد.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">یافتهها:</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 13pt mso-bidi-language: FA"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">قبل
از مداخله بین میانگین آگاهی، حساسیت، شدت، منافع، موانع، خودکارآمدی درک شده و
عملکرد در زمینه پیشگیری از مصرف خودسرانه داروها در دو گروه، اختلاف معنی دار
وجود نداشت (05/0<</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>) اما پس از مداخله آموزشی اختلاف معنی
دار به دست آمد (001/0></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>) و همچنین در
گروه آزمون بین عملکرد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">و
سطح تحصیلات رابطه معنی دار مشاهده شد (03/0 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr">p=</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>). همچنین رادیو و تلویزیون در 65 % زنان آزمون و 5/77 % زنان
کنترل مهمترین راهنمای عمل بود.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl text-justify: kashida text-kashida: 0%" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">نتیجه</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 9pt mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" dir="ltr"></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">گیری</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 10pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt">:
آموزش براساس الگوی اعتقاد بهداشتی موجب ارتقاء ادراکات و عملکرد زنان در زمینه
پیشگیری از مصرف خودسرانه دارو می شود. <o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font>
<font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: inter-ideograph"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA">Background: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Self-medication
is a serious health problem. The aim of this study is determining the effect of
education based on health belief model on improving the preventive behaviors of
self-medication in women under the supervision of health institutions of zone 3
of Tehran.</span><span style="font-size: 13pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra""><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: inter-ideograph tab-stops: right 7.3pt center 265.9pt"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Methods</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">: This
quasi-experimental case-control survey was carried out on 88 women. Sampling
method was clustering and data collection tools was researcher-built
questionnaire based on constructs of health belief model (self-efficacy,
susceptibility, severity, benefits and perceived barriers) and checklist of
performance in self-medication its validity and reliability were measured. Initially
the questionnaire and checklist were completed for both the groups. The
educational intervention was designed according to the results of the above
mentioned stage, and implemented for experimental group in the form of 3
sessions for 90 minutes through lecture, questions and answers, group
discussion film and slide methods.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></span>The data were analyzed in SPSS16 statistical software by
descriptive and analytical statistical tests.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><o:p /></span></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: inter-ideograph tab-stops: right 7.3pt center 265.9pt"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Before educational intervention, there
was no significant difference between the average of awareness, self-efficacy,
susceptibility, severity, benefits and perceived barriers, perceived
self-efficacy and prevention of self-medication behavior in both experiment and
control groups (p> 0.05) however after educational intervention between the
two groups of experiment and control, there was significant difference in all
the variables (p<0.001). Also, average performance showed significant
relationship with the educational level in case group.(p= 0.03). Radio and
television were the first and most important guidance in %65 of experimental
women and %77.5 of control women.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal text-justify: inter-ideograph tab-stops: right 7.3pt center 265.9pt"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Education based
on health belief model improved the perceptions and behavior of women in
prevention of self-medication.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif""><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font>
پیشگیری، مصرف خودسرانه داروها، الگوی اعتقاد بهداشتی، زنان.
Prevention, Self-medication, Health belief model, Women.
48
59
http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1468&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Negin
Niksadat
نگین
نیک سادات
3900319475328460024312
3900319475328460024312
No
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Mahnaz
Solhi
مهناز
صلحی
3900319475328460024313
3900319475328460024313
Yes
Iran University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران
Davod
Shojaezadeh
داود
شجاعی زاده
3900319475328460024314
3900319475328460024314
No
Iran University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران
Mahmood Reza
Gohari
محمودرضا
گوهری
3900319475328460024315
3900319475328460024315
No
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران