TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Tabata Exercise in Water on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Leptin and Adiponectin in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome TT - تاثیر تمرین تاباتا در آب بر برخی فاکتورهای خطرزای قلبی عروقی، لپتین و آدیپونکتین در زنان چاق مبتلا به سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک JF - RJMS JO - RJMS VL - 28 IS - 12 UR - http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/article-1-5986-en.html Y1 - 2022 SP - 259 EP - 270 KW - Continuous Training KW - Interval Training KW - Brain-Derived Neural Growth Factor KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor N2 - Background & Aims: Obesity and overweight and especially visceral fat accumulation are common findings in people with polycystic ovary syndrome and it has been shown that increasing body fat has a direct role in determining insulin resistance (4) Research shows that weight loss alone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome reduces insulin and androgen levels and resumes ovulation cycles (5) Research has also shown that in people with polycystic ovary syndrome, some cardiovascular risk factors such as fat profile (CHOL, TG, HDL, LDL) (7) are also affected due to The mechanisms of this disease are formed by this change in balance. Today, restrictions on diet and physical activity are recommended by experts as a priority for these patients (3). This has led to the use of different training methods, which have also yielded different results. Among these is a type of intense periodic Tabata exercise (13). Numerous clinical studies have reported significant aerobic, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and psychological benefits for water sports programs and intermittent swimming exercises (14). However, in view of the above, it should be noted that due to the complications of polycystic ovary syndrome, which include infertility, cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance; Reducing the symptoms and treating this disease is very important. Therefore, according to the various results that have shown the role of exercise in controlling the symptoms and complications of this disease, and since no research has been done on the effect of Tabata exercises in water on these patients. The effect of Tabata exercises on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome can be of particular importance. Methods: The present research is a quantitative and applied study that was conducted with a two-group design (experimental and control) with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women with a body mass index of more than 29.9 in Isfahan with polycystic ovary syndrome. 30 people were selected as a sample from the community and provided they met the inclusion criteria, which were randomly assigned to the experimental group of Tabata + metformin exercise control. Subjects then completed a personal information questionnaire and blood samples were taken after 12 hours of night fasting to determine the level of research variables. In the continuation of the experimental group, the training program consisted of 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session lasted 40 minutes of Tabata training in water with a special training song for 20 minutes and 10 minutes of stretching and cooling exercises. The dose of metformin prescribed in the experimental group was 500 mgr twice a day after breakfast and dinner. 48 hours after the last training session, blood samples were taken again from all subjects. Descriptive statistics and Shapiro-Wilk tests, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used to analyze the data using SPSS / 21 software at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The results of two-way analysis of variance test showed exercise (F = 47.708, P = 0.001, µ = 0.536), time (F = 26.049, P = 0.001, µ = 0.317) and exercise-time interaction (F = 69.105, P = 0.001 (5 = 0.552) had a significant effect on adiponectin in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. . Regarding leptin, it was found that exercise, time and interaction of exercise and time had a significant effect on leptin and cholesterol in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Also, the results of Ben Foroni test showed that leptin and cholesterol at the end of the period were significantly lower in the exercise group than the control group. The results also showed that exercise had a significant effect on triglyceride and LDL levels in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but exercise time and interaction and time had no significant effect. Based on the results of two-way analysis of variance, it was found that exercise and interaction between exercise and time have a significant effect on HDL in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but time has a significant effect on HDL in obese women with ovarian syndrome. It did not have polycystic. Conclusion: It seems that the increasing nature of exercise in water, which with a gradual increase in the intensity of exercise and the use of intense exercise movements that were followed in the present study, has led to an increase in energy consumption and a significant increase in adiponectin concentrations. In addition, the involvement of larger muscle masses in this method of exercise has helped to intensify this process in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Findings have shown that when working in water, more muscle groups are used to overcome water resistance, and this can be useful in increasing the dynamic pressure on bones and muscles and increase energy consumption(23). It seems that this mechanism is the main cause of changes in serum adiponectin in the present study. Intensity and duration of activity, nutritional status of individuals, blood sampling hours, calorie imbalance, rhythm of leptin wheels, etc. are affected by exercise (30). People who are more obese are more resistant to leptin, so they need more exercise to affect leptin levels (30). Modifying the leptin response to exercise can lead to insulin sensitivity and improve energy expenditure. In general, physical activity lowers leptin levels not only by reducing fat mass but also by increasing leptin sensitivity. The results of the present study showed that eight weeks of Tabata training in water had no significant effect on cholesterol levels in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Cholesterol levels are affected by the balance between endogenous cholesterol and cholesterol from food. In the present study, nutrition and stress could not be controlled. Perhaps due to the pressure and duration of the protocol, cholesterol levels in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome did not change significantly. Because the mechanism of action of exercise in improving lipid profile is related to the enzymatic processes involved in lipid metabolism, so if exercise was done with proper nutrition, it would allow for greater enzymatic and hormonal adaptation and changes in cholesterol. Regarding the possible mechanism of the effect of physical activity on blood lipoproteins, the findings of previous research have shown that physical activity reduces triglycerides by increasing the activity of two enzymes, lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (32). It seems that longer training can be more effective on the lipid profile, while exercise affects most of the lipid profile of women with higher basal triglyceride levels (33). Also, one of the mechanisms of effect of regular physical activity is that it increases the transport and use of triglycerides by muscle (34). M3 ER -